docker实验室（一）

骑猪看日落 2023-07-24 03:09 10阅读 0赞

[https://www.dazhuanlan.com/2019/12/11/5df0787db7ebb/][https_www.dazhuanlan.com_2019_12_11_5df0787db7ebb]

初次安装，准备一台干净的Linux。可以自建虚拟机，或者去阿里云等各大云计算服务提供商购买，选择按量付费，只需要一个鸡腿钱即可学会安装配置mysql。

# 2.下载 #

俗话说的好，泡最辣的妞，挨最毒的打，学最新的技术。我们下载最新的mysql8.0进行安装。使用wget下载

wget https://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

> \[root@izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz ~\]\# wget [https://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm][https_repo.mysql.com_mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm]
> 
> –2018-12-07 09:21:59– [https://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm][https_repo.mysql.com_mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm]

> Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)… 23.198.138.106  
> Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.198.138.106|:443… connected.
> 
> HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK  
> Length: 25820 (25K) \[application/x-redhat-package-manager\]  
> Saving to: ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm’
> 
> 100%\[===========================================================================================>\] 25,820 –.-K/s in 0s
> 
> 2018-12-07 09:21:59 (197 MB/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm’ saved \[25820/25820\]
> 
> \[root@izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz ~\]\#

# 3.rpm安装 #

rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

> \[root@izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz ~\]\# rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
> 
> warning: mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
> 
> Preparing… \#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\# \[100%\]
> 
> Updating / installing…  
> 1:mysql80-community-release-el7-1 \#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\#\# \[100%\]
> 
> \[root@izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz ~\]\#

# 4.云更新与安装 #

yum update
    yum install mysql-server

等待大概2~3分钟，安装好后先检测mysql安装是否有问题

mysqladmin --version

> \[root@izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz ~\]\# mysqladmin –version
> 
> mysqladmin Ver 8.0.13 for Linux on x86\_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
> 
> \[root@izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz ~\]\#

# 5.启动服务 #

systemctl start mysqld

查看服务状态， Active: active (running)表示成功启动

> \[root@izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz ~\]\# systemctl status mysqld
> 
> ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
> 
> Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
> 
> Active: active (running) since Fri 2018-12-07 09:33:29 CST; 21s ago
> 
>     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
>     
>           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
> 
> Process: 2889 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld\_pre\_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
> 
> Main PID: 2958 (mysqld)
> 
> Status: “SERVER\_OPERATING”
> 
> CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service  
> └─2958 /usr/sbin/mysqld
> 
> Dec 07 09:33:21 izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz systemd\[1\]: Starting MySQL Server…
> 
> Dec 07 09:33:29 izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz systemd\[1\]: Started MySQL Server.
> 
> \[root@izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz ~\]\#

# 6.登录mysql #

尝试直接运行mysql登录

mysql

显示报错

> \[root@izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz ~\]\# mysql
> 
> ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root‘@’localhost’ (using password: NO)

由于错误信息太常见了，只能查看log日志信息

> \[root@izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz ~\]\# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
> 
> 2018-12-07T01:33:21.838041Z 0 \[System\] \[MY-013169\] \[Server\] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server in progress as process 2910
> 
> 2018-12-07T01:33:24.879919Z 5 \[Note\] \[MY-010454\] \[Server\] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: .aYpme(rj5c7
> 
> 2018-12-07T01:33:26.290412Z 0 \[System\] \[MY-013170\] \[Server\] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server has completed
> 
> 2018-12-07T01:33:28.893966Z 0 \[System\] \[MY-010116\] \[Server\] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) starting as process 2958
> 
> 2018-12-07T01:33:29.438704Z 0 \[Warning\] \[MY-010068\] \[Server\] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
> 
> 2018-12-07T01:33:29.459354Z 0 \[System\] \[MY-010931\] \[Server\] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: ‘8.0.13’ socket: ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock’ port: 3306 MySQL Community Server - GPL.
> 
> 2018-12-07T01:33:29.546100Z 0 \[System\] \[MY-011323\] \[Server\] X Plugin ready for connections. Socket: ‘/var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock’ bind-address: ‘::’ port: 33060
> 
> \[root@izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz ~\]\#

日志没有Error错误日志，说明没有错误信息产生，仔细看第二行Note日志 **A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: .aYpme(rj5c7**倒是发现mysql的root用户临时密码一枚，**.aYpme(rj5c7**

尝试用临时密码登录root用户

mysql -u root -p

此处需要键入临时密码

> \[root@izj6chbxeno02a18c5vbmuz ~\]\# mysql -u root -p
> 
> Enter password:
> 
> Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
> 
> Your MySQL connection id is 11
> 
> Server version: 8.0.13
> 
> Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
> 
> Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its  
> affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective  
> owners.
> 
> Type ‘help;’ or ‘h’ for help. Type ‘c’ to clear the current input statement.
> 
> mysql>

可以登录成功，接下来修改root用户密码，以便下次登录使用。

SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('root');

又有报错，让我们检查mysql版本，说sql语法错。

> mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR ‘root‘@’localhost’ = PASSWORD(‘root’);
> 
> ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ‘PASSWORD(‘root’)’ at line 1
> 
> mysql>

不要慌，刷新一下再继续

> mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
> 
> ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

很明显mysql太不友好了，报错提示一个接一个的来，我们只能按照提示用ALTER USER重置密码。

ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY 'root';

继续报错

> mysql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY ‘root’;
> 
> ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
> 
> mysql>

错误信息提示我们，密码不符合当前策略，我们改用复杂密码吧  
尝试一次

> mysql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY ‘root1234’;
> 
> ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

尝试二次

> mysql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY ‘root1234!’;
> 
> ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

尝试三次

> mysql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY ‘abc123456!’;
> 
> ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

好吧，我已经疯了

> mysql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY ‘Difficult\_password\_123’;
> 
> Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
> 
> mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

密码终于成功了，别忘了刷新用户权限FLUSH PRIVILEGES。

# 7.使用 #

用新密码登录

mysql -u root -p

键入新密码登录后，创建数据库，创建数据表，插入数据，查询数据等操作都试试。

> mysql> create database testDB ;
> 
> Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
> 
> mysql> create table t ( a int, b varchar(30) );
> 
> Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
> 
> mysql> insert into t values (1, ‘小王’);
> 
> Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
> 
> mysql> select \* from t;
> 
> \+——+——–+
> 
> | a | b |
> 
> \+——+——–+
> 
> | 1 | 小王 |
> 
> \+——+——–+
> 
> 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
> 
> mysql>

使用起来还是挺方便的，不用配置my.cnf的datadir等参数，也不用担心字库的问题，妥妥的。mysql8.0确实做了许多优化与简化，此次安装mysql是较为顺利的一回。

安装完成后，试试各种功能，然后别忘记了释放实例哦，不然每天都会少个鸡腿钱的啦。

关于MySql及其相关技术文章会持续更新，这是第一篇，欢迎大家关注，点赞，分享，收藏，评论拍砖也可以。

--------------------

# 2019-04-06 更新 mysql登录权限问题 #

\[root@VM\_0\_4\_centos ~\]\# mysql -h 118.126.96.x -uroot -p  
mysql: \[Warning\] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.  
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root‘@’193.112.190.175’ (using password: YES)

异地登录mysql报错，需要生成新用户并设置登录权限。

mysql> CREATE USER 'test'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY     'Difficult_password1234';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
    
    mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'test'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

[https_www.dazhuanlan.com_2019_12_11_5df0787db7ebb]: https://www.dazhuanlan.com/2019/12/11/5df0787db7ebb/
[https_repo.mysql.com_mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm]: https://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm