SpringCloud Alibaba从入门到精通教程（五）- 项目中快速集成·限流组件Sentinel

悠悠 2023-07-25 11:20 4阅读 0赞

# 需求背景 #

> 项目中快速集成·限流组件Sentinel

# Tips技术点 #

**1. 引入**spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel依赖包

注：默认监控所有访问接口

# **代码演示** #

## 1. 项目目录结构 ##

**![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]**

## 2. pom.xml依赖组件 ##

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
    	<artifactId>microservice-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
    	<packaging>jar</packaging>
    
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>com.minbo.cloud.alibaba</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-study-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	</parent>
    
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
    			<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
    			<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId>
    			<artifactId>swagger-bootstrap-ui</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
    			<artifactId>json-lib-ext-spring</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    </project>

## 3. bootstrap.yaml配置文件 ##

配置sentinel

spring:
       application:
          name: microservice-alibaba-sentinel
       profiles:
          active: dev
       cloud:
          nacos:
             discovery:
                server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
                namespace: 2bc5565f-453f-4b1c-bde4-eafe23bdb2f0
             config:
                server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
                namespace: 2bc5565f-453f-4b1c-bde4-eafe23bdb2f0
                file-extension: properties
                shared-dataids: microservice-alibaba-sentinel.properties
                refreshable-dataids: microservice-alibaba-sentinel.properties
          sentinel:
             transport:
                port: 8719 # 默认数据端口
                dashboard: 127.0.0.1:9191
    # server
    server:
       port: 9092

对Nacos配置不熟，可以先阅读下面两篇文章

1.  [SpringCloud Alibaba从入门到精通教程（二）- 项目中快速集成配置中心·Nacos服务注册发现功能][SpringCloud Alibaba_- _Nacos]
2.  [SpringCloud Alibaba从入门到精通教程（三）- 项目中快速集成配置中心·Nacos配置中心管理功能][SpringCloud Alibaba_- _Nacos 1]

## 4. 接口类 ##

package com.minbo.cloud.alibaba.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
    import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    
    /**
     * @author Minbo
     */
    @RestController
    @Slf4j
    @Api(tags = { "init" })
    public class InitController {
    
    	@ApiOperation(value = "欢迎入口", httpMethod = "GET")
    	@GetMapping("/hello")
    	public String hello() {
    		log.info("microservice-alibaba-sentinel");
    		return "Hello, greetings from microservice-alibaba-sentinel";
    	}
    }

## 5. 启动类 ##

package com.minbo.cloud.alibaba;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
    
    import com.github.xiaoymin.swaggerbootstrapui.annotations.EnableSwaggerBootstrapUI;
    
    /**
     * 程序主入口
     * 
     * @author Minbo
     *
     */
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableSwaggerBootstrapUI
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    public class Application {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    	}
    
    }

## 6. 测试 ##

多访问几次接口：[http://localhost:9092/hello][http_localhost_9092_hello]

Sentinel控制台，可以看到下图，实时监控接口访问数据：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

# 高级用法 #

## 1. 流控规则用法 ##

案例：新增接口流控规则，基于QPS，限定只允许每次一个请求通过

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

新增规则成功后

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

再次测试接口：

快速访问多几次 [http://localhost:9092/hello][http_localhost_9092_hello]，接口响应结果如下图：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

表示流控规则生效了。在监控控制台上，可以看到“拒绝QPS”的值，而每次通过的QPS只有一个

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

其他用法基本同理，比如“降级规则”，“热点规则”等等，可自行研究探索其用法了

# 完整源码下载 #

我的[Github源码地址：][Github]

[https://github.com/hemin1003/spring-cloud-study/tree/master/spring-cloud-alibaba/microservice-alibaba-sentinel][https_github.com_hemin1003_spring-cloud-study_tree_master_spring-cloud-alibaba_microservice-alibaba-sentinel]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

# 其他技术 #

此项目代码案例中，还集成了以下功能：

**1. 集成swagger**

十分简单、简洁易用的在线接口文档组件swagger

Swagger入门教程用法：[SpringBoot从入门到精通教程（二十四）- Swagger集成用法][SpringBoot_- Swagger]

# 下一章教程 #

[SpringCloud Alibaba从入门到精通教程（六）- 消息组件RocketMQ快速入门介绍·Server启动安装][SpringCloud Alibaba_- _RocketMQ_Server]

# 该系列教程 #

[SpringCloud Alibaba从入门到精通教程][SpringCloud Alibaba]

# 我的专栏 #

*  [SpringBoot系列专栏][SpringBoot]
 *  [SpringCloud系列专栏][SpringCloud Alibaba]
 *  [高可用高并发实战][Link 1][专栏][Link 2]
 *  [微服务架构实战][Link 3]
 *  [DevOps实战专栏][DevOps]
 *  [程序化广告实战专栏][Link 2]

至此，全部介绍就结束了

\-------------------------------

[我的CSDN主页][CSDN]

[关于我][Link 4]（个人域名）

[我的开源项目集Github][Github 1]

期望和大家***一起学习，一起成长***，共勉，O(∩\_∩)O谢谢

欢迎交流问题，可加个人QQ 469580884，

或者，加我的群号 **751925591**，一起探讨交流问题

不讲虚的，只做实干家

Talk is cheap，show me the code

![20180411181545874][]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20230528/da2c53927d3d47319b914b83a76d55b4.png
[SpringCloud Alibaba_- _Nacos]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003/article/details/105517927
[SpringCloud Alibaba_- _Nacos 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003/article/details/105517950
[http_localhost_9092_hello]: http://localhost:9092/hello
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20230528/9307dbfcce4c47d197febab22628674f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20230528/92d79aeb4f44455da7459eb7920d4fa8.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20230528/57955df0ad604619b54d3283e7d69b94.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20230528/94ce123e5a0f4a569fa2cfa8dc8f9693.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20230528/a65e08cd7e50436792abd16a825de467.png
[Github]: https://github.com/hemin1003/spring-cloud-study/tree/master/spring-cloud-alibaba
[https_github.com_hemin1003_spring-cloud-study_tree_master_spring-cloud-alibaba_microservice-alibaba-sentinel]: https://github.com/hemin1003/spring-cloud-study/tree/master/spring-cloud-alibaba/microservice-alibaba-sentinel
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2hlbWluMTAwMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20230528/5d765d7463c74a59a6353544de362f6d.png
[SpringBoot_- Swagger]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003/article/details/99637936
[SpringCloud Alibaba_- _RocketMQ_Server]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003/article/details/106555661
[SpringCloud Alibaba]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003/category_9293625.html
[SpringBoot]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003/article/category/9291077
[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003/article/category/9292134
[Link 2]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003/article/category/9290971
[Link 3]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003/article/category/9292162
[DevOps]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003/article/category/9292130
[CSDN]: https://blog.csdn.net/hemin1003
[Link 4]: http://heminit.com/about/
[Github 1]: https://github.com/hemin1003
[20180411181545874]: /images/20230528/73c2c7e8beda442f9686d3e092629bbc.png