操作系统的运行机制、体系结构

淡淡的烟草味﹌ 2023-10-05 13:34 6阅读 0赞

#### 操作系统的运行机制、体系结构 ####

*  什么是指令
 *  两种处理器状态
 *  两种程序
 *  操作系统的内核
 *   *  大内核和微内核
 *  总结

## 什么是指令 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzIxMDQwNTU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]  
简单来说,“指令”就是处理器(CPU)能识别、执行的最基本命令。  
比如:加法指令就是让CpU进行加法运算

**指令又分为  
特权指令:如内存清零指令（不允许用户程序使用·）  
非特权指令:如普通的运算指令**

## 两种处理器状态 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzIxMDQwNTU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]

## 两种程序 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzIxMDQwNTU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]

## 操作系统的内核 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzIxMDQwNTU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]  
内核是计算机上配置的**底层软件**,是操作系统最基本、最核心的部分  
实现操作系统内核功能的那些程序就是**内核程序**。![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzIxMDQwNTU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]

### 大内核和微内核 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzIxMDQwNTU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 5]

> **类比**  
> ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzIxMDQwNTU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 6]

## 总结 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzIxMDQwNTU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 7]

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