如何从Java执行Shell命令

- 日理万妓 2023-10-05 17:08 17阅读 0赞

在Java中，我们可以使用`ProcessBuilder`或`Runtime.getRuntime().exec`执行外部shell命令：

### 1. ProcessBuilder ###

import java.io.BufferedReader;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    
    public class ProcessBuilderExample1 {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
    
            ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder();
            // Windows
            processBuilder.command("cmd.exe", "/c", "ping -n 3 bing.com");
    
            try {
    
                Process process = processBuilder.start();
    
                BufferedReader reader =
                        new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
    
                String line;
                while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                    System.out.println(line);
                }
    
                int exitCode = process.waitFor();
                System.out.println("\nExited with error code : " + exitCode);
    
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
        }
    
    }

2. Runtime.getRuntime().exec()

import java.io.BufferedReader;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    
    
    public class ExecuteShellComand {
    
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
    
        	 try {
    
        	        // -- Linux --
        	        
        	        // Run a shell command
        	        // Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("ls /home/user/");
    
        	        // Run a shell script
        	        // Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("path/to/hello.sh");
    
        	        // -- Windows --
        	        
        	        // Run a command
        	        //Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("cmd /c dir C:\\Users\\Administrator");
    
        	        //Run a bat file
        	        Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(
        	                "cmd /c hello.bat", null, new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\"));
    
        	        StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
    
        	        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(
        	                new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
    
        	        String line;
        	        while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
        	            output.append(line + "\n");
        	        }
    
        	        int exitVal = process.waitFor();
        	        if (exitVal == 0) {
        	            System.out.println("Success!");
        	            System.out.println(output);
        	            System.exit(0);
        	        } else {
        	            //abnormal...
        	        }
    
        	    } catch (IOException e) {
        	        e.printStackTrace();
        	    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        	        e.printStackTrace();
        	    }
    
        	}
    
        }