SSM整合详细教学（上）

绝地灬酷狼 2023-09-27 19:31 120阅读 0赞

![在这里插入图片描述][30be5dc895514f5bb5479332110324d0.png_pic_center]

#### SSM整合详细教学（上） ####

*   *  一、SSM整合
     *   *  1. SSM整合配置
         *   *  1.1 SSM整合流程
             *  1.2 SSM整合配置
             *   *  1.2.1 创建工程，添加依赖和插件
                 *  1.2.2 Spring整合Mybatis
                 *  1.2.3 Spring整合SpringMVC
         *  2. 功能模块开发
         *   *  2.1 数据层开发(BookDao)
             *  2.2 业务层开发(BookService/BookServiceImpl)
             *  2.3 表现层开发(BookController)
         *  3. 接口测试
         *   *  3.1 Spring整合Junit测试业务层方法
             *  3.2 postman测试表现层接口
     *  二、表现层数据封装
     *   *  1. 表现层响应数据的问题
         *  2. 定义Result类封装响应结果
         *   *  2.1 Result类封装响应结果
             *  2.2 Code类封装响应码
         *  3 表现层数据封装返回Result对象

### 一、SSM整合 ###

#### 1. SSM整合配置 ####

##### 1.1 SSM整合流程 #####

1.  创建工程
2.  SSM整合
    
     *  Spring
        
         *  SpringConfig
     *  MyBatis
        
         *  MybatisConfig
         *  JdbcConfig
         *  jdbc.properties
     *  SpringMVC
        
         *  ServletConfig
         *  SpringMvcConfig
3.  功能模块
    
     *  表与实体类
     *  dao（接口+自动代理）
     *  service（接口+实现类）
        
         *  业务层接口测试（整合JUnit）
     *  controller
        
         *  表现层接口测试（PostMan）

##### 1.2 SSM整合配置 #####

###### 1.2.1 创建工程，添加依赖和插件 ######

![image-20230506213228172][]

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.6</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.16</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <port>80</port>
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

###### 1.2.2 Spring整合Mybatis ######

*  创建数据库和表

-- 创建ssm_db数据库
    CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS ssm_db CHARACTER SET utf8;
    
    -- 使用ssm_db数据库
    USE ssm_db;
    
    -- 创建tbl_book表
    CREATE TABLE tbl_book(
        id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, -- 图书编号
        TYPE VARCHAR(100), -- 图书类型
        NAME VARCHAR(100), -- 图书名称
        description VARCHAR(100) -- 图书描述
    );
    -- 添加初始化数据
    INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'计算机理论','Spring实战 第5版','Spring入门经典教材，深入理解Spring原理技术内幕');
    INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'计算机理论','Spring 5核心原理与30个类手写实战','十年沉淀之作,手写Spring精华思想');
    INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'计算机理论','Spring 5设计模式','深入Spring源码剖析,Spring源码蕴含的10大设计模式');
    INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'市场营销','直播就该这么做:主播高效沟通实战指南','李子柒、李佳琦、薇娅成长为网红的秘密都在书中');
    INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'市场营销','直播销讲实战一本通','和秋叶一起学系列网络营销书籍');
    INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'市场营销','直播带货:淘宝、天猫直播从新手到高手','一本教你如何玩转直播的书,10堂课轻松实现带货月入3W+');

*  jdbc.properties属性文件

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm_db
    jdbc.username=root
    jdbc.password=root

*  JdbcConfig配置类

public class JdbcConfig {
        
        @Value("${jdbc.driver}")
        private String driver;
        @Value("${jdbc.url}")
        private String url;
        @Value("${jdbc.username}")
        private String username;
        @Value("${jdbc.password}")
        private String password;
    	//配置连接池
        @Bean
        public DataSource dataSource(){
        
            DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
            dataSource.setDriverClassName(driver);
            dataSource.setUrl(url);
            dataSource.setUsername(username);
            dataSource.setPassword(password);
            return   dataSource;
        }
    	//Spring事务管理需要的平台事务管理器对象
        @Bean
        public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(DataSource dataSource){
        
            DataSourceTransactionManager ds = new DataSourceTransactionManager();
            ds.setDataSource(dataSource);
            return ds;
        }
    }

*  MybatisConfig配置类

public class MybatisConfig {
        
    
        @Bean
        public SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource) {
        
            SqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
            factoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);
            // typeAliasesPackage属性的作用是，搜索指定包别名
            // 配置了以后xml文件中的resultType和parameterType就不需要指定全类名
            factoryBean.setTypeAliasesPackage("com.sun.domain");
            return factoryBean;
        }
        @Bean
        public MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer() {
        
            MapperScannerConfigurer msc = new MapperScannerConfigurer();
            // setBasePackage用于设置Mapper接口所在的基本包名，是实现自动扫描的关键方法
            msc.setBasePackage("com.sun.dao");
            return msc;
        }
    }

*  SpringConfig配置类

@Configuration
    @ComponentScan({
        "com.sun.service"})
    @PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties")
    @Import({
        JdbcConfig.class,MyBatisConfig.class})
    @EnableTransactionManagement //开启Spring事务管理
    public class SpringConfig {
        
    }

###### 1.2.3 Spring整合SpringMVC ######

*  SpringMvcConfig配置类

@Configuration
    @ComponentScan("com.sun.controller")
    @EnableWebMvc
    public class SpringMvcConfig {
        
    }

*  ServletConfig配置类，加载SpringMvcConfig和SpringConfig配置类

public class ServletConfig extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
        
        protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        
            return new Class[]{
        SpringConfig.class};
        }
    
        protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        
            return new Class[]{
        SpringMvcConfig.class};
        }
    
        protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        
            return new String[]{
        "/"};
        }
    }

#### 2. 功能模块开发 ####

##### 2.1 数据层开发(BookDao) #####

*  Book实体类

public class Book {
        
        private Integer id;
        private String type;
        private String name;
        private String description;
        //自行添加getter、setter、toString()方法
    }

*  BookDao接口

public interface BookDao {
        
    
        @Insert("insert into tbl_book (type,name,description) values(#{type},#{name},#{description})")
        public int save(Book book);  //返回值表示影响的行数
    
        @Update("update tbl_book set type = #{type}, name = #{name}, description = #{description} where id = #{id}")
        public int update(Book book);
    
        @Delete("delete from tbl_book where id = #{id}")
        public int delete(Integer id);
    
        @Select("select * from tbl_book where id = #{id}")
        public Book getById(Integer id);
    
        @Select("select * from tbl_book")
        public List<Book> getAll();
    }

##### 2.2 业务层开发(BookService/BookServiceImpl) #####

*  BookService接口

@Transactional //表示所有方法进行事务管理
    public interface BookService {
        
    
        /**
         * 保存
         * @param book
         * @return
         */
        public boolean save(Book book);
    
        /**
         * 修改
         * @param book
         * @return
         */
        public boolean update(Book book);
    
        /**
         * 按id删除
         * @param id
         * @return
         */
        public boolean delete(Integer id);
    
        /**
         * 按id查询
         * @param id
         * @return
         */
        public Book getById(Integer id);
    
        /**
         * 查询全部
         * @return
         */
        public List<Book> getAll();
    }

*  BookServiceImpl实现类

@Service
    public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
        
        @Autowired
        private BookDao bookDao;
    
        public boolean save(Book book) {
        
            bookDao.save(book);
            return true;
        }
    
        public boolean update(Book book) {
        
            bookDao.update(book);
            return true;
        }
    
        public boolean delete(Integer id) {
        
            bookDao.delete(id);
            return true;
        }
    
        public Book getById(Integer id) {
        
            return bookDao.getById(id);
        }
    
        public List<Book> getAll() {
        
            return bookDao.getAll();
        }
    }

##### 2.3 表现层开发(BookController) #####

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/books")
    public class BookController {
        
    
        @Autowired
        private BookService bookService;
    
        @PostMapping
        public boolean save(@RequestBody Book book) {
        
            return bookService.save(book);
        }
    
        @PutMapping
        public boolean update(@RequestBody Book book) {
        
            return bookService.update(book);
        }
    
        @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
        public boolean delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        
            return bookService.delete(id);
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/{id}")
        public Book getById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        
            return bookService.getById(id);
        }
    
        @GetMapping
        public List<Book> getAll() {
        
            return bookService.getAll();
        }
    }

#### 3. 接口测试 ####

##### 3.1 Spring整合Junit测试业务层方法 #####

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringConfig.class)
    public class BookServiceTest {
        
    
        @Autowired
        private BookService bookService;
    
        @Test
        public void testGetById(){
        
            Book book = bookService.getById(1);
            System.out.println(book);
        }
    
        @Test
        public void testGetAll(){
        
            List<Book> all = bookService.getAll();
            System.out.println(all);
        }
    }

##### 3.2 postman测试表现层接口 #####

*  测试保存图书

![image-20210805165801606][]

> 这里就以保存图书为例，其他接口同样测试

### 二、表现层数据封装 ###

目前我们表现层响应给客户端的数据有哪几种？

#### 1. 表现层响应数据的问题 ####

问题：我们表现层增删改方法返回true或者false表示是否成功，getById()方法返回一个json对象，getAll()方法返回一个json对象数组，这里就出现了三种格式的响应结果，极其不利于前端解析。

![image-20210805170157483][]

解决：我们需要统一响应结果的格式

#### 2. 定义Result类封装响应结果 ####

##### 2.1 Result类封装响应结果 #####

public class Result {
        
        //描述统一格式中的数据
        private Object data;
        //描述统一格式中的编码，用于区分操作，可以简化配置0或1表示成功失败
        private Integer code;
        //描述统一格式中的消息，可选属性
        private String msg;
    
        public Result() {
        
        }
        public Result(Integer code,Object data) {
        
            this.data = data;
            this.code = code;
        }
        public Result(Integer code, Object data, String msg) {
        
            this.data = data;
            this.code = code;
            this.msg = msg;
        }
         //添加getter、setter、toString()方法
    }

**注意事项：**

Result类中的字段并不是固定的，可以根据需要自行增减

##### 2.2 Code类封装响应码 #####

//状态码
    public class Code {
        
        public static final Integer SAVE_OK = 20011;
        public static final Integer DELETE_OK = 20021;
        public static final Integer UPDATE_OK = 20031;
        public static final Integer GET_OK = 20041;
    
        public static final Integer SAVE_ERR = 20010;
        public static final Integer DELETE_ERR = 20020;
        public static final Integer UPDATE_ERR = 20030;
        public static final Integer GET_ERR = 20040;
    }

**注意事项：**

Code类的常量设计也不是固定的，可以根据需要自行增减，例如将查询再进行细分为GET\_OK，GET\_ALL\_OK，GET\_PAGE\_OK

#### 3 表现层数据封装返回Result对象 ####

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/books")
    public class BookController {
        
    
        @Autowired
        private BookService bookService;
    
        @PostMapping
        public Result save(@RequestBody Book book) {
        
            boolean flag = bookService.save(book);
            return new Result(flag ? Code.SAVE_OK:Code.SAVE_ERR,flag);
        }
    
        @PutMapping
        public Result update(@RequestBody Book book) {
        
            boolean flag = bookService.update(book);
            return new Result(flag ? Code.UPDATE_OK:Code.UPDATE_ERR,flag);
        }
    
        @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
        public Result delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        
            boolean flag = bookService.delete(id);
            return new Result(flag ? Code.DELETE_OK:Code.DELETE_ERR,flag);
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/{id}")
        public Result getById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        
            Book book = bookService.getById(id);
            Integer code = book != null ? Code.GET_OK : Code.GET_ERR;
            String msg = book != null ? "" : "数据查询失败，请重试！";
            return new Result(code,book,msg);
        }
    
        @GetMapping
        public Result getAll() {
        
            List<Book> bookList = bookService.getAll();
            Integer code = bookList != null ? Code.GET_OK : Code.GET_ERR;
            String msg = bookList != null ? "" : "数据查询失败，请重试！";
            return new Result(code,bookList,msg);
        }
    }

[30be5dc895514f5bb5479332110324d0.png_pic_center]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/30be5dc895514f5bb5479332110324d0.png#pic_center
[image-20230506213228172]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/e8f267159f87a3ee75fdf10372192422.png
[image-20210805165801606]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/e68b48883132b6408a39ee5b2b105bab.png
[image-20210805170157483]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/a202e4d8f212b405fee0f0a99b8cbeb7.png