Java实现短信发送

雨点打透心脏的1/2处 2023-09-23 17:38 100阅读 0赞

首先，我们要实现Java短信发送功能需要去申请第三方短信接口，以阿里云为例  
[点击跳转][Link 1]  
![阿里云][e7e640bf609d44cc9b032d60f9bc4f9a.png]  
在API市场中找到短信验证码接口：  
![短信验证码接口][3562431dcbe44985b40a3a73d11ee8e1.png]  
我们可以先选择免费试用来测试：  
![免费试用][71a87a8d85494f41a7c26df6645c0898.png]  
点击立即购买后可前往控制台查看：  
![控制台][7110d35667aa4828848fa5b7e87a17ca.png]  
OK，一切就绪后我们开始测试使用。  
首先我们先回到商品详情页，在商品详情页下面，说明了这个接口的调用地址以及请求参数等：  
![请求参数][6510a286f2a14a7aab9e629b83bdc506.png]  
接下来我们通过实例来调用接口进行测试：  
**1、加入相关依赖**  
具体可参考：[相关依赖][Link 2]

<dependency>
    			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    			<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
    			<version>1.2.15</version>
    		</dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
                <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
                <version>4.2.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
                <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
                <version>4.2.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
                <version>2.6</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
                <artifactId>jetty-util</artifactId>
                <version>9.3.7.v20160115</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.5</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>

**2、创建HttpUtils.java类**  
HttpUtils.java类官方也已经帮我们封装好了，我们可以直接前往github下载,[点击跳转][Link 3]  
这里就直接把代码放上了

package com.aliyun.api.gateway.demo.util;
    
    import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
    import java.net.URLEncoder;
    import java.security.KeyManagementException;
    import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
    import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
    import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
    import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
    
    import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
    import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
    import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager;
    import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
    import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry;
    import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
    import org.apache.http.entity.ByteArrayEntity;
    import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
    
    public class HttpUtils {
        
    	
    	/**
    	 * get
    	 * 
    	 * @param host
    	 * @param path
    	 * @param method
    	 * @param headers
    	 * @param querys
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public static HttpResponse doGet(String host, String path, String method, 
    			Map<String, String> headers, 
    			Map<String, String> querys)
                throws Exception {
            	
        	HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
    
        	HttpGet request = new HttpGet(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
        
            	request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
            }
            
            return httpClient.execute(request);
        }
    	
    	/**
    	 * post form
    	 * 
    	 * @param host
    	 * @param path
    	 * @param method
    	 * @param headers
    	 * @param querys
    	 * @param bodys
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public static HttpResponse doPost(String host, String path, String method, 
    			Map<String, String> headers, 
    			Map<String, String> querys, 
    			Map<String, String> bodys)
                throws Exception {
            	
        	HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
    
        	HttpPost request = new HttpPost(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
        
            	request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
            }
    
            if (bodys != null) {
        
                List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
    
                for (String key : bodys.keySet()) {
        
                    nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, bodys.get(key)));
                }
                UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairList, "utf-8");
                formEntity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");
                request.setEntity(formEntity);
            }
    
            return httpClient.execute(request);
        }	
    	
    	/**
    	 * Post String
    	 * 
    	 * @param host
    	 * @param path
    	 * @param method
    	 * @param headers
    	 * @param querys
    	 * @param body
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public static HttpResponse doPost(String host, String path, String method, 
    			Map<String, String> headers, 
    			Map<String, String> querys, 
    			String body)
                throws Exception {
            	
        	HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
    
        	HttpPost request = new HttpPost(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
        
            	request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
            }
    
            if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(body)) {
        
            	request.setEntity(new StringEntity(body, "utf-8"));
            }
    
            return httpClient.execute(request);
        }
    	
    	/**
    	 * Post stream
    	 * 
    	 * @param host
    	 * @param path
    	 * @param method
    	 * @param headers
    	 * @param querys
    	 * @param body
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public static HttpResponse doPost(String host, String path, String method, 
    			Map<String, String> headers, 
    			Map<String, String> querys, 
    			byte[] body)
                throws Exception {
            	
        	HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
    
        	HttpPost request = new HttpPost(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
        
            	request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
            }
    
            if (body != null) {
        
            	request.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(body));
            }
    
            return httpClient.execute(request);
        }
    	
    	/**
    	 * Put String
    	 * @param host
    	 * @param path
    	 * @param method
    	 * @param headers
    	 * @param querys
    	 * @param body
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public static HttpResponse doPut(String host, String path, String method, 
    			Map<String, String> headers, 
    			Map<String, String> querys, 
    			String body)
                throws Exception {
            	
        	HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
    
        	HttpPut request = new HttpPut(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
        
            	request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
            }
    
            if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(body)) {
        
            	request.setEntity(new StringEntity(body, "utf-8"));
            }
    
            return httpClient.execute(request);
        }
    	
    	/**
    	 * Put stream
    	 * @param host
    	 * @param path
    	 * @param method
    	 * @param headers
    	 * @param querys
    	 * @param body
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public static HttpResponse doPut(String host, String path, String method, 
    			Map<String, String> headers, 
    			Map<String, String> querys, 
    			byte[] body)
                throws Exception {
            	
        	HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
    
        	HttpPut request = new HttpPut(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
        
            	request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
            }
    
            if (body != null) {
        
            	request.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(body));
            }
    
            return httpClient.execute(request);
        }
    	
    	/**
    	 * Delete
    	 *  
    	 * @param host
    	 * @param path
    	 * @param method
    	 * @param headers
    	 * @param querys
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	public static HttpResponse doDelete(String host, String path, String method, 
    			Map<String, String> headers, 
    			Map<String, String> querys)
                throws Exception {
            	
        	HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(host);
    
        	HttpDelete request = new HttpDelete(buildUrl(host, path, querys));
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : headers.entrySet()) {
        
            	request.addHeader(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
            }
            
            return httpClient.execute(request);
        }
    	
    	private static String buildUrl(String host, String path, Map<String, String> querys) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
        
        	StringBuilder sbUrl = new StringBuilder();
        	sbUrl.append(host);
        	if (!StringUtils.isBlank(path)) {
        
        		sbUrl.append(path);
            }
        	if (null != querys) {
        
        		StringBuilder sbQuery = new StringBuilder();
            	for (Map.Entry<String, String> query : querys.entrySet()) {
        
            		if (0 < sbQuery.length()) {
        
            			sbQuery.append("&");
            		}
            		if (StringUtils.isBlank(query.getKey()) && !StringUtils.isBlank(query.getValue())) {
        
            			sbQuery.append(query.getValue());
                    }
            		if (!StringUtils.isBlank(query.getKey())) {
        
            			sbQuery.append(query.getKey());
            			if (!StringUtils.isBlank(query.getValue())) {
        
            				sbQuery.append("=");
            				sbQuery.append(URLEncoder.encode(query.getValue(), "utf-8"));
            			}        			
                    }
            	}
            	if (0 < sbQuery.length()) {
        
            		sbUrl.append("?").append(sbQuery);
            	}
            }
        	
        	return sbUrl.toString();
        }
    	
    	private static HttpClient wrapClient(String host) {
        
    		HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
    		if (host.startsWith("https://")) {
        
    			sslClient(httpClient);
    		}
    		
    		return httpClient;
    	}
    	
    	private static void sslClient(HttpClient httpClient) {
        
            try {
        
                SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
                X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
        
                    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
        
                        return null;
                    }
                    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
        
                    	
                    }
                    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
        
                    	
                    }
                };
                ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[] {
         tm }, null);
                SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx);
                ssf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
                ClientConnectionManager ccm = httpClient.getConnectionManager();
                SchemeRegistry registry = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();
                registry.register(new Scheme("https", 443, ssf));
            } catch (KeyManagementException ex) {
        
                throw new RuntimeException(ex);
            } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
        
            	throw new RuntimeException(ex);
            }
        }
    }

**3、发送验证码**

public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            //短信api调用地址
            String host = "https://dfsns.market.alicloudapi.com";
            //请求路径
            String path = "/data/send_sms";
            //请求方式
            String method = "POST";
            //appcode：自己的AppCode，可以在自己的控制台找到，是一串32位的字符串
            String appcode = "14xfa0523x3s2fe8ep0u54te14c2w36ad";
            Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<String, String>();
            //最后在header中的格式(中间是英文空格)为Authorization:APPCODE 83359fd73fe94948385f570e3c139105
            headers.put("Authorization", "APPCODE " + appcode);
            //根据API的要求，定义相对应的Content-Type
            headers.put("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");
            Map<String, String> querys = new HashMap<String, String>();
            Map<String, String> bodys = new HashMap<String, String>();
    
            //使用随机数生成4位验证码
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        
                int randomNum = (int) (Math.random()*10);
                stringBuilder.append(randomNum);
            }
            String code = stringBuilder.toString();
            //这里是要发送给用户的验证码，我们使用了随机数进行生成
            bodys.put("content", "code:"+code);
            //这里是接受短信的手机号码，我们在实际开发时这里就不能写死了
            bodys.put("phone_number", "176****5321");
            //这里是发送短信的模板ID：代表整体短信文案模板
            bodys.put("template_id", "TPL_0000");
            try {
        
                HttpResponse response = HttpUtils.doPost(host, path, method, headers, querys, bodys);
                System.out.println(response.toString());
                //获取response的body
                System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()));
            } catch (Exception e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

好的大功告成，我们可以看下控制台给我们的打印：  
![打印][df93911278a14162a4aed43ad8a82404.png]  
说明发送成功了。我们打开手机也可以看到发给我们的验证码  
![手机收到][ec3b9d39d2bc4a1395fec1d8f5032310.jpeg]

[Link 1]: https://www.aliyun.com/
[e7e640bf609d44cc9b032d60f9bc4f9a.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e7e640bf609d44cc9b032d60f9bc4f9a.png
[3562431dcbe44985b40a3a73d11ee8e1.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/3562431dcbe44985b40a3a73d11ee8e1.png
[71a87a8d85494f41a7c26df6645c0898.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/71a87a8d85494f41a7c26df6645c0898.png
[7110d35667aa4828848fa5b7e87a17ca.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/7110d35667aa4828848fa5b7e87a17ca.png
[6510a286f2a14a7aab9e629b83bdc506.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/6510a286f2a14a7aab9e629b83bdc506.png
[Link 2]: https://github.com/aliyun/api-gateway-demo-sign-java/blob/master/pom.xml
[Link 3]: https://github.com/aliyun/api-gateway-demo-sign-java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/aliyun/api/gateway/demo/util/HttpUtils.java
[df93911278a14162a4aed43ad8a82404.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/df93911278a14162a4aed43ad8a82404.png
[ec3b9d39d2bc4a1395fec1d8f5032310.jpeg]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/ec3b9d39d2bc4a1395fec1d8f5032310.jpeg