Zookeeper：实现“通知协调”的 Demo
应用配置集中到节点上，应用启动时主动获取，并在节点上注册一个 watcher，每次配置更新都会通知到应用。数据发布/订阅（Publish/Subscribe）系统，即所谓的配置中心，顾名思义就是发布者将数据发布到 ZooKeeper 的一个或一系列节点上，供订阅者进行数据订阅，进而达到动态获取数据的目的，实现配置信息的集中式管理和数据的动态更新。
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本篇内容包括：Demo 概述、代码实现、测试结果
文章目录
- 一、Demo 概述
- 1、关于 zookeeper “通知协调”
- 2、Demo 设计
- 3、Demo 前提
- 二、代码实现
- 1、引用 Maven 依赖
- 2、ConnectionWatcher 类创建 Zookeeper 连接
- 3、ActiveKeyValueStore 类读写 Zookeeper 数据
- 4、ConfigUpdater 类发布数据信息
- 5、ConfigWatcher 类订阅数据信息
- 三、测试结果
- 1、ConfigUpdater 打印内容
- 2、ConfigWatcher 打印内容
一、Demo 概述
1、关于 zookeeper “通知协调”
应用配置集中到节点上，应用启动时主动获取，并在节点上注册一个 watcher，每次配置更新都会通知到应用。
数据发布/订阅（Publish/Subscribe）系统，即所谓的配置中心，顾名思义就是发布者将数据发布到 ZooKeeper 的一个或一系列节点上，供订阅者进行数据订阅，进而达到动态获取数据的目的，实现配置信息的集中式管理和数据的动态更新。
2、Demo 设计
采用发布/订阅模式将配置信息发布到 Zookeeper 节点上，供订阅者动态获取数据：
- 首先需要启动 Zookeeper 服务，规划集群配置信息存放的节点 /config;
- 然后通过 ConfigWatcher 类更新 /config 节点注册监视器 watcher，监控集群配置信息变化;
- 最后通过 ConfigUpdater 类不断更新 /config 节点配置信息，从而模拟实现集群配置信息订阅发布效果。
3、Demo 前提
参考：Mac通过Docker安装Zookeeper集群
二、代码实现
1、引用 Maven 依赖
<!-- 选择对应的Zookeeper版本 --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId><artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId><version>3.7.0</version></dependency>
2、ConnectionWatcher 类创建 Zookeeper 连接
import java.io.IOException;import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;public class ConnectionWatcher implements Watcher {private final CountDownLatch connectedSignal = new CountDownLatch(1);private static final int SESSION_TIMEOUT = 5000;protected ZooKeeper zk;public void connect(String hosts) throws IOException, InterruptedException {zk = new ZooKeeper(hosts, SESSION_TIMEOUT, this);connectedSignal.await();}@Overridepublic void process(WatchedEvent event) {if (event.getState() == Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected) {connectedSignal.countDown();}}public void close() throws InterruptedException {zk.close();}}
3、ActiveKeyValueStore 类读写 Zookeeper 数据
import java.nio.charset.Charset;import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;import java.util.List;import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException;import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs;import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;public class ActiveKeyValueStore extends ConnectionWatcher {private static final Charset CHARSET = StandardCharsets.UTF_8;/*** 读取节点数据** @param path 节点地址* @param value 数据值* @throws InterruptedException 中断异常* @throws KeeperException ZooKeeper异常*/public void write(String path, String value) throws InterruptedException, KeeperException {Stat stat = zk.exists(path, false);if (stat == null) {if (value == null) {zk.create(path, null,ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);} else {zk.create(path, value.getBytes(CHARSET),ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);}} else {if (value == null) {zk.setData(path, null, -1);} else {zk.setData(path, value.getBytes(CHARSET), -1);}}}/*** 读取节点数据** @param path 节点地址* @param watcher watcher* @return 数据值* @throws InterruptedException 中断异常* @throws KeeperException ZooKeeper异常*/public String read(String path, Watcher watcher) throws InterruptedException, KeeperException {/* stat */byte[] data = zk.getData(path, watcher, null);return new String(data, CHARSET);}}
4、ConfigUpdater 类发布数据信息
import java.io.IOException;import java.util.Random;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException;public class ConfigUpdater {public static final String PATH = "/configuration";private final ActiveKeyValueStore store;private final Random random = new Random();public ConfigUpdater(String hosts) throws IOException, InterruptedException {//定义一个类store = new ActiveKeyValueStore();//连接Zookeeperstore.connect(hosts);}public void run() throws InterruptedException, KeeperException {// noinspection InfiniteLoopStatementwhile (true) {String value = random.nextInt(100) + "";//向 ZNode 写数据（也可以将xml文件写进去）store.write(PATH, value);System.out.printf("Set %s to %s\n", PATH, value);TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(random.nextInt(10));}}public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, KeeperException {String hosts = "localhost:2181";ConfigUpdater updater = new ConfigUpdater(hosts);updater.run();}}
5、ConfigWatcher 类订阅数据信息
import java.io.IOException;import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException;import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;public class ConfigWatcher implements Watcher {private final ActiveKeyValueStore store;public ConfigWatcher(String hosts) throws InterruptedException, IOException {store = new ActiveKeyValueStore();//连接Zookeeperstore.connect(hosts);}public void displayConfig() throws InterruptedException, KeeperException {String value = store.read(ConfigUpdater.PATH, this);System.out.printf("Read %s as %s\n", ConfigUpdater.PATH, value);}@Overridepublic void process(WatchedEvent event) {System.out.printf("Process incoming event: %s\n", event.toString());if (event.getType() == Event.EventType.NodeDataChanged) {try {displayConfig();} catch (InterruptedException e) {System.err.println("Interrupted. Exiting");Thread.currentThread().interrupt();} catch (KeeperException e) {System.err.printf("KeeperException: %s. Exiting.\n", e);}}}public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, KeeperException {String hosts = "localhost:2181";//创建 watcherConfigWatcher watcher = new ConfigWatcher(hosts);//调用 display 方法watcher.displayConfig();//然后一直处于监控状态Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);}}
三、测试结果
1、ConfigUpdater 打印内容
Set /configuration to 76Set /configuration to 55Set /configuration to 13...
2、ConfigWatcher 打印内容
Read /configuration as 76Read /configuration as 55Read /configuration as 13...
通过 ConfigUpdater 发布的信息以及 ConfigWatcher 监控得到的信息可以看出，已经成功模拟实现集群配置信息的订阅发布
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