Spring Boot配置RabbitMQ（消息队列）

谁借莪１个温暖的怀抱￠ 2023-10-01 18:26 14阅读 0赞

## 1 RabbitMQ ##

RabbitMQ是实现了高级消息队列协议（AMQP）的开源消息代理软件（亦称面向消息的中间件）。RabbitMQ服务器是用Erlang语言编写的，而集群和故障转移是构建在开放电信平台框架上的。所有主要的编程语言均有与代理接口通讯的客户端库。

## 2 Maven依赖 ##

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
            </dependency>

## 3 SpringBoot配置 ##

spring:
      rabbitmq:
        host: 127.0.0.1
        port: 5672
        username: root
        password: root

## 4 RabbitConfig ##

RabbitMQ配置类。

package com.config;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.AcknowledgeMode;
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpAdmin;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.EnableRabbit;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.config.SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    
    //连接rabbitMQ的基本配置
    @Configuration
    @EnableRabbit
    public class RabbitConfig {
        /**
         * Rabbitmq ip地址
         */
        @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.host}")
        private String host;
    
        @Bean
        public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
            CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory(host);
            return connectionFactory;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public AmqpAdmin amqpAdmin() {
            return new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory());
        }
    
        @Bean
        public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate() {
            return new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory());
        }
    
        //配置消费者监听的容器
        @Bean
        public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory rabbitListenerContainerFactory() {
            SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
            factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory());
            factory.setConcurrentConsumers(3);
            factory.setMaxConcurrentConsumers(10);
            return factory;
        }
    }

## 5 **DirectExchangeConfig**  ##

直连交换机配置。

package com.config;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    
    //direct直连模式的交换机配置,包括一个direct交换机，两个队列，三根网线binding
    @Configuration
    public class DirectExchangeConfig {
    
        @Bean
        public DirectExchange directExchange() {
            DirectExchange directExchange = new DirectExchange("direct");
            return directExchange;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public Queue directQueue1() {
            Queue queue = new Queue("directqueue1");
            return queue;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public Queue directQueue2() {
            Queue queue = new Queue("directqueue2");
            return queue;
        }
    
        //3个binding将交换机和相应队列连起来
        @Bean
        public Binding bindingorange() {
            Binding binding = BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue1()).to(directExchange()).with("orange");
            return binding;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public Binding bindingblack() {
            Binding binding = BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue2()).to(directExchange()).with("black");
            return binding;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public Binding bindinggreen() {
            Binding binding = BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue2()).to(directExchange()).with("green");
            return binding;
        }
    
    
    }

## 6 MessageProvider ##

消息生产者。

package com.rabbitmq;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /**
     * 消息生产者
     */
    @Component
    public class MessageProvider {
        @Autowired
        private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    
        public void send(String exchange,String routingKey,String content){
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,routingKey,content);
        }
    }

## 7 MessageReceiver ##

消息消费者。

package com.rabbitmq;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /**
     * 消息消费者
     */
    @Component
    @RabbitListener(queues = "directqueue2")
    public class MessageReceiver {
        @RabbitHandler
        public void process(String message) throws InterruptedException {
            System.out.println(message);
        }
    }

## 8 调试代码 ##

package com.controller;
    
    import com.rabbitmq.MessageProvider;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    public class TestController {
        @Autowired
        private MessageProvider messageProvider;
    
        @GetMapping("/test")
        public String test(@RequestParam("msg") String msg) {
            messageProvider.send("direct", "black", msg);
            return msg;
        }
    }

## 9 调试结果 ##

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![watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5pet5Lic5oCq_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1][]

[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5pet5Lic5oCq_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/50ba5fc42f9c46a08c9a808799db00dd.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA5pet5Lic5oCq,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16
[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5pet5Lic5oCq_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/41dcbcad42fa41f7a58ff1f07f76c308.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA5pet5Lic5oCq,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16