Spring-Cloud 常用插件之注册中心 eureka、consul

灰太狼 2023-10-05 10:23 106阅读 0赞

#### Spring-Cloud整合插件 ####

*  eureka注册中心
 *   *  1. 创建父maven项目，并添加依赖
     *  2. 新建eureka-server模块（注册中心服务器）
     *   *  I. 添加 eureka 服务端依赖
         *  II. 创建启动类并添加注解
         *  III. 在resources目录下添加 application.yml 配置文件
         *  IV. 在浏览器中访问网页链接: \[http://localhost:7001/\](http://localhost:7001/)
     *  3. mysc-common 公共模块，存放entity和其他公共的文件
     *  4. mysc-order-server 订单模块，用于查看用户的订单
     *   *  I.添加 eureka客户端依赖
         *  II. 创建 application.yml 配置文件
         *  III. 在启动类添加注解
     *  5. mysc-user-server 用户模块，远程访问订单模块并查看用户的订单
     *   *  I. 添加依赖
         *  II. 创建 application.yml 配置文件
         *  III. 在启动类添加注解
         *  IV. UserServiceImpl 用户接口实现类
         *  V. 在启动类添加注解
     *  6. 在网页就可以访问用户模块，从而从订单模块中获取到订单的信息
 *  Consul 替换 Eureka
 *   *  1. 下在Consul文件
     *  2. 启动 Consul 服务
     *   *  I. 找到下载好的 consul 文件目录下
         *  II. 在 DOS 页面启动服务
         *  III. 在需要注册的模块下的 application.yml 文件添加配置和依赖
         *  IV. 在启动类上添加注册中心通用注解
         *  V. 启动改模块服务，在浏览器上访问\[http://127.0.0.1:8500/\](http://127.0.0.1:8500/)

## eureka注册中心 ##

### 1. 创建父maven项目，并添加依赖 ###

<parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        </parent>
    
        
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>Greenwich.RELEASE</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
        <repositories>
            <repository>
                <id>spring-milestones</id>
                <name>Spring Milestones</name>
                <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
                <snapshots>
                    <enabled>false</enabled>
                </snapshots>
            </repository>
        </repositories>

### 2. 新建eureka-server模块（注册中心服务器） ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

#### I. 添加 eureka 服务端依赖 ####

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            </dependency>

#### II. 创建启动类并添加注解 ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]

package com.ddz;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaServer//标记为eureka的服务端
    public class MyEurekaServer {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(MyEurekaServer.class, args);
        }
    }

#### III. 在resources目录下添加 application.yml 配置文件 ####

需要注意的是层级关系（缩进）

server:
      port: 7001
    spring:
      application:
        name: eureka-server
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka/
        fetch-registry: false #将eureka不注册到注册中心上, 运行环境不需要
        register-with-eureka: false
      server: #设置微服务没有发送心跳时自动剔除
        enable-self-preservation: false #自动保护关闭，在发布环境中改为默认true
        eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 4000 #剔除的时间
      instance:
        prefer-ip-address: true # 展示Ip地址和端口号
        instance-id: ${
        spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${
        server.port} #Ip地址和端口号

#### IV. 在浏览器中访问网页链接: [http://localhost:7001/][http_localhost_7001] ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]

### 3. mysc-common 公共模块，存放entity和其他公共的文件 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]

### 4. mysc-order-server 订单模块，用于查看用户的订单 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]

#### I.添加 eureka客户端依赖 ####

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
            </dependency>

#### II. 创建 application.yml 配置文件 ####

server:
      port: 9001
    spring:
      application:
        name: order-server
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka/ #,http://localhost:7002/eureka/ #添加到的eureka注册中心的地址
      instance:
        prefer-ip-address: true #在eureka地址页面中显示微服务的ip地址和端口
        instance-id: ${
        spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${
        server.port} #设置发送心跳时间间隔
        lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 5 #设置没有发送心跳 微服务在eureka中保存的最大时间
        lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 10

#### III. 在启动类添加注解 ####

package com.ddz;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient//标记为eureka的客户端
    public class MyOrderServer {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(MyOrderServer.class, args);
        }
    }

### 5. mysc-user-server 用户模块，远程访问订单模块并查看用户的订单 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 5]

#### I. 添加依赖 ####

#### II. 创建 application.yml 配置文件 ####

server:
      port: 8001
    spring:
      application:
        name: user-server
    eureka:
      client:
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka/ #,http://localhost:7002/eureka/ #添加到的eureka注册中心的地址
      instance:
        prefer-ip-address: true #在eureka地址页面中显示微服务的ip地址和端口
        instance-id: ${
        spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${
        server.port} #设置发送心跳时间间隔
        lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 5 #设置没有发送心跳 微服务在eureka中保存的最大时间
        lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 10

#### III. 在启动类添加注解 ####

package com.ddz;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient//标记为eureka的客户端
    public class MyUserServer {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(MyUserServer.class, args);
        }
    }

#### IV. UserServiceImpl 用户接口实现类 ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 6]

package com.ddz.service.impl;
    
    import com.ddz.entity.Order;
    import com.ddz.service.UserService;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import java.util.List;
    
    @Service
    public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
        
    
        @Resource
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
        @Resource
        private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
    
        @Override
        public List<Order> findUserOrder(Integer uid) {
        
            //从eureka注册中心中找注册过的微服务的ip地址和端口号
            List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("order-server");
            //获取第一个
            ServiceInstance serviceInstance = instances.get(0);
            String url = "http://" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort() + "/findOrderByUser/" + uid;
            System.out.println(url);
            List<Order> orders = restTemplate.getForObject(url, List.class);
            return orders;
        }
    }

#### V. 在启动类添加注解 ####

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableEurekaClient//标记为eureka的客户端
    public class MyUserServer {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(MyUserServer.class, args);
        }
    
        @Bean
        public RestTemplate createRestTemplate() {
        
            return new RestTemplate();
        }
    }

### 6. 在网页就可以访问用户模块，从而从订单模块中获取到订单的信息 ###

链接: [link](http://localhost:8001/findUserOrder?uid=1)

## Consul 替换 Eureka ##

consul与Eureka的区别
    （1）一致性 
    	Consul强一致性（CP）
    Eureka保证高可用和最终一致性（AP）
    （2）开发语言和使用
    	eureka就是个servlet程序，跑在servlet容器中 
    	Consul则是go编写而成，安装启动即可

### 1. 下在Consul文件 ###

地址：[https://www.consul.io/downloads][https_www.consul.io_downloads]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 7]

### 2. 启动 Consul 服务 ###

#### I. 找到下载好的 consul 文件目录下 ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 8]

#### II. 在 DOS 页面启动服务 ####

consul agent -dev -client=0.0.0.0

![在这里插入图片描述][20200923210711335.jpg_pic_center]

#### III. 在需要注册的模块下的 application.yml 文件添加配置和依赖 ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 9]

server:
      port: 9001 #端口号
    spring:
      application:
        name: order-server #项目名称，在注册中心显示的名字
      cloud:
        consul:
          host: 127.0.0.1 #表示Consul的Server的请求地址
          port: 8500 #表示Consul的Server的端口
          discovery: #服务注册与发现的相关配置
            register: true
            instdance-id: ${
        spring.application.name}-${
        server.port} #实例的唯一id（推荐必填），spring cloud官网文档的推荐，为了保证生成一个唯一的id ，也可以换成${spring.application.name}:${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress}
            service-name: ${
        spring.application.name}
            port: ${
        server.port} #
            prefer-ip-address: true #开启ip地址注册
            ip-address: ${
        spring.cloud.client.ip-address} #当前微服务的请求ip

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
            </dependency>

*  spring-boot-starter-actuator 健康检查依赖于此包。
 *  spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery Spring Cloud Consul 的支持。

#### IV. 在启动类上添加注册中心通用注解 ####

package com.ddz;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableDiscoveryClient//标记为通用注册中心的客户端
    public class MyOrderServer {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(MyOrderServer.class, args);
        }
    }

#### V. 启动改模块服务，在浏览器上访问[http://127.0.0.1:8500/][http_127.0.0.1_8500] ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 10]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200923201657804.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center
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[http_localhost_7001]: http://localhost:7001/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200923203437442.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200922091951119.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200922092238343.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 5]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200922092331584.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 6]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020092320452210.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NTYyNjI4OA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center
[https_www.consul.io_downloads]: https://www.consul.io/downloads
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[20200923210711335.jpg_pic_center]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200923210711335.jpg#pic_center
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[http_127.0.0.1_8500]: http://127.0.0.1:8500/
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