Elasticsearch - Java API 操作 ES7.15.0、ES7.x 索引，文档；高级搜索（六）

墨蓝 2023-09-27 09:01 8阅读 0赞

#### 阅读本文前可先参考 ####

[Elasticsearch - Elasticsearch详解；安装部署（一）\_MinggeQingchun的博客-CSDN博客][Elasticsearch - Elasticsearch_MinggeQingchun_-CSDN]

Elasticsearch 软件是由 Java 语言开发的，所以也可以通过 Java API 的方式对 Elasticsearch服务进行访问

> **以 Elasticsearch****7.15.0版本为例**

## 一、Elasticsearch 下载安装部署 ##

#### 下载地址 ####

[Elasticsearch 7.15.0 | Elastic][Elasticsearch 7.15.0 _ Elastic]

![70c510f7d0d1468285096208e9828d5b.png][]

Windows版下载之后直接解压到目标目录下即可

## 二、Elasticsearch 客户端对象 ##

> **在Elasticsearch7.15版本之后，Elasticsearch官方将它的高级客户端 RestHighLevelClient 标记为弃用状态**
> 
> 同时推出了全新的Java API客户端Elasticsearch Java API Client，该客户端也将在Elasticsearch8.0及以后版本中成为官方推荐使用的客户端

1、创建空工程elasticsearch-demo，创建普通Java的maven模块elasticsearch-test

2、添加依赖

查看Elasticsearch官网文档

[Appendix A: Dependencies and versions | Elasticsearch Guide \[7.15\] | Elastic][Appendix A_ Dependencies and versions _ Elasticsearch Guide _7.15_ _ Elastic]

<dependencies>
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
          <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
          <version>7.15.0</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
          <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
          <version>7.15.0</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
          <version>2.11.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
          <version>2.11.1</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
          <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
          <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
          <version>2.10.4</version>
        </dependency>
    
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>

## 三、索引操作 ##

#### 1、创建索引 ####

RestHighLevelClient esClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                    RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http"))
            );
    
            // 创建索引
            CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("user");
            CreateIndexResponse createIndexResponse =
                    esClient.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            // 响应状态
            boolean acknowledged = createIndexResponse.isAcknowledged();
            System.out.println("索引操作 ：" + acknowledged);
    
            esClient.close();

#### 2、查询索引 ####

RestHighLevelClient esClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                    RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http"))
            );
    
            // 查询索引
            GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest("user");
    
            GetIndexResponse getIndexResponse =
                    esClient.indices().get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            // 响应状态
            System.out.println(getIndexResponse.getAliases());
            System.out.println(getIndexResponse.getMappings());
            System.out.println(getIndexResponse.getSettings());
    
            esClient.close();

#### 3、删除索引 ####

RestHighLevelClient esClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                    RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http"))
            );
    
            // 查询索引
            DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest("user");
    
            AcknowledgedResponse response = esClient.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            // 响应状态
            System.out.println(response.isAcknowledged());
    
            esClient.close();

## 四、文档操作 ##

#### 1、创建文档 ####

RestHighLevelClient esClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                    RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http"))
            );
    
            // 插入数据
            IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest();
            request.index("user").id("1001");
    
            User user = new User();
            user.setName("zhangsan");
            user.setAge(30);
            user.setSex("男");
    
            // 向ES插入数据，必须将数据转换位JSON格式
            ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
            String userJson = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
            request.source(userJson, XContentType.JSON);
    
            IndexResponse response = esClient.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            System.out.println(response.getResult());
    
            esClient.close();

#### 2、查询文档 ####

RestHighLevelClient esClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                    RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http"))
            );
    
            // 查询数据
            GetRequest request = new GetRequest();
            request.index("user").id("1001");
            GetResponse response = esClient.get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            System.out.println(response.getSourceAsString());
    
            esClient.close();

#### 3、修改文档 ####

RestHighLevelClient esClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                    RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http"))
            );
    
            // 修改数据
            UpdateRequest request = new UpdateRequest();
            request.index("user").id("1001");
            request.doc(XContentType.JSON, "sex", "女");
    
            UpdateResponse response = esClient.update(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            System.out.println(response.getResult());
    
            esClient.close();

#### 4、删除文档 ####

RestHighLevelClient esClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                    RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http"))
            );
    
            DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest();
            request.index("user").id("1001");
    
            DeleteResponse response = esClient.delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
            System.out.println(response.toString());
    
            esClient.close();

#### 5、批量新增 ####

RestHighLevelClient esClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                    RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http"))
            );
    
            // 批量插入数据
            BulkRequest request = new BulkRequest();
    
    //        request.add(new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1001").source(XContentType.JSON, "name", "zhangsan", "age",30,"sex","男"));
    //        request.add(new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1002").source(XContentType.JSON, "name", "lisi", "age",30,"sex","女"));
    //        request.add(new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1003").source(XContentType.JSON, "name", "wangwu", "age",40,"sex","男"));
    //        request.add(new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1004").source(XContentType.JSON, "name", "wangwu1", "age",40,"sex","女"));
    //        request.add(new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1005").source(XContentType.JSON, "name", "wangwu2", "age",50,"sex","男"));
    //        request.add(new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1006").source(XContentType.JSON, "name", "wangwu3", "age",50,"sex","男"));
            //request.add(new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1007").source(XContentType.JSON, "name", "wangwu44", "age",60,"sex","男"));
            //request.add(new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1008").source(XContentType.JSON, "name", "wangwu555", "age",60,"sex","男"));
            request.add(new IndexRequest().index("user").id("1009").source(XContentType.JSON, "name", "wangwu66666", "age",60,"sex","男"));
    
            BulkResponse response = esClient.bulk(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
            System.out.println(response.getItems());
    
            esClient.close();

#### 6、批量删除 ####

RestHighLevelClient esClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                    RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http"))
            );
    
            // 批量删除数据
            BulkRequest request = new BulkRequest();
    
            request.add(new DeleteRequest().index("user").id("1001"));
            request.add(new DeleteRequest().index("user").id("1002"));
            request.add(new DeleteRequest().index("user").id("1003"));
    
            BulkResponse response = esClient.bulk(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
            System.out.println(response.getItems());
    
            esClient.close();

## 五、高级查询 ##

#### 1、全量查询 ####

RestHighLevelClient esClient = new RestHighLevelClient(
                    RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http"))
            );
    
            // 1. 查询索引的所有数据
            SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
            request.indices("user");
    
            // 构造查询条件
            SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
            builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
    
            request.source(builder);
    
            SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
    
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
            System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
            Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                SearchHit hit = iterator.next();
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }
    
            esClient.close();

// 1、查询索引中全部的数据
    SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
            request.indices("user");
    
            request.source(new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()));
    
            SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
    
            System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
    
            for ( SearchHit hit : hits ) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }

#### 2、条件查询 ####

// 2. 条件查询 : termQuery
            SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
            request.indices("user");
    
            request.source(new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.termQuery("age", 30)));
            SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
    
            System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
    
            for ( SearchHit hit : hits ) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }

#### 3、分页查询 ####

// 3. 分页查询
            SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
            request.indices("user");
    
            SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
            // (当前页码-1)*每页显示数据条数
            builder.from(2);
            builder.size(2);
            request.source(builder);
            SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
    
            System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
    
            for ( SearchHit hit : hits ) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }

#### 4、排序查询 ####

// 4. 查询排序
            SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
            request.indices("user");
    
            SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
            //
            builder.sort("age", SortOrder.DESC);
    
            request.source(builder);
            SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
    
            System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
    
            for ( SearchHit hit : hits ) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }

#### 5、过滤查询 ####

// 5. 过滤字段
            SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
            request.indices("user");
    
            SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
            //
            String[] excludes = {"age"};
            String[] includes = {};
            builder.fetchSource(includes, excludes);
    
            request.source(builder);
            SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
    
            System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
    
            for ( SearchHit hit : hits ) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }

#### 6、组合查询 ####

// 6. 组合查询
            SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
            request.indices("user");
    
            SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
            BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
    
            //boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("age", 30));
            //boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("sex", "男"));
            //boolQueryBuilder.mustNot(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("sex", "男"));
            boolQueryBuilder.should(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("age", 30));
            boolQueryBuilder.should(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("age", 40));
    
            builder.query(boolQueryBuilder);
    
            request.source(builder);
            SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
    
            System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
    
            for ( SearchHit hit : hits ) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }

#### 7、范围查询 ####

// 7. 范围查询
            SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
            request.indices("user");
    
            SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
            RangeQueryBuilder rangeQuery = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age");
    
            rangeQuery.gte(30);
            rangeQuery.lt(50);
    
            builder.query(rangeQuery);
    
            request.source(builder);
            SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
    
            System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
    
            for ( SearchHit hit : hits ) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }

#### 8、模糊查询 ####

// 8. 模糊查询
            SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
            request.indices("user");
    
            SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
            builder.query(QueryBuilders.fuzzyQuery("name", "wangwu").fuzziness(Fuzziness.TWO));
    
            request.source(builder);
            SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
    
            System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
    
            for ( SearchHit hit : hits ) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }

#### 9、高亮查询 ####

// 9. 高亮查询
            SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
            request.indices("user");
    
            SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
            TermsQueryBuilder termsQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termsQuery("name", "zhangsan");
    
            HighlightBuilder highlightBuilder = new HighlightBuilder();
            highlightBuilder.preTags("<font color='red'>");
            highlightBuilder.postTags("</font>");
            highlightBuilder.field("name");
    
            builder.highlighter(highlightBuilder);
            builder.query(termsQueryBuilder);
    
            request.source(builder);
            SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
    
            System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
    
            for ( SearchHit hit : hits ) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }

#### 10、聚合查询 ####

// 10. 聚合查询
            SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
            request.indices("user");
    
            SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
    
            AggregationBuilder aggregationBuilder = AggregationBuilders.max("maxAge").field("age");
            builder.aggregation(aggregationBuilder);
    
            request.source(builder);
            SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
    
            System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
    
            for ( SearchHit hit : hits ) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }

#### 11、分组查询 ####

// 11. 分组查询
            SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
            request.indices("user");
    
            SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
    
            AggregationBuilder aggregationBuilder = AggregationBuilders.terms("ageGroup").field("age");
            builder.aggregation(aggregationBuilder);
    
            request.source(builder);
            SearchResponse response = esClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    
            SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
    
            System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
            System.out.println(response.getTook());
    
            for ( SearchHit hit : hits ) {
                System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            }
    
            esClient.close();

[Elasticsearch - Elasticsearch_MinggeQingchun_-CSDN]: https://blog.csdn.net/MinggeQingchun/article/details/126618387
[Elasticsearch 7.15.0 _ Elastic]: https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/past-releases/elasticsearch-7-15-0
[70c510f7d0d1468285096208e9828d5b.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/70c510f7d0d1468285096208e9828d5b.png
[Appendix A_ Dependencies and versions _ Elasticsearch Guide _7.15_ _ Elastic]: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.15/dependencies-versions.html