如何使用 Maven 和 Netbeans 创建 Web 应用程序

àì夳堔傛蜴生んèń 2023-09-30 06:27 5阅读 0赞

本教程将指导您如何使用 maven 和 netbeans 创建 Web 应用程序。这将假设您已经在系统中安装了 maven。单击[此处了解如何在 windows 上安装 maven][windows _ maven]。

### **1.在NetBeans中新建项目** ###

单击创建新项目。在弹出的对话框中，在类别中选择 Maven，在项目列中选择 Web 应用程序。

![29014ea118d2116624793e72602512d4.png][]

点击下一步。输入您想要的项目名称。工件 id 和组 id 是使用基于您的项目名称的值预定义的。单击下一步继续。在设置页面上，选择您将使用的服务器，例如 tomcat 或 glassfish。单击完成。创建将包括下载必要的依赖项以创建项目。

###  **2. 检查你的 pom.xml** ###

您的项目结构应如下所示：

![5d9cea4b8a0024570b02af583f7beb5a.png][]

您将在 Source Packages 下添加 Java 源代码。您的 Web 内容（包括您的 web.xml）可以在 Web Pages 中找到。您的 pom.xml 可以在项目文件中找到。你的 pom.xml 应该看起来像下面

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.mycompany</groupId>
        <artifactId>mavenweb</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>war</packaging>
    
        <name>mavenweb</name>
    
        <properties>
            <endorsed.dir>${project.build.directory}/endorsed</endorsed.dir>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax</groupId>
                <artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
                <version>7.0</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.7</source>
                        <target>1.7</target>
                        <compilerArguments>
                            <endorseddirs>${endorsed.dir}</endorseddirs>
                        </compilerArguments>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.3</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.6</version>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <phase>validate</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>copy</goal>
                            </goals>
                            <configuration>
                                <outputDirectory>${endorsed.dir}</outputDirectory>
                                <silent>true</silent>
                                <artifactItems>
                                    <artifactItem>
                                        <groupId>javax</groupId>
                                        <artifactId>javaee-endorsed-api</artifactId>
                                        <version>7.0</version>
                                        <type>jar</type>
                                    </artifactItem>
                                </artifactItems>
                            </configuration>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
    </project>

## **3. 部署您的 Web 应用程序** ##

要部署您的应用程序，请点击运行或按 F6。您的索引页面应在新选项卡中打开，默认内容为 Hello World！

![19461db5e3e9e042373bea2f424439c8.png][]

## 4.创建Servle ##

![watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAYWxsd2F5Mg_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16][]

/*
     * Click nbfs://nbhost/SystemFileSystem/Templates/Licenses/license-default.txt to change this license
     * Click nbfs://nbhost/SystemFileSystem/Templates/JSP_Servlet/Servlet.java to edit this template
     */
    package com.mycompany.mavenweb;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.PrintWriter;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    /**
     *
     * @author Administrator
     */
    @WebServlet(name = "TestServlet", urlPatterns = {"/TestServlet"})
    public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {
    
        /**
         * Processes requests for both HTTP <code>GET</code> and <code>POST</code>
         * methods.
         *
         * @param request servlet request
         * @param response servlet response
         * @throws ServletException if a servlet-specific error occurs
         * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
         */
        protected void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
                throws ServletException, IOException {
            response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
            try ( PrintWriter out = response.getWriter()) {
                /* TODO output your page here. You may use following sample code. */
                out.println("<!DOCTYPE html>");
                out.println("<html>");
                out.println("<head>");
                out.println("<title>Servlet TestServlet</title>");
                out.println("</head>");
                out.println("<body>");
                out.println("<h1>Servlet TestServlet at " + request.getContextPath() + "</h1>");
                out.println("</body>");
                out.println("</html>");
            }
        }
    
        // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="HttpServlet methods. Click on the + sign on the left to edit the code.">
        /**
         * Handles the HTTP <code>GET</code> method.
         *
         * @param request servlet request
         * @param response servlet response
         * @throws ServletException if a servlet-specific error occurs
         * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
         */
        @Override
        protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
                throws ServletException, IOException {
            processRequest(request, response);
        }
    
        /**
         * Handles the HTTP <code>POST</code> method.
         *
         * @param request servlet request
         * @param response servlet response
         * @throws ServletException if a servlet-specific error occurs
         * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
         */
        @Override
        protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
                throws ServletException, IOException {
            processRequest(request, response);
        }
    
        /**
         * Returns a short description of the servlet.
         *
         * @return a String containing servlet description
         */
        @Override
        public String getServletInfo() {
            return "Short description";
        }// </editor-fold>
    
    }

![watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAYWxsd2F5Mg_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1][]

您已完成有关如何使用 maven 和 netbeans 创建 Web 应用程序的教程。您可能还对[在 maven 中使用 spring mvc 框架创建 Web 应用程序][maven _ spring mvc _ Web]感兴趣。

[windows _ maven]: https://javapointers.com/tutorial/how-to-install-maven-on-windows/
[29014ea118d2116624793e72602512d4.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/29014ea118d2116624793e72602512d4.png
[5d9cea4b8a0024570b02af583f7beb5a.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/5d9cea4b8a0024570b02af583f7beb5a.png
[19461db5e3e9e042373bea2f424439c8.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/19461db5e3e9e042373bea2f424439c8.png
[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAYWxsd2F5Mg_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/926cec1c89474cd7991b3ca66386fd45.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBAYWxsd2F5Mg==,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16
[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAYWxsd2F5Mg_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/9c5d072d696d4fb7ba939e20341dd4dd.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBAYWxsd2F5Mg==,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16
[maven _ spring mvc _ Web]: https://javapointers.com/tutorial/create-spring-mvc-project-using-maven/