【Spring Cloud】009-Config

妖狐艹你老母 2023-10-05 10:41 32阅读 0赞

# 一、概述 #

## 1、分布式系统面临的配置文件的问题 ##

微服务意味着要将单体应用中的业务拆分成一个个子服务, 每个服务的粒度相对较小，因此系统中会出现大量的服务，**由于每个服务都需要必要的配置信息才能运行，所以一套集中式的, 动态的配置管理设施是必不可少的。**SpringCloud提供了**ConfigServer**来解决这个问题，我们每一个微服务自己带着一个application.yml，那上百的的配置文件要修改起来，岂不是要发疯！

## 2、什么是SpringCloud config分布式配置中心 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

Spring Cloud Config为微服务架构中的微服务**提供集中化的外部配置支持**,配置服务器为各个不同微服务应用的所有环节提供了一个中心化的外部配置；  
Spring Cloud Config 分为**服务端**和**客户端**两部分：  
**服务端**也称为**分布式配**置中心，它是一个独立的微服务应用，用来连接配置服务器并为客户端提供获取配置信息，加密，解密信息等访问接口；  
**客户端**则是通过指定的**配置中心来管理应用资源**，以及与业务相关的配置内容,并在启动的时候从配置中心获取和加载配置信息。配置服务器默认采用git来存储配置信息，这样就有助于对环境配置进行版本管理。并且可以通过git客户端工具来方便的管理和访问配置内容；

## 3、git简单使用 ##

### 从远程仓库克隆： ###

# git clone [ssh地址]
    # 注意：本地要有公钥
    git clone git@gitee.com:zibo2019/springcloud-config.git

### 提交到云端仓库： ###

# 添加文件
    git add .
    # 查看状态
    git status
    # 保存到本地仓库
    git commit -m "保存说明"
    # 提交到云端仓库
    git push origin master

### 当前云端仓库文件： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

# 二、服务端连接Git配置 #

## 1、创建一个新模块springcloud-config-server-3344，并导入配置 ##

## 2、写配置文件application.yaml ##

server:
      port: 3344
    spring:
      application:
        name: springcloud-config-server
      # 连接远程仓库
      cloud:
        config:
          server:
            git:
              uri: https://gitee.com/zibo2019/springcloud-config.git # https 不是 git

## 3、写主启动类 ##

package com.zibo.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableConfigServer //开启
    public class Config_Server_3344 {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(Config_Server_3344.class,args);
        }
    }

## 4、运行测试 ##

访问：[http://localhost:3344/application-dev.yaml][http_localhost_3344_application-dev.yaml]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

## 5、HTTP服务具有以下格式的资源 ##

/{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
    /{application}-{profile}.yml
    /{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
    /{application}-{profile}.properties
    /{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties

# 三、客户端连接服务端访问远程 #

## 1、新建一个config-client.yaml ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

spring:
      profiles:
        active: dev
    ---
    server:
      port: 8201
    # spring配置
    spring:
      profiles: dev
      application:
        name: springcloud-provider-dept
    # Eureka的配置，服务注册到哪里
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/
    ---
    server:
      port: 8202
    # spring配置
    spring:
      profiles: test
      application:
        name: springcloud-provider-dept
    
    # Eureka的配置，服务注册到哪里
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/

## 2、将文件上传到云端仓库 ##

### 具体操作： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

### 云端仓库： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

## 3、创建一个新的模块springcloud-config-client-3355，并导入坐标 ##

## 4、写配置文件bootstrap.yaml和application.yaml ##

### bootstrap.yaml： ###

# 系统级别的配置
    spring:
      cloud:
        config:
          name: config-client # 需要从git上获取的资源名称，不要后缀
          profile: dev
          label: master
          uri: http://localhost:3344

### application.yaml： ###

# 用户级别的配置
    spring:
      application:
        name: springcloud-config-client-3355

## 5、写启动类 ##

package com.zibo.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class ConfigClient_3355 {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ConfigClient_3355.class,args);
        }
    }

## 6、写Controller，从云端注入数据 ##

package com.zibo.springcloud.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    public class ConfigClientController {
        @Value("${spring.application.name}")
        private String applicationName;
        @Value("${eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone}")
        private String eurekaServer;
        @Value("${server.port}")
        private String port;
        
        @RequestMapping("/config")
        public String getConfig(){
            return "applicationName：" + applicationName + "；eurekaServer：" + eurekaServer + "；port：" + port;
        }
    }

## 7、运行测试 ##

启动流程：3344——3355

访问[http://localhost:8201/config][http_localhost_8201_config]：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

# 四、远程配置实战 #

## 1、创建一个配置文件config-eureka ##

spring:
        profiles:
            active: dev
    ---
    server:
      port: 7001
    # spring配置
    spring:
      profiles: dev
      application:
        name: springcloud-config-eureka
    # Eureka配置
    eureka:
      instance:
        hostname: eureka7001.com # Eureka服务端实例名称
      client:
        register-with-eureka: false # 是否向eureka注册中心注册自己
        fetch-registry: false # 如果为false，则表示自己为注册中心
        service-url: # 监控页面
          defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/
    ---
    server:
      port: 7001
    # spring配置
    spring:
      profiles: test
      application:
        name: springcloud-config-eureka
    # Eureka配置
    eureka:
      instance:
        hostname: eureka7001.com # Eureka服务端实例名称
      client:
        register-with-eureka: false # 是否向eureka注册中心注册自己
        fetch-registry: false # 如果为false，则表示自己为注册中心
        service-url: # 监控页面
          defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/

## 2、再创建一个配置文件config-dept.yaml ##

spring:
        profiles:
            active: dev
    ---
    server:
      port: 8001
    
    # mybatis配置
    mybatis:
      type-aliases-package: com.zibo.springcloud.pojo
      config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
      mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml
    
    # spring配置
    spring:
      profiles: dev
      application:
        name: springcloud-config-dept
      datasource:
        type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource #数据源
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
        url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/zb1?serverTimezone=UTC
        username: root
        password: zibo15239417242 
    
    # Eureka的配置，服务注册到哪里
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/
      instance:
        instance-id: springcloud-provider-dept8001 # 修改eureka的默认描述信息
    
    # info配置信息
    info:
      app.name: zibo-springcloud
      company.name: com.zibo
    ---
    server:
      port: 8001
    
    # mybatis配置
    mybatis:
      type-aliases-package: com.zibo.springcloud.pojo
      config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
      mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml
    
    # spring配置
    spring:
      profiles: test
      application:
        name: springcloud-config-dept
      datasource:
        type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource #数据源
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
        url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/zb2?serverTimezone=UTC
        username: root
        password: zibo15239417242 
    
    # Eureka的配置，服务注册到哪里
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/
      instance:
        instance-id: springcloud-provider-dept8001 # 修改eureka的默认描述信息
    
    # info配置信息
    info:
      app.name: zibo-springcloud
      company.name: com.zibo

## 3、上传至云端 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

## 4、创建一个新模板springcloud-config-eureka-7001，并导包 ##

## 5、创建application.yaml和bootstrap.yaml ##

### application.yaml： ###

# 用户级别的配置
    spring:
      application:
        name: springcloud-config-eureka-7001

### bootstrap.yaml： ###

# 系统级别的配置
    spring:
      cloud:
        config:
          name: config-eureka # 需要从git上获取的资源名称，不要后缀
          profile: dev
          label: master
          uri: http://localhost:3344

## 6、编写主启动类 ##

package com.zibo.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaServer //服务端启动类，可以接受别人注册进来！
    public class Config_Eureka_7001 {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(Config_Eureka_7001.class,args);
        }
    }

## 7、运行测试 ##

### 测试7001从远程仓库获取配置： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

## 8、创建一个新模板springcloud-config-provider-dept-8001，并导入依赖 ##

（其他文件从springcloud-provider-dept-8001复制过来即可）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.zibo</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>springcloud-config-provider-dept-8001</artifactId>
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.7.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.zibo</groupId>
                <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
    </project>

## 9、编写配置文件application.yaml和bootstrap.yaml ##

### application.yaml： ###

# spring配置
    spring:
      application:
        name: springcloud-config-provider-dept-8001

### bootstrap.yaml： ###

# 系统级别的配置
    spring:
      cloud:
        config:
          name: config-dept # 需要从git上获取的资源名称，不要后缀
          profile: dev
          label: master
          uri: http://localhost:3344

## 10、运行测试 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

# 五、Spring Cloud总结 #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

# 六、整个项目的源代码 #

### 截图： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

### 下载地址： ###

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1qruHjTW\_G4BxHUdMleFqkA  
提取码：zibo

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[http_localhost_3344_application-dev.yaml]: http://localhost:3344/application-dev.yaml
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[http_localhost_8201_config]: http://localhost:8201/config
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