centos7 + mysql5.7 tar包解压安装

Myth丶恋晨 2023-07-19 04:57 2阅读 0赞

### 开始之前我要介绍一下 ###

**本次演练安装的mysql 版本是：mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64**

**我服务器的环境如下：**

![20190530142513222.png][]

**还有一点，你一定要拿到root权限。**

**下面我们正式开始**

**第一步：下载  
 两种方式**

**一、**

**进入官网 https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html\#downloads**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwMzM4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]**上图显示第一个是二进制源码包，第二个是二进制测试包，第三个是源码包。我们选择第一个  
二进制版本的mysql是已经编译好的，无需 configure ，make make install 等步骤，只需配置一下即可使用，卸载也方便，直接删除即可。可以自行调整编译参数，最大化地定制安装结果。**

**下载之后，通过上传的方式上传到你服务器指定的目录即可**

** **

**二、  **

** 在你要放置安装包的目录下执行**

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

**第二步：解压并移动  
首先说一下，移动不是必须的，但是我后面的配置里有指定文件目录，并且在Mac上安装mysql 默认也会放到 /usr/local ，所有最好按我的来。**

**解压**

**tar -xvf mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64.tar.gz   
 **

**移动**

**mv mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64 /usr/local/  
 **

**改名（改名和软连接，二选一）**

** mv mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64/ mysql-5.7.29  
想弄软连接命令 ： **

**ln -s mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86\_64/  mysql-5.7.29  
 **

**第三步：创建 用户，并给数据目录赋予权限  
创建mysql组和用户**

**groupadd mysql  
useradd -r -g mysql mysql**

创建mysq数据目录

回到根目录

1.  `cd /`
2.  `mkdir -p data`
3.  `cd data/`
4.  `mkdir -p mysql`

赋予权限

chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql

**\#卸载系统自带的Mariadb  
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~\]\# rpm -qa|grep mariadb  
mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86\_64  
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~\]\# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86\_64**

**\#删除etc目录下的my.cnf文件**

**\[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~\]\# rm /etc/my.cnf  
rm: cannot remove ?etc/my.cnf? No such file or directory**

**\#检查mysql是否存在  
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~\]\# rpm -qa | grep mysql  
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~\]\# **

**\#检查mysql组和用户是否存在，如无创建  
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~\]\# cat /etc/group | grep mysql   
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~\]\#  cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql**

**\#创建mysql用户组  
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~\]\# groupadd mysql  
\#创建一个用户名为mysql的用户并加入mysql用户组  
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~\]\# useradd -g mysql mysql  
\#制定password 为111111  
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~\]\# passwd mysql  
Changing password for user mysql.  
New password:   
BAD PASSWORD: The password is a palindrome  
Retype new password:   
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.**

**\#由于我的/usr/local空间不足，所以我安装到/var  
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs var\]\# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86\_64.tar.gz   
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs var\]\# mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86\_64/ mysql57**

**\#更改所属的组和用户  
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs var\]\# chown -R mysql mysql57/  
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs var\]\# chgrp -R mysql mysql57/  
\[root@hdp265dnsnfs var\]\# cd mysql57/**

**\[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57\]\# mkdir data**

**\[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57\]\# chown -R mysql:mysql data**

在etc下新建配置文件my.cnf，并在该文件内添加以下配置

[mysql]
    # 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
    default-character-set=utf8 
    [mysqld]
    skip-name-resolve
    #设置3306端口
    port = 3306 
    # 设置mysql的安装目录
    basedir=/var/mysql57
    # 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
    datadir=/var/mysql57/data
    # 允许最大连接数
    max_connections=200
    # 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
    character-set-server=utf8
    # 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
    default-storage-engine=INNODB 
    lower_case_table_names=1
    max_allowed_packet=16M

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/var/mysql57/ --datadir=/var/mysql57/data/
    2017-04-17 17:40:02 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
    2017-04-17 17:40:05 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
    2017-04-17 17:40:05 [WARNING] 2017-04-17T09:40:02.728710Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
    2017-04-17T09:40:02.729161Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
    2017-04-17T09:40:02.729167Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 407 (requested 2000)

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chown 777 /etc/my.cnf 
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
    Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
    Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
    
    #设置开机启动
    
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --list mysqld
    
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --add mysqld
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --list mysqld
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# service mysqld status
     SUCCESS! MySQL running (4475)

etc/profile/

export PATH=$PATH:/var/mysql57/bin
    
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# source /etc/profile

[root@hdp265dnsnfs bin]# cat /root/.mysql_secret  
    # Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2017-04-17 17:40:02 
    _pB*3VZl5T<6

[root@hdp265dnsnfs bin]# mysql -uroot -p
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 5
    Server version: 5.7.18
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql> set PASSWORD = PASSWORD('111111');
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> flush privileges;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> use mysql
    Reading table information for completion of table and column names
    You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
    
    Database changed
    
    mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
    
    mysql> select host,user from user;
    +-----------+-----------+
    | host      | user      |
    +-----------+-----------+
    | %         | root      |
    | localhost | mysql.sys |
    +-----------+-----------+
    rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
    
    create user 'xxx'@'%' identified by '123';  这里 @‘%’ 表示在任何主机都可以登录

重启生效
    
    /bin/systemctl restart  mysql.service
    
    [root@hdp265dnsnfs bin]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart 
    Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
    Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

为了在任何目录下可以登录mysql

ln -s /var/mysql57/bin/mysql   /usr/bin/mysql

[20190530142513222.png]: /images/20230528/9028b41a28cb4112bf75a2f2229b1e3c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODAwMzM4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20230528/1dd04a0851a349d18c2ccd409c8105f0.png