linux awk列数据处理工具使用示例

￡神魔★判官ぃ 2023-10-05 11:39 20阅读 0赞

## 查看pid ##

$ ps aux | awk '{print $2}' | more

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> $1表示第一列  
> $0表示所有列  
> $11表示第十一列

## 查看/etc/passwd第7列 ##

#第一种写法
    $ awk -F: '{print $7}' /etc/passwd | more
    /bin/bash
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /bin/sync
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    ......
    #第二种写法
    $ awk 'BEGIN {FS=":"} {print $7}' /etc/passwd
    /bin/bash
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /bin/sync
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    /usr/sbin/nologin
    ......

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> `-F:` 表示以：作为分隔符

## 判断表达式 ##

$ cat product.txt 
    productA 30
    productB 50
    productC 70
    #第一种写法
    $ awk '$2>50 {print $0} $2<=50 {printf("%s\t%s\n",$0,"要补货")}' product.txt 
    productA 30	要补货
    productB 50	要补货
    productC 70
    #第二种写法
    $ awk '$2>50 {print $0} $2<=50 {print $0 "要补货"}' product.txt 
    productA 30要补货
    productB 50要补货
    productC 70

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## 计算空格的数量 ##

$ cat spaces.txt 
    iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
    
    llllllllllllllllll
    ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
    
    dddddddddddddddddd
    
    
    
    rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr
    iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
    
    llllllllllllllllll
    ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
    
    dddddddddddddddddd
    $ awk '/^ *$/{counter=counter+1} END {print counter}' spaces.txt 
    7

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> `/^ *$/`表示以空格开始，也以空格结尾，即空行

## 统计某一范围内的pid ##

$ ps aux | awk '$2>6000 && $2<=6999 {counter=counter+1} END {print counter}'
    24

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