VS：在命令行中使用cl.exe编译运行opencv

清疚 2023-07-25 11:17 4阅读 0赞

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# 1. 背景 #

电脑中已安装VS，并配置好OpenCV。但VS真的太大，打开运行都很费时间，而且每次新建一个简单opencv程序便需要在VS中新建项目，嫌麻烦。故希望直接在命令行输入cl.exe的命令即可编译运行OpenCV程序。

# 2. OpenCV环境配置 #

![OpenCV文件夹][OpenCV]

//在 Path 中，添加 bin 目录
    D:\opencv3410\bulid_vs2019_x86\x86\vc16\bin;
    //新建 INCLUDE 并添加包含目录
    D:\opencv3410\bulid_vs2019_x86\include;
    //新建 LIB 并添加库目录
    D:\opencv3410\bulid_vs2019_x86\x86\vc16\lib;

# 3. 编译运行 #

## 3.1 搭建VS编程环境 ##

点击电脑开始按钮，根据个人电脑搜索**X86 Native**或**X64 Native**，选择打开**x86 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2019**或者**x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2019**。此时，电脑会自动搭建VS编程环境。

![x86 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2019][]

![搭建VS编程环境][VS]

**注意：x86 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2019不同于cmd，它类似于搭建了VS编程环境的cmd。**

## 3.2 确定链接文件 ##

不同的OpenCV版本和编译方式会使生成的lib文件不一样。有的lib文件有两个版本，不带d结尾表示Release版本，带d结尾代表Debug版本；有的lib文件只有一个版本，即不带d结尾，表示Release和Debug版本共用。

![OpenCV的库目录][OpenCV 1]

Debug版本：

opencv_aruco3410d.lib
    opencv_bgsegm3410d.lib
    opencv_bioinspired3410d.lib
    opencv_calib3d3410d.lib
    opencv_ccalib3410d.lib
    opencv_core3410d.lib
    opencv_datasets3410d.lib
    opencv_dnn3410d.lib
    opencv_dnn_objdetect3410d.lib
    opencv_dpm3410d.lib
    opencv_face3410d.lib
    opencv_features2d3410d.lib
    opencv_flann3410d.lib
    opencv_fuzzy3410d.lib
    opencv_hfs3410d.lib
    opencv_highgui3410d.lib
    opencv_imgcodecs3410d.lib
    opencv_imgproc3410d.lib
    opencv_img_hash3410d.lib
    opencv_line_descriptor3410d.lib
    opencv_ml3410d.lib
    opencv_objdetect3410d.lib
    opencv_optflow3410d.lib
    opencv_phase_unwrapping3410d.lib
    opencv_photo3410d.lib
    opencv_plot3410d.lib
    opencv_reg3410d.lib
    opencv_rgbd3410d.lib
    opencv_saliency3410d.lib
    opencv_shape3410d.lib
    opencv_stereo3410d.lib
    opencv_stitching3410d.lib
    opencv_structured_light3410d.lib
    opencv_superres3410d.lib
    opencv_surface_matching3410d.lib
    opencv_text3410d.lib
    opencv_tracking3410d.lib
    opencv_video3410d.lib
    opencv_videoio3410d.lib
    opencv_videostab3410d.lib
    opencv_xfeatures2d3410d.lib
    opencv_ximgproc3410d.lib
    opencv_xobjdetect3410d.lib
    opencv_xphoto3410d.lib

Release版本：

opencv_aruco3410.lib 
    opencv_bgsegm3410.lib 
    opencv_bioinspired3410.lib 
    opencv_calib3d3410.lib 
    opencv_ccalib3410.lib 
    opencv_core3410.lib 
    opencv_datasets3410.lib 
    opencv_dnn3410.lib 
    opencv_dnn_objdetect3410.lib 
    opencv_dpm3410.lib 
    opencv_face3410.lib 
    opencv_features2d3410.lib 
    opencv_flann3410.lib 
    opencv_fuzzy3410.lib 
    opencv_hfs3410.lib 
    opencv_highgui3410.lib 
    opencv_imgcodecs3410.lib 
    opencv_imgproc3410.lib 
    opencv_img_hash3410.lib 
    opencv_line_descriptor3410.lib 
    opencv_ml3410.lib 
    opencv_objdetect3410.lib 
    opencv_optflow3410.lib 
    opencv_phase_unwrapping3410.lib 
    opencv_photo3410.lib 
    opencv_plot3410.lib 
    opencv_reg3410.lib 
    opencv_rgbd3410.lib 
    opencv_saliency3410.lib 
    opencv_shape3410.lib 
    opencv_stereo3410.lib 
    opencv_stitching3410.lib 
    opencv_structured_light3410.lib 
    opencv_superres3410.lib 
    opencv_surface_matching3410.lib 
    opencv_text3410.lib 
    opencv_tracking3410.lib 
    opencv_video3410.lib 
    opencv_videoio3410.lib 
    opencv_videostab3410.lib 
    opencv_xfeatures2d3410.lib 
    opencv_ximgproc3410.lib 
    opencv_xobjdetect3410.lib 
    opencv_xphoto3410.lib

## 3.3 编译运行 ##

编译时必须添加执行OpenCV的所需的库文件。一般来说，使用lib文件的Release版本。若是使用Debug版本，则需编译命令后添加/MTd。

// OpenCV程序
    #include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
    #include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
    using namespace cv;
    int main()
    {
        Mat img = imread("1.png");
        cv::imshow("image", img);
        cv::waitKey();
        return 0;
    }

// 跳转到OpenCV程序所在的文件夹
    E: && cd E:\VSCode\git\vscode\opencv_cl
    // Release版本编译命令
    cl 1.cpp opencv_aruco3410.lib opencv_bgsegm3410.lib opencv_bioinspired3410.lib opencv_calib3d3410.lib opencv_ccalib3410.lib opencv_core3410.lib opencv_datasets3410.lib opencv_dnn3410.lib opencv_dnn_objdetect3410.lib opencv_dpm3410.lib opencv_face3410.lib opencv_features2d3410.lib opencv_flann3410.lib opencv_fuzzy3410.lib opencv_hfs3410.lib opencv_highgui3410.lib opencv_imgcodecs3410.lib opencv_imgproc3410.lib opencv_img_hash3410.lib opencv_line_descriptor3410.lib opencv_ml3410.lib opencv_objdetect3410.lib opencv_optflow3410.lib opencv_phase_unwrapping3410.lib opencv_photo3410.lib opencv_plot3410.lib opencv_reg3410.lib opencv_rgbd3410.lib opencv_saliency3410.lib opencv_shape3410.lib opencv_stereo3410.lib opencv_stitching3410.lib opencv_structured_light3410.lib opencv_superres3410.lib opencv_surface_matching3410.lib opencv_text3410.lib opencv_tracking3410.lib opencv_video3410.lib opencv_videoio3410.lib opencv_videostab3410.lib opencv_xfeatures2d3410.lib opencv_ximgproc3410.lib opencv_xobjdetect3410.lib opencv_xphoto3410.lib /EHsc /nologo
    // Debug版本编译命令
    cl 1.cpp opencv_aruco3410d.lib opencv_bgsegm3410d.lib opencv_bioinspired3410d.lib opencv_calib3d3410d.lib opencv_ccalib3410d.lib opencv_core3410d.lib opencv_datasets3410d.lib opencv_dnn3410d.lib opencv_dnn_objdetect3410d.lib opencv_dpm3410d.lib opencv_face3410d.lib opencv_features2d3410d.lib opencv_flann3410d.lib opencv_fuzzy3410d.lib opencv_hfs3410d.lib opencv_highgui3410d.lib opencv_imgcodecs3410d.lib opencv_imgproc3410d.lib opencv_img_hash3410d.lib opencv_line_descriptor3410d.lib opencv_ml3410d.lib opencv_objdetect3410d.lib opencv_optflow3410d.lib opencv_phase_unwrapping3410d.lib opencv_photo3410d.lib opencv_plot3410d.lib opencv_reg3410d.lib opencv_rgbd3410d.lib opencv_saliency3410d.lib opencv_shape3410d.lib opencv_stereo3410d.lib opencv_stitching3410d.lib opencv_structured_light3410d.lib opencv_superres3410d.lib opencv_surface_matching3410d.lib opencv_text3410d.lib opencv_tracking3410d.lib opencv_video3410d.lib opencv_videoio3410d.lib opencv_videostab3410d.lib opencv_xfeatures2d3410d.lib opencv_ximgproc3410d.lib opencv_xobjdetect3410d.lib opencv_xphoto3410d.lib  /EHsc /nologo /MTd
    // 运行
    1.exe

![Release版本运行结果][Release]

![Debug运行结果][Debug]

[OpenCV]: /images/20230528/cf5dfafd79c64e8894c464f5a034d06b.png
[x86 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2019]: /images/20230528/2d002af8fa26429b815947e20e8436e9.png
[VS]: /images/20230528/5a806842f780411a8180cf5df24249ba.png
[OpenCV 1]: /images/20230528/74b0999d5b16465e9c5bbf3725779e56.png
[Release]: /images/20230528/8ff85a0cb79540b7bbc26380276d1db3.png
[Debug]: /images/20230528/1f4781b860cc4839b6bb9f37f717d0ff.png