Java之[简易计算器] 戳进来看看

淩亂°似流年 2023-10-02 16:53 130阅读 0赞

大家好，我是爱实战的小辉，不定期发布自己的实战成果，共同学习，共同进步！

只有多敲代码，无数次的试错才能变强！

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**目录**

一、设计要求

二、设计思路

1、初始化窗体

2、功能的实现

3、布局方式

4、简易类方法

三、完整代码附录

--------------------

## 一、设计要求 ##

设计一个简易计算器，可以实现基本的四则运算，以及自动获取随机计算式的功能。

实现如下：

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAa29va-Wwj-i-ieeahOi_m-mYtg_size_11_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16][]

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAa29va-Wwj-i-ieeahOi_m-mYtg_size_11_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1][]

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAa29va-Wwj-i-ieeahOi_m-mYtg_size_11_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 2][]

### 二、设计思路 ###

使用GUI编程，即图像用户界面，实现更好的交互，增强软件的实用性。

### 1、初始化窗体 ###

对所需的组键进行初始化，构建构造方法：

public class Test1 {
        public  static  void main(String []agrs)
        {
            new Computer();
    
        }
    }
    class Computer extends JFrame
    {
    
            private JTextField FieldOne=new JTextField(5);
            private JTextField FieldTwo=new JTextField(5);
            private JComboBox<String>Symbol;
            private JButton Button_Count;
            private  JButton Button_GetNumber,Button_GetResult;
            private JLabel Tag1,Tag2;
            private JTextField AnswerField=new JTextField(10);
            private JTextArea Area=new JTextArea(15,15);
            private JTextArea RandomArea=new JTextArea(1,1);
            private Box box1,box2,box3,box4,box_a;
            public  Computer()
            {
                init();
                setBounds(300,300,400,320);
                setVisible(true);
                setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
            }
            void init()

### 2、功能的实现 ###

主要是通过init（）方法来进行实现，关键是监听器和匿名类的实现，代码有点长：

>     void init()
>             {
>                 final double[] Aanswer = new double[1];
>                 final double[] Result = new double[1];
>                 setTitle("计算器");
>                 setLayout(new FlowLayout());
>                 box1=Box.createHorizontalBox();
>                 box2=Box.createHorizontalBox();
>                 box3=Box.createHorizontalBox();
>                 box4=Box.createVerticalBox();
>                 box_a=Box.createHorizontalBox();
>                 Symbol=new JComboBox<String>();
>                 Symbol.setSelectedIndex(-1);
>                 Symbol.addItem("+");
>                 Symbol.addItem("-");
>                 Symbol.addItem("*");
>                 Symbol.addItem("/");
>                 Tag1=new JLabel("点击随机获取计算式");
>                 Button_GetNumber=new JButton("获取");
>                 Button_Count=new JButton("计算");
>                 Button_Count.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
>                     @Override
>                     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
>                         try {
>                             int  number1 = Integer.parseInt(FieldOne.getText());
>     
>                             int  number2 = Integer.parseInt(FieldTwo.getText());
>     
>                             int SymbolNumber= Symbol.getSelectedIndex();//Symbol.getSelectedIndex();
>                             String Symbol="0";
>                             switch (SymbolNumber)
>                             {
>                                 case 0:Symbol="+";break;
>                                 case 1:Symbol="-";break;
>                                 case 2:Symbol="*";break;
>                                 case 3:Symbol="/";break;
>                             }
>     
>                             Area.append(" "+number1+Symbol+" "+number2+" = "+GetResult(number1,number2,Symbol)+"\n");
>                         }
>                         catch (Exception Exp)
>                         {
>                             int x =JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"输入了非法字符！",
>                                     "检查", JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION);
>                         }
>                         FieldOne.setText(null);
>                         FieldTwo.setText(null);
>                     }
>                 });
>                 Tag2=new JLabel("结果：");
>                 Button_GetResult=new JButton("计算校验");
>                 Button_GetResult.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
>                     @Override
>                     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
>                     {
>     
>                         if(AnswerField.getText().equals("") ){
>                             int x =JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"请确认是否输入了答案",
>                                     "确认", JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION);
>                         }
>                         if(!(AnswerField.getText().equals("")))
>                         {
>                            Result[0] = Double.parseDouble((AnswerField.getText()));
>                            Area.append(" "+Result[0]);
>                            if(Result[0]==Aanswer[0])
>                            {
>                                Area.append("            对了！\n");
>                            }
>                            else
>                            {
>                                Area.append("            错了！\n");
>                            }
>                            RandomArea.setText(null);
>                            AnswerField.setText(null);
>                         }
>                     }
>     
>                 });
>                 box1.add(FieldOne);
>                 box1.add(Symbol);
>                 box1.add(FieldTwo);
>                 box1.add(Button_Count);
>                 box2.add(Tag1);
>                 box2.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(15));
>                 box2.add(Button_GetNumber);
>                 Button_GetNumber.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
>                     @Override
>                     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
>                         if (!(RandomArea.getText().equals(""))) {
>                             int x = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "请确认是否输入了计算结果",
>                                     "确认", JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION);
>                         }
>                         if (RandomArea.getText().equals("")) {
>                             int number1 = new Random().nextInt(100 - 1) + 1;
>                             int number2 = new Random().nextInt(100 - 1) + 1;
>                             String Symbol[] = {"+", "-", "*", "/"};
>                             String symbol = GetRamdom(Symbol);
>                             RandomArea.setText(null);
>                             RandomArea.append((number1) + "  " + symbol +
>                                     "   " + (number2) + " =    ?"+"\n");
>                              Aanswer[0] =GetResult(number1,number2,symbol);
>                         Area.append("   "+String.valueOf(number1)+"  "+symbol+
>                                 "   "+String.valueOf(number2)+" = " +"\n");
>                         }
>                     }
>     
>                 });
>     
>                 box3.add(Tag2);
>                 box3.add(AnswerField);
>                 box3.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(15));
>                 box3.add(Button_GetResult);
>                 box3.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box_a.add(new JLabel("随机计算式:"));
>                 box_a.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10));
>                 box_a.add(RandomArea);
>                 box4.add(box1);
>                 box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box4.add(box2);
>                 box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box4.add(box_a);
>                 box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box4.add(box3);
>                 box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box4.add(Area);
>                 add(box4);
>     
>             }

--------------------

### 3、布局方式 ###

我主要采用的是Box盒子布局，即把若干的行式布局的容器装进一个盒子，再把四个这样的盒子装进一个列式布局的盒子，最后把所以盒子加到一个大盒子里，把大盒子装进容器中就可以了。

>     box4.add(box1);
>                 box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box4.add(box2);
>                 box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box4.add(box_a);
>                 box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box4.add(box3);
>                 box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box4.add(Area);
>                 add(box4);//大盒子添加到容器中

### 4、简易类方法 ###

编写了两个简单的类方法给匿名类监听器实现基本运算：

>     public static String GetRamdom (String[] Arry)
>         {
>             Random rand=new Random();
>             int number=rand.nextInt(Arry.length);
>             return  Arry[number];
>         }
>     
>         public static int  GetResult(int  x,int  y,String symbol)
>         {
>             switch (symbol)
>             {
>                 case "+": return x+y;
>                 case "-": return x-y;
>                 case "*": return x*y;
>                 case "/": return  x/y;
>             }
>     
>             return 0;
>         }

## 三、完整代码附录 ##

仅供参考学习使用：

>     package GUI__Test1;
>     import javax.swing.*;
>     import java.awt.*;
>     import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
>     import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
>     import java.util.Random;
>     
>     public class Test1 {
>         public  static  void main(String []agrs)
>         {
>             new Computer();
>     
>         }
>     }
>     class Computer extends JFrame
>     {
>     
>             private JTextField FieldOne=new JTextField(5);
>             private JTextField FieldTwo=new JTextField(5);
>             private JComboBox<String>Symbol;
>             private JButton Button_Count;
>             private  JButton Button_GetNumber,Button_GetResult;
>             private JLabel Tag1,Tag2;
>             private JTextField AnswerField=new JTextField(10);
>             private JTextArea Area=new JTextArea(15,15);
>             private JTextArea RandomArea=new JTextArea(1,1);
>             private Box box1,box2,box3,box4,box_a;
>             public  Computer()
>             {
>                 init();
>                 setBounds(300,300,400,320);
>                 setVisible(true);
>                 setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
>             }
>             void init()
>             {
>                 final double[] Aanswer = new double[1];
>                 final double[] Result = new double[1];
>                 setTitle("计算器");
>                 setLayout(new FlowLayout());
>                 box1=Box.createHorizontalBox();
>                 box2=Box.createHorizontalBox();
>                 box3=Box.createHorizontalBox();
>                 box4=Box.createVerticalBox();
>                 box_a=Box.createHorizontalBox();
>                 Symbol=new JComboBox<String>();
>                 Symbol.setSelectedIndex(-1);
>                 Symbol.addItem("+");
>                 Symbol.addItem("-");
>                 Symbol.addItem("*");
>                 Symbol.addItem("/");
>                 Tag1=new JLabel("点击随机获取计算式");
>                 Button_GetNumber=new JButton("获取");
>                 Button_Count=new JButton("计算");
>                 Button_Count.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
>                     @Override
>                     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
>                         try {
>                             int  number1 = Integer.parseInt(FieldOne.getText());
>     
>                             int  number2 = Integer.parseInt(FieldTwo.getText());
>     
>                             int SymbolNumber= Symbol.getSelectedIndex();//Symbol.getSelectedIndex();
>                             String Symbol="0";
>                             switch (SymbolNumber)
>                             {
>                                 case 0:Symbol="+";break;
>                                 case 1:Symbol="-";break;
>                                 case 2:Symbol="*";break;
>                                 case 3:Symbol="/";break;
>                             }
>     
>                             Area.append(" "+number1+Symbol+" "+number2+" = "+GetResult(number1,number2,Symbol)+"\n");
>                         }
>                         catch (Exception Exp)
>                         {
>                             int x =JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"输入了非法字符！",
>                                     "检查", JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION);
>                         }
>                         FieldOne.setText(null);
>                         FieldTwo.setText(null);
>                     }
>                 });
>                 Tag2=new JLabel("结果：");
>                 Button_GetResult=new JButton("计算校验");
>                 Button_GetResult.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
>                     @Override
>                     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
>                     {
>     
>                         if(AnswerField.getText().equals("") ){
>                             int x =JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"请确认是否输入了答案",
>                                     "确认", JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION);
>                         }
>                         if(!(AnswerField.getText().equals("")))
>                         {
>                            Result[0] = Double.parseDouble((AnswerField.getText()));
>                            Area.append(" "+Result[0]);
>                            if(Result[0]==Aanswer[0])
>                            {
>                                Area.append("            对了！\n");
>                            }
>                            else
>                            {
>                                Area.append("            错了！\n");
>                            }
>                            RandomArea.setText(null);
>                            AnswerField.setText(null);
>                         }
>                     }
>     
>                 });
>                 box1.add(FieldOne);
>                 box1.add(Symbol);
>                 box1.add(FieldTwo);
>                 box1.add(Button_Count);
>                 box2.add(Tag1);
>                 box2.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(15));
>                 box2.add(Button_GetNumber);
>                 Button_GetNumber.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
>                     @Override
>                     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
>                         if (!(RandomArea.getText().equals(""))) {
>                             int x = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "请确认是否输入了计算结果",
>                                     "确认", JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION);
>                         }
>                         if (RandomArea.getText().equals("")) {
>                             int number1 = new Random().nextInt(100 - 1) + 1;
>                             int number2 = new Random().nextInt(100 - 1) + 1;
>                             String Symbol[] = {"+", "-", "*", "/"};
>                             String symbol = GetRamdom(Symbol);
>                             RandomArea.setText(null);
>                             RandomArea.append((number1) + "  " + symbol +
>                                     "   " + (number2) + " =    ?"+"\n");
>                              Aanswer[0] =GetResult(number1,number2,symbol);
>                         Area.append("   "+String.valueOf(number1)+"  "+symbol+
>                                 "   "+String.valueOf(number2)+" = " +"\n");
>                         }
>                     }
>     
>                 });
>     
>                 box3.add(Tag2);
>                 box3.add(AnswerField);
>                 box3.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(15));
>                 box3.add(Button_GetResult);
>                 box3.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box_a.add(new JLabel("随机计算式:"));
>                 box_a.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10));
>                 box_a.add(RandomArea);
>                 box4.add(box1);
>                 box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box4.add(box2);
>                 box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box4.add(box_a);
>                 box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box4.add(box3);
>                 box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15));
>                 box4.add(Area);
>                 add(box4);
>     
>             }
>         public static String GetRamdom (String[] Arry)
>         {
>             Random rand=new Random();
>             int number=rand.nextInt(Arry.length);
>             return  Arry[number];
>         }
>     
>         public static int  GetResult(int  x,int  y,String symbol)
>         {
>             switch (symbol)
>             {
>                 case "+": return x+y;
>                 case "-": return x-y;
>                 case "*": return x*y;
>                 case "/": return  x/y;
>             }
>     
>             return 0;
>         }
>     
>     }

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