（12）vue引用echarts

布满荆棘的人生 2023-07-20 12:15 51阅读 0赞

一、引用步骤：

1、先引入echarts库：

如果用的页面比较多，可以在main.js中全局引入echarts库；如果用的页面不多，可以单独引入。这里采用全局引入：

import Vue from 'vue'
    
    import 'normalize.css/normalize.css'// A modern alternative to CSS resets
    
    import ElementUI from 'element-ui'
    import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css'
    import locale from 'element-ui/lib/locale/lang/zh-CN' // lang i18n
    
    import '@/styles/index.scss' // global css
    import App from './App'
    import router from './router'
    import store from './store'
    import '@/icons' // icon
    import '@/permission' // permission control
    import VueJsonp from 'vue-jsonp'
    import echarts from 'echarts'
    Vue.use(VueJsonp)
    
    Vue.use(ElementUI, { locale })
    
    Vue.config.productionTip = false
    Vue.prototype.$echarts = echarts
    new Vue({
      el: '#app',
      router,
      store,
      render: h => h(App)
    })

2、具体图表引用：参数参考echarts官网[https://echarts.apache.org/en/index.html][https_echarts.apache.org_en_index.html]

这里写了几个常用的统计图：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

代码：

<template>
      <div class="container">
        <el-row gutter="5">
          
          <el-col span="6">
            <el-card class="card">
              <div style="height:200px" ref="bar"></div>
            </el-card>
          </el-col>
          
          <el-col span="8">
            <el-card>
              <div style="height:200px;margin-left:0px" ref="line"></div>
            </el-card>
          </el-col>
          
          <el-col span="10">
            <el-card>
              <div style="height:200px;margin-left:0px" ref="pie"></div>
            </el-card>
          </el-col>
        </el-row>
      </div>
    </template>
    <script>
    export default {
      data() {
        return {
          //柱状图
          barList: {
            title: { text: "柱状图" },
            tooltip: {},
            xAxis: {
              data: ["衬衫", "羊毛衫", "雪纺衫", "裤子", "高跟鞋", "袜子"]
            },
            yAxis: {},
            series: [
              {
                name: "销量",
                type: "bar",
                data: [5, 20, 36, 10, 10, 20]
              }
            ]
          },
          //折线图
          lineList: {
            title: { text: "折线图" },
            xAxis: {
              type: "category",
              data: ["Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun"]
            },
            yAxis: {
              type: "value"
            },
            series: [
              {
                data: [820, 932, 901, 934, 1290, 1330, 1320],
                type: "line"
              }
            ]
          },
          //饼图
          pieList: {
            title: {
              text: "饼图",
              subtext: "虚构数据",
              left: "center"
            },
            legend: {
              // orient: 'vertical',
              // top: 'middle',
              bottom: 10,
              data: ["西凉", "益州", "兖州", "荆州", "幽州"]
            },
            series: [
              {
                type: "pie",
                radius: "65%",
                center: ["50%", "50%"],
                selectedMode: "single",
                data: [
                  {
                    value: 1548,
                    name: "幽州",
                    label: {
                      formatter: [
                        "{title|{b}}{abg|}",
                        "  {weatherHead|天气}{valueHead|天数}{rateHead|占比}",
                        "{hr|}",
                        "  {Sunny|}{value|202}{rate|55.3%}",
                        "  {Cloudy|}{value|142}{rate|38.9%}",
                        "  {Showers|}{value|21}{rate|5.8%}"
                      ].join("\n"),
                      backgroundColor: "#eee",
                      borderColor: "#777",
                      borderWidth: 1,
                      borderRadius: 4,
                      rich: {
                        title: {
                          color: "#eee",
                          align: "center"
                        },
                        abg: {
                          backgroundColor: "#333",
                          width: "100%",
                          align: "right",
                          height: 25,
                          borderRadius: [4, 4, 0, 0]
                        },
                        Sunny: {
                          height: 30,
                          align: "left",
                          backgroundColor: {
                            //image: weatherIcons.Sunny
                          }
                        },
                        Cloudy: {
                          height: 30,
                          align: "left",
                          backgroundColor: {
                            //image: weatherIcons.Cloudy
                          }
                        },
                        Showers: {
                          height: 30,
                          align: "left",
                          backgroundColor: {
                            //image: weatherIcons.Showers
                          }
                        },
                        weatherHead: {
                          color: "#333",
                          height: 24,
                          align: "left"
                        },
                        hr: {
                          borderColor: "#777",
                          width: "100%",
                          borderWidth: 0.5,
                          height: 0
                        },
                        value: {
                          width: 20,
                          padding: [0, 20, 0, 30],
                          align: "left"
                        },
                        valueHead: {
                          color: "#333",
                          width: 20,
                          padding: [0, 20, 0, 30],
                          align: "center"
                        },
                        rate: {
                          width: 40,
                          align: "right",
                          padding: [0, 10, 0, 0]
                        },
                        rateHead: {
                          color: "#333",
                          width: 40,
                          align: "center",
                          padding: [0, 10, 0, 0]
                        }
                      }
                    }
                  },
                  { value: 535, name: "荆州" },
                  { value: 510, name: "兖州" },
                  { value: 634, name: "益州" },
                  { value: 735, name: "西凉" }
                ],
                emphasis: {
                  itemStyle: {
                    shadowBlur: 10,
                    shadowOffsetX: 0,
                    shadowColor: "rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5)"
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        };
      },
      mounted() {
        this.initCharts();
      },
      methods: {
        initCharts() {
          //柱状图
          let bar = this.$echarts.init(this.$refs.bar);
          bar.setOption(this.barList);
          //折线图
          let line = this.$echarts.init(this.$refs.line);
          line.setOption(this.lineList);
          //饼图
          let pie = this.$echarts.init(this.$refs.pie);
          pie.setOption(this.pieList);
        }
      }
    };
    </script>
    <style scoped>
    .container {
      height: 100%;
      width: 100%;
      margin: 0 0;
    }
    .card {
      margin-left: 0px;
    }
    </style>

二、动态加载echarts图表数据常见问题：

1、注意如果是从后台获取数据渲染，需要写高度和宽度，否则图表可能不展示

<template>
      <div class="container">
       <el-col>
                      <div ref="pie" class="pie-div" ></div>
                    </el-col>
      </div>
    </template>
    
    <script>
    
    export default {
      name: 'schoolProductOverviewInfo',
      props: {
       
        schoolProjectsList: {
          required: true,
          type: Array
        }
      },
      data() {
        return {
          pieChart: '',
          //饼图
          pieData: {
            graphic: [
              {
                //环形图中间添加文字
                type: 'text', //通过不同top值可以设置上下显示
                left: 'center',
                top: '45%',
                style: {
                  text: '',
                  textAlign: 'center',
                  fill: 'black', //文字的颜色
                  width: 30,
                  height: 30,
                  fontSize: 30,
                  fontFamily: 'Microsoft YaHei'
                }
              }
            ],
            series: [
              {
                name: '项目饼图',
                type: 'pie',
                radius: ['55%', '100%'],
                avoidLabelOverlap: false,
                label: {
                  normal: {
                    position: 'inside',
                    show: true, //控制显隐
                    textStyle: {
                      color: '#F2F2F2',
                      fontSize: 10
                    }
                  }
                },
                emphasis: {
                  label: {
                    show: true,
                    fontSize: '20',
                    fontWeight: 'bold'
                  }
                },
                labelLine: {
                  show: false
                },
                color: [],
                data: []
              }
            ]
          }
        };
      },
      created() {
        this.initProjectPieData();
      },
      mounted() {
        setTimeout(() => {
          this.initCharts();
        }, 500);
      },
    
      methods: {
     initCharts() {
          let pie = this.$echarts.init(this.$refs.pie);
          this.pieChart = pie;
          pie.setOption(this.pieData, true);
        },
        //计算数据
        initProjectPieData() {
          let pieDataList = [];
          let colorList = [];
          let color = '';
          let pieData = {};
          //0项目1,1项目2,2项目3,3项目4,4项目5
          for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            var projects = this.schoolProjectsList.filter(item => {
              return item.projectStatus === i + '';
            });
            let name = '';
            if (i === 0) {
              name = '项目1';
              color = '#C6D9F1';
            } else if (i === 1) {
              name = '项目2';
              color = '#558ED5';
            } else if (i === 2) {
              name = '项目3';
              color = '#F79646';
            } else if (i === 3) {
              name = '项目4';
              color = '#D3D3D3';
            } else if (i === 4) {
              name = '项目5';
              color = '#00bfbf';
            }
            if (projects.length > 0) {
              pieData = { value: projects.length, name: name + ' ' + projects.length };
              pieDataList.push(pieData);
              colorList.push(color);
            }
          }
          this.pieData.series[0].data = pieDataList;
          this.pieData.color = colorList;
          if (this.schoolProjectsList.length > 0) {
            this.pieData.graphic[0].style.text = this.schoolProjectsList.length;
          }
        }
      }
    };
    </script>
    
    <style scoped lang="less">
    .pie-div {
                height: 200px;
                width: 200px;
                margin: 0px;
              }
    </style>

2、数据异步获取图表不渲染：动态加载，由于数据是从后台异步获取的，如果响应比较慢而echarts先初始化了可能会导致页面为空不渲染新数据，解决方法：

（1）方法一：在created钩子函数中获取数据，在mounted中延迟初始化echarts：如我这里延迟了500ms，差不多等数据已经响应了再初始化echarts

mounted() {
        setTimeout(() => {
          this.initCharts();
        }, 500);
      },

（2）方法二：加入watch监听，监听option数据，注意一开始需要给option的data赋值（为\[\]），否则监听option不会监听data属性：

<template>
        <div class="container">
            <el-row :gutter="20">
    		  
              <el-col :span="4" :offset="1">
                <div ref="userTypePie" class="pie-div" ></div>
              </el-col>
    		  
              <el-col :span="8" :offset="1">
                <div ref="userLevel" class="level-div" ></div>
              </el-col>
    		  
              <el-col :span="4" :offset="1">
                <div ref="userSourcePie" class="pie-div" ></div>
              </el-col>
            </el-row >
        </div>
    </template>
    <script>
    export default {
      data() {
        return {
          userTypePie: '',
          userLevel: '',
          userSourcePie: '',
          userTypePieData: {
            title: {
              text: '用户类型',
              left: 'center'
            },
            tooltip: {
              trigger: 'item',
              formatter: '{b}, {c}, {d}%'
            },
            series: [
              {
                name: '',
                type: 'pie',
                radius: '65%',
                center: ['50%', '50%'],
                selectedMode: 'single',
                label: {
                  normal: {
                    position: 'inside',
                    show: true,
                    textStyle: {
                      color: '#F2F2F2',
                      fontSize: 10
                    }
                  }
                },
                data: [
                  {
                    value: 1548,
                    name: '幽州'
                  },
                  { value: 535, name: '荆州' },
                  { value: 510, name: '兖州' },
                  { value: 634, name: '益州' },
                  { value: 735, name: '西凉' }
                ],
                emphasis: {
                  itemStyle: {
                    shadowBlur: 10,
                    shadowOffsetX: 0,
                    shadowColor: 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5)'
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          },
          userLevelData: {
            title: {
              text: '用户定级',
              left: 'center'
            },
            xAxis: {
              type: 'category',
              data: [ 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D']
            },
            yAxis: {
              type: 'value'
            },
            series: [
              {
                data: [],
                type: 'bar',
                showBackground: true,
                backgroundStyle: {
                  color: 'rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.8)'
                }
              }
            ]
          },
          userSourcePieData: {
            title: {
              text: '用户来源',
              left: 'center'
            },
            tooltip: {
              trigger: 'item',
              formatter: '{a} <br/>{b} : {c} ({d}%)'
            },
            series: [
              {
                name: '',
                type: 'pie',
                radius: '65%',
                center: ['50%', '50%'],
                selectedMode: 'single',
                label: {
                  normal: {
                    position: 'inside',
                    show: true,
                    textStyle: {
                      color: '#F2F2F2',
                      fontSize: 10
                    }
                  }
                },
                data: [
                  {
                    value: 1548,
                    name: '幽州'
                  },
                  { value: 535, name: '荆州' },
                  { value: 510, name: '兖州' },
                  { value: 634, name: '益州' },
                  { value: 735, name: '西凉' }
                ],
                emphasis: {
                  itemStyle: {
                    shadowBlur: 10,
                    shadowOffsetX: 0,
                    shadowColor: 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5)'
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        };
      },
      created() {
        this.getBaseUserInfo();
      },
      mounted() {
        this.initCharts();
      },
    
      methods: {
        getBaseUserInfo() {
          this.$api['user/getUserInfo']({}).then(data => {
            let userLevelMap = data.userLevelMap;
            let userLevelData = [];
            userLevelData.push(userLevelMap['A'].length);
            userLevelData.push(userLevelMap['B'].length);
            userLevelData.push(userLevelMap['C'].length);
            userLevelData.push(userLevelMap['D'].length);
            this.userLevelData.series[0].data = userLevelData;
          });
        },
       
        initCharts() {
          //类型饼图
          this.userTypePie = this.$echarts.init(this.$refs.userTypePie);
          this.userTypePie.setOption(this.userTypePieData, true);
          //定级折线图
          this.userLevel = this.$echarts.init(this.$refs.userLevel);
          this.userLevel.setOption(this.userLevelData, true);
          //来源饼图
          this.userSourcePie = this.$echarts.init(this.$refs.userSourcePie);
          this.userSourcePie.setOption(this.userSourcePieData, true);
        }
      },
      watch: {
        userLevelData: {
          handler(newVal, oldVal) {
            if (this.userLevel) {
              if (newVal) {
                this.userLevel.setOption(newVal);
              } else {
                this.userLevel.setOption(oldVal);
              }
            } else {
    		  //如果写了immediate: true,下面的代码需要去掉，因为vue初始化生命周期获取不到DOM
              // this.userLevel = this.$echarts.init(this.$refs.userLevel);
              // this.userLevel.setOption(this.userLevelData, true);
            }
          },
          immediate: true,
          deep: true
        }
      }
    };
    </script>
    
    <style lang="less" scoped>
    .container {
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
      height: 100%;
      width: 100%;
      .level-div {
          height: 250px;
          width: 300px;
          margin: 0px;
        }
       .pie-div {
          height: 200px;
          width: 200px;
          margin: 0px;
        }
    }
    </style>

三、echarts图表宽度自适应问题：

1、上面说了，如果是从后台获取数据渲染，需要写高度和宽度，否则图表可能不展示。但是宽度写死了，浏览器窗口大小改变会使echarts图表显的很挤或者很空，解决方法：css设置高度，宽度写100%，浏览器窗口改变时，在windows.onresize中重置图表大小达到自适应。

<template>
        <div class="container">
            <el-row :gutter="20">
    		  
              <el-col :span="4" :offset="1">
                <div ref="userTypePie" class="pie-div" ></div>
              </el-col>
    		  
              <el-col :span="8" :offset="1">
                <div ref="userLevel" class="level-div" ></div>
              </el-col>
    		  
              <el-col :span="4" :offset="1">
                <div ref="userSourcePie" class="pie-div" ></div>
              </el-col>
            </el-row >
        </div>
    </template>
    
    <script>
      ......
      mounted() {
        //类型饼图
          this.userTypePie = this.$echarts.init(this.$refs.userTypePie);
          this.userTypePie.setOption(this.userTypePieData, true);
          //定级折线图
          this.userLevel = this.$echarts.init(this.$refs.userLevel);
          this.userLevel.setOption(this.userLevelData, true);
          //来源饼图
          this.userSourcePie = this.$echarts.init(this.$refs.userSourcePie);
          this.userSourcePie.setOption(this.userSourcePieData, true);
          //宽度自适应
           window.onresize = () => {
             this.userTypePie.resize();
             this.userLevel .resize();
             this.userSourcePie .resize();
          };
    
      },
    </script>
    
    
    <style lang="less" scoped>
    .container {
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
      height: 100%;
      width: 100%;
      .pie-div {
            height: 250px;
            width: 100%;
            margin: 0px;
          }
          .level-div {
            height: 250px;
            width: 100%;
            margin: 0px;
          }
    }
    </style>

2、一个页面有多个图表，resize()方法只生效一个，解决方法：在使用window.onresize监听窗口变化时，要使用DOM二级绑定方式：addEventListener方式。将window.onresize改为window.addEventListener，如：

window.addEventListener("resize",()=>{
         brokenLine.resize();
     });

3、图表宽度设置为100%，实际渲染为100px问题，解决方法：

<div class="container" id="container" ref="container">
        <div ref="gaugeChart" class="gauge-div" id="gaugeChart"></div>
      </div>
    
    
    
     
    
    mounted() {
        this.initCharts();
      },
     methods: {
        resizeGaugeWidth() {
          //宽度
          // let outWidth = document.getElementById('container').clientWidth;
          let outWidth = this.$refs.container.clientWidth;
          console.info('宽度:' + outWidth);
          this.$refs.gaugeChart.style.width = outWidth + 'px';
        },
        initCharts() {
          this.resizeGaugeWidth();
          this.gaugeChart = this.$echarts.init(this.$refs.gaugeChart);
          this.gaugeChart.setOption(this.gaugeOption, true);
          //宽度自适应
          window.addEventListener('resize', () => {
            this.resizeGaugeWidth();
            this.gaugeChart.resize();
          });
        }
      }
    
    
    
    
    .container {
      .gauge-div {
        height: 150px;
        width: 100%;
        margin: 0px;
        display: inline;
      }
    }

强制赋值宽度：

[https_echarts.apache.org_en_index.html]: https://echarts.apache.org/en/index.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dfdF95X3k_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20230528/14ad586af3634cc98a241a52bdc0ad58.png