linux如deepin manjaro对笔记本电脑电池的伤害解决方案：TLP：一个可以延长 Linux 笔记本电池寿命的高级电源管理工具

╰半夏微凉° 2023-09-29 14:55 15阅读 0赞

## TLP：一个可以延长 Linux 笔记本电池寿命的高级电源管理工具 ##

笔记本电池是针对 Windows 操作系统进行了高度优化的，当我在笔记本电脑中使用 Windows 操作系统时，我已经意识到这一点，但对于 Linux 来说却不一样。

多年来，Linux 在电池优化方面取得了很大进步，但我们仍然需要做一些必要的事情来改善 Linux 中笔记本电脑的电池寿命。

当我考虑延长电池寿命时，我没有多少选择，但我觉得 TLP 对我来说是一个更好的解决方案，所以我会继续使用它。

在本教程中，我们将详细讨论 TLP 以延长电池寿命。

我们之前在我们的网站上写过三篇关于 Linux [笔记本电池节电工具][Link 1] 的文章：[PowerTOP][] 和 [电池充电状态][Link 2]。

### **TLP** ###

[TLP][] 是一款自由开源的高级电源管理工具，可在不进行任何配置更改的情况下延长电池寿命。

由于它的默认配置已针对电池寿命进行了优化，因此你可能只需要安装，然后就忘记它吧。

此外，它可以高度定制化，以满足你的特定要求。TLP 是一个具有自动后台任务的纯命令行工具。它不包含GUI。

TLP 适用于各种品牌的笔记本电脑。设置电池充电阈值仅适用于 IBM/Lenovo ThinkPad。

所有 TLP 设置都存储在 `/etc/default/tlp` 中。其默认配置提供了开箱即用的优化的节能设置。

以下 TLP 设置可用于自定义，如果需要，你可以相应地进行必要的更改。

### **TLP 功能** ###

*  内核笔记本电脑模式和脏缓冲区超时
 *  处理器频率调整，包括 “turbo boost”/“turbo core”
 *  限制最大/最小的 P 状态以控制 CPU 的功耗
 *  HWP 能源性能提示
 *  用于多核/超线程的功率感知进程调度程序
 *  处理器性能与节能策略（`x86_energy_perf_policy`）
 *  硬盘高级电源管理级别（APM）和降速超时（按磁盘）
 *  AHCI 链路电源管理（ALPM）与设备黑名单
 *  PCIe 活动状态电源管理（PCIe ASPM）
 *  PCI(e) 总线设备的运行时电源管理
 *  Radeon 图形电源管理（KMS 和 DPM）
 *  Wifi 省电模式
 *  关闭驱动器托架中的光盘驱动器
 *  音频省电模式
 *  I/O 调度程序（按磁盘）
 *  USB 自动暂停，支持设备黑名单/白名单（输入设备自动排除）
 *  在系统启动和关闭时启用或禁用集成的 wifi、蓝牙或 wwan 设备
 *  在系统启动时恢复无线电设备状态（从之前的关机时的状态）
 *  无线电设备向导：在网络连接/断开和停靠/取消停靠时切换无线电
 *  禁用 LAN 唤醒
 *  挂起/休眠后恢复集成的 WWAN 和蓝牙状态
 *  英特尔处理器的动态电源降低 —— 需要内核和 PHC-Patch 支持
 *  电池充电阈值 —— 仅限 ThinkPad
 *  重新校准电池 —— 仅限 ThinkPad

### **如何在 Linux 上安装 TLP** ###

TLP 包在大多数发行版官方存储库中都可用，因此，使用发行版的 [包管理器][Link 3] 来安装它。

对于 Fedora 系统，使用 [DNF 命令][DNF] 安装 TLP。

$ sudo dnf install tlp tlp-rdw

ThinkPad 需要一些附加软件包。

$ sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
    $ sudo dnf install http://repo.linrunner.de/fedora/tlp/repos/releases/tlp-release.fc$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
    $ sudo dnf install akmod-tp_smapi akmod-acpi_call kernel-devel

安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。

$ sudo dnf install smartmontools

对于 Debian/Ubuntu 系统，使用 [APT-GET 命令][APT-GET] 或 [APT 命令][APT] 安装 TLP。

$ sudo apt install tlp tlp-rdw

ThinkPad 需要一些附加软件包。

$ sudo apt-get install tp-smapi-dkms acpi-call-dkms

安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。

$ sudo apt-get install smartmontools

当基于 Ubuntu 的系统的官方软件包过时时，请使用以下 PPA 存储库，该存储库提供最新版本。运行以下命令以使用 PPA 安装 TLP。

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linrunner/tlp
    $ sudo apt-get update
    $ sudo apt-get install tlp

对于基于 Arch Linux 的系统，使用 [Pacman 命令][Pacman] 安装 TLP。

$ sudo pacman -S tlp tlp-rdw

ThinkPad 需要一些附加软件包。

$ pacman -S tp_smapi acpi_call

安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。

$ sudo pacman -S smartmontools

对于基于 Arch Linux 的系统，在启动时启用 TLP 和 TLP-Sleep 服务。

$ sudo systemctl enable tlp.service
    $ sudo systemctl enable tlp-sleep.service

对于基于 Arch Linux 的系统，你还应该屏蔽以下服务以避免冲突，并确保 TLP 的无线电设备切换选项的正确操作。

$ sudo systemctl mask systemd-rfkill.service
    $ sudo systemctl mask systemd-rfkill.socket

对于 RHEL/CentOS 系统，使用 [YUM 命令][YUM] 安装 TLP。

$ sudo yum install tlp tlp-rdw

安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。

$ sudo yum install smartmontools

对于 openSUSE Leap 系统，使用 [Zypper 命令][Zypper] 安装 TLP。

$ sudo zypper install TLP

安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。

$ sudo zypper install smartmontools

成功安装 TLP 后，使用以下命令启动服务。

$ systemctl start tlp.service

### **使用方法** ###

### `显示电池信息` ###

$ sudo tlp-stat -b
    或
    $ sudo tlp-stat --battery
    --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
    
    +++ Battery Status
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/manufacturer                   = SMP
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/model_name                     = L14M4P23
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/cycle_count                    = (not supported)
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full_design             =  60000 [mWh]
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full                    =  48850 [mWh]
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_now                     =  48850 [mWh]
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/power_now                      =      0 [mW]
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/status                         = Full
    
    Charge                                                      =  100.0 [%]
    Capacity                                                    =   81.4 [%]

### `显示磁盘信息` ###

$ sudo tlp-stat -d
    或
    $ sudo tlp-stat --disk
    --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
    
    +++ Storage Devices
    /dev/sda:
      Model     = WDC WD10SPCX-24HWST1                    
      Firmware  = 02.01A02
      APM Level = 128
      Status    = active/idle
      Scheduler = mq-deadline
    
      Runtime PM: control = on, autosuspend_delay = (not available)
    
      SMART info:
          4 Start_Stop_Count          =    18787 
          5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct     =        0 
          9 Power_On_Hours            =      606 [h]
         12 Power_Cycle_Count         =     1792 
        193 Load_Cycle_Count          =    25775 
        194 Temperature_Celsius       =       31    [°C]
    
    
    +++ AHCI Link Power Management (ALPM)
    /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/link_power_management_policy  = med_power_with_dipm
    /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/link_power_management_policy  = med_power_with_dipm
    /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/link_power_management_policy  = med_power_with_dipm
    /sys/class/scsi_host/host3/link_power_management_policy  = med_power_with_dipm
    
    +++ AHCI Host Controller Runtime Power Management
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata1/power/control = on
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata2/power/control = on
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata3/power/control = on
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata4/power/control = on

### `显示 PCI 设备信息` ###

$ sudo tlp-stat -e
    或
    $ sudo tlp-stat --pcie
    $ sudo tlp-stat -e
    or
    $ sudo tlp-stat --pcie
    
    --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
    
    +++ Runtime Power Management
    Device blacklist = (not configured)
    Driver blacklist = amdgpu nouveau nvidia radeon pcieport
    
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:00.0/power/control = auto (0x060000, Host bridge, skl_uncore)
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:01.0/power/control = auto (0x060400, PCI bridge, pcieport)
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:02.0/power/control = auto (0x030000, VGA compatible controller, i915)
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:14.0/power/control = auto (0x0c0330, USB controller, xhci_hcd)
    
    ......

### `显示图形卡信息` ###

$ sudo tlp-stat -g
    或
    $ sudo tlp-stat --graphics
    --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
    
    +++ Intel Graphics
    /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_dc        = -1 (use per-chip default)
    /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_fbc       =  1 (enabled)
    /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_psr       =  0 (disabled)
    /sys/module/i915/parameters/modeset          = -1 (use per-chip default)

### `显示处理器信息` ###

$ sudo tlp-stat -p
    或
    $ sudo tlp-stat --processor
    --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
    
    +++ Processor
    CPU model      = Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz
    
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_driver    = intel_pstate
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor  = powersave
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq  =   800000 [kHz]
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq  =  3500000 [kHz]
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 
    
    ......
    
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/min_perf_pct      =  22 [%]
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/max_perf_pct      = 100 [%]
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo          =   0
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/turbo_pct         =  33 [%]
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/num_pstates       =  28
    
    x86_energy_perf_policy: program not installed.
    
    /sys/module/workqueue/parameters/power_efficient       = Y
    /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog                          = 0
    
    +++ Undervolting
    PHC kernel not available.

### `显示系统数据信息` ###

$ sudo tlp-stat -s
    或
    $ sudo tlp-stat --system
    --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
    
    +++ System Info
    System         = LENOVO Lenovo ideapad Y700-15ISK 80NV
    BIOS           = CDCN35WW
    Release        = "Manjaro Linux"
    Kernel         = 4.19.6-1-MANJARO #1 SMP PREEMPT Sat Dec 1 12:21:26 UTC 2018 x86_64
    /proc/cmdline  = BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.19-x86_64 root=UUID=69d9dd18-36be-4631-9ebb-78f05fe3217f rw quiet resume=UUID=a2092b92-af29-4760-8e68-7a201922573b
    Init system    = systemd 
    Boot mode      = BIOS (CSM, Legacy)
    
    +++ TLP Status
    State          = enabled
    Last run       = 11:04:00  IST,    596 sec(s) ago
    Mode           = battery
    Power source   = battery

### `显示温度和风扇速度信息` ###

$ sudo tlp-stat -t
    或
    $ sudo tlp-stat --temp
    --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
    
    +++ Temperatures
    CPU temp               =    36 [°C]
    Fan speed              = (not available)

### `显示 USB 设备数据信息` ###

$ sudo tlp-stat -u
    或
    $ sudo tlp-stat --usb
    --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
    
    +++ USB
    Autosuspend         = disabled
    Device whitelist    = (not configured)
    Device blacklist    = (not configured)
    Bluetooth blacklist = disabled
    Phone blacklist     = disabled
    WWAN blacklist      = enabled
    
    Bus 002 Device 001 ID 1d6b:0003 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms =     0 -- Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub (hub)
    Bus 001 Device 003 ID 174f:14e8 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms =  2000 -- Syntek  (uvcvideo)
    
    ......

### `显示警告信息` ###

$ sudo tlp-stat -w
    或
    $ sudo tlp-stat --warn
    --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
    
    No warnings detected.

### `状态报告及配置和所有活动的设置` ###

$ sudo tlp-stat
    --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
    
    +++ Configured Settings: /etc/default/tlp
    TLP_ENABLE=1
    TLP_DEFAULT_MODE=AC
    TLP_PERSISTENT_DEFAULT=0
    DISK_IDLE_SECS_ON_AC=0
    DISK_IDLE_SECS_ON_BAT=2
    MAX_LOST_WORK_SECS_ON_AC=15
    MAX_LOST_WORK_SECS_ON_BAT=60
    
    ......
    
    +++ System Info
    System = LENOVO Lenovo ideapad Y700-15ISK 80NV
    BIOS = CDCN35WW
    Release = "Manjaro Linux"
    Kernel = 4.19.6-1-MANJARO #1 SMP PREEMPT Sat Dec 1 12:21:26 UTC 2018 x86_64
    /proc/cmdline = BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.19-x86_64 root=UUID=69d9dd18-36be-4631-9ebb-78f05fe3217f rw quiet resume=UUID=a2092b92-af29-4760-8e68-7a201922573b
    Init system = systemd
    Boot mode = BIOS (CSM, Legacy)
    
    +++ TLP Status
    State = enabled
    Last run = 11:04:00 IST, 684 sec(s) ago
    Mode = battery
    Power source = battery
    
    +++ Processor
    CPU model = Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz
    
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_driver = intel_pstate
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor = powersave
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
    
    ......
    
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/min_perf_pct = 22 [%]
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/max_perf_pct = 100 [%]
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo = 0
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/turbo_pct = 33 [%]
    /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/num_pstates = 28
    
    x86_energy_perf_policy: program not installed.
    
    /sys/module/workqueue/parameters/power_efficient = Y
    /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog = 0
    
    +++ Undervolting
    PHC kernel not available.
    
    +++ Temperatures
    CPU temp = 42 [°C]
    Fan speed = (not available)
    
    +++ File System
    /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode = 2
    /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs = 6000
    /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs = 6000
    /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio = 20
    /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio = 10
    
    +++ Storage Devices
    /dev/sda:
     Model = WDC WD10SPCX-24HWST1
     Firmware = 02.01A02
     APM Level = 128
     Status = active/idle
     Scheduler = mq-deadline
    
     Runtime PM: control = on, autosuspend_delay = (not available)
    
     SMART info:
     4 Start_Stop_Count = 18787
     5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct = 0
     9 Power_On_Hours = 606 [h]
     12 Power_Cycle_Count = 1792
     193 Load_Cycle_Count = 25777
     194 Temperature_Celsius = 31 [°C]
    
    
    +++ AHCI Link Power Management (ALPM)
    /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm
    /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm
    /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm
    /sys/class/scsi_host/host3/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm
    
    +++ AHCI Host Controller Runtime Power Management
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata1/power/control = on
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata2/power/control = on
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata3/power/control = on
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata4/power/control = on
    
    +++ PCIe Active State Power Management
    /sys/module/pcie_aspm/parameters/policy = powersave
    
    +++ Intel Graphics
    /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_dc = -1 (use per-chip default)
    /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_fbc = 1 (enabled)
    /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_psr = 0 (disabled)
    /sys/module/i915/parameters/modeset = -1 (use per-chip default)
    
    +++ Wireless
    bluetooth = on
    wifi = on
    wwan = none (no device)
    
    hci0(btusb) : bluetooth, not connected
    wlp8s0(iwlwifi) : wifi, connected, power management = on
    
    +++ Audio
    /sys/module/snd_hda_intel/parameters/power_save = 1
    /sys/module/snd_hda_intel/parameters/power_save_controller = Y
    
    +++ Runtime Power Management
    Device blacklist = (not configured)
    Driver blacklist = amdgpu nouveau nvidia radeon pcieport
    
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:00.0/power/control = auto (0x060000, Host bridge, skl_uncore)
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:01.0/power/control = auto (0x060400, PCI bridge, pcieport)
    /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:02.0/power/control = auto (0x030000, VGA compatible controller, i915)
    
    ......
    
    +++ USB
    Autosuspend = disabled
    Device whitelist = (not configured)
    Device blacklist = (not configured)
    Bluetooth blacklist = disabled
    Phone blacklist = disabled
    WWAN blacklist = enabled
    
    Bus 002 Device 001 ID 1d6b:0003 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 0 -- Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub (hub)
    Bus 001 Device 003 ID 174f:14e8 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 2000 -- Syntek (uvcvideo)
    Bus 001 Device 002 ID 17ef:6053 control = on, autosuspend_delay_ms = 2000 -- Lenovo (usbhid)
    Bus 001 Device 004 ID 8087:0a2b control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 2000 -- Intel Corp. (btusb)
    Bus 001 Device 001 ID 1d6b:0002 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 0 -- Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub (hub)
    
    +++ Battery Status
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/manufacturer = SMP
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/model_name = L14M4P23
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/cycle_count = (not supported)
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full_design = 60000 [mWh]
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full = 51690 [mWh]
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_now = 50140 [mWh]
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/power_now = 12185 [mW]
    /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/status = Discharging
    
    Charge = 97.0 [%]
    Capacity = 86.2 [%]

--------------------

via: [https://www.2daygeek.com/tlp-increase-optimize-linux-laptop-battery-life/][https_www.2daygeek.com_tlp-increase-optimize-linux-laptop-battery-life]

作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][] 选题：[lujun9972][] 译者：[wxy][] 校对：[wxy][]

本文由 [LCTT][] 原创编译，[Linux中国][Linux] 荣誉推出

参考链接：

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/65546444

[Link 1]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.2daygeek.com/check-laptop-battery-status-and-charging-state-in-linux-terminal/
[PowerTOP]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.2daygeek.com/powertop-monitors-laptop-battery-usage-linux/
[Link 2]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.2daygeek.com/monitor-laptop-battery-charging-state-linux/
[TLP]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//linrunner.de/en/tlp/docs/tlp-linux-advanced-power-management.html
[Link 3]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.2daygeek.com/category/package-management/
[DNF]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/
[APT-GET]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
[APT]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
[Pacman]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/
[YUM]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
[Zypper]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/
[https_www.2daygeek.com_tlp-increase-optimize-linux-laptop-battery-life]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.2daygeek.com/tlp-increase-optimize-linux-laptop-battery-life/
[Magesh Maruthamuthu]: https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
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