RabbitMQ初步使用简单队列的使用

r囧r小猫 2023-08-17 16:28 136阅读 0赞

## 简单队列 ##

**1.1模型**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190928195254499.png]  
p：消息生产者  
红色：消息队列  
c:消费者  
3个对象；生产者，队列，消费者。生产者会生产消息，消息通过消息队列，消费者从消息队列获取消息。  
**1.2获取mq连接**  
导入maven包

<dependency>
        <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
        <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.1</version>
    </dependency>

获取连接工具类

public class ConnectionUtil { 
        /** * 取mq连接 * * @return * @throws IOException * @throws TimeoutException */
        public static Connection getConnection() throws IOException , TimeoutException { 
            //定义连接工厂
            ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
            //设置服务地址
            factory.setHost("ip");
            //端口
            factory.setPort(port);
            //设置账号信息，用户名、密码、vhost
            factory.setVirtualHost("/vhost_name");
            factory.setUsername("admin");
            factory.setPassword("password");
            // 通过工程获取连接
           return factory.newConnection();
        }
    }

**1.3生产者发生数据**

public class Send { 
        private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_simple_queue";
    
        public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception { 
            // 获取到连接以及mq通道
            Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
            // 从连接中创建通道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            // 声明（创建）队列
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
            // 消息内容
            String message = "Hello World!";
            channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
            System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
            //关闭通道和连接
            channel.close();
            connection.close();
        }
    }

验证是否发生成功：到mq的管理页面的Queues中查看  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dzZGZ5bQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
点击名字后里面的getmessage，可以看到消息即为发生成功  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dzZGZ5bQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
**1.4消费者消费消息**

public class Recv { 
        private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_simple_queue";
    
        public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception { 
    
            // 获取到连接
            Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
            // 从连接中创建通道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
            // 声明队列
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
            //定义一个消费者
            DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){ 
                //获取到达的消息
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope,
                                           AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException { 
                    super.handleDelivery(consumerTag, envelope, properties, body);
                    String msg = new String(body,"utf-8");
                    System.out.println("rec:"+msg);
                }
            };
            //监听队列
            channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME,true,consumer);
        }
    }

简单队列的不足：

*  耦合性高，生产者–消费者要一一对应(不支持多个消费者消费队列中的消息)
 *  队列名变更，的同步变更

接下来介绍工作队列：多个消费者消费一个队列：[工作队列 https://blog.csdn.net/wsdfym/article/details/101646664][https_blog.csdn.net_wsdfym_article_details_101646664]

[20190928195254499.png]: /images/20230810/bd8df2611b8d485a9dadb926fea2b079.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dzZGZ5bQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20230810/9b56b34b080b477a80265a674ab01d1f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dzZGZ5bQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20230810/b8152cb266cb4ee0b5c52278fac946bc.png
[https_blog.csdn.net_wsdfym_article_details_101646664]: https://blog.csdn.net/wsdfym/article/details/101646664