Android 图形图像处理技术

短命女 2023-07-15 04:54 44阅读 0赞

## 一、画笔和画布的使用。 ##

画笔：Paint类  
画布：Canvas类。

画笔的作用：设置颜色、透明度、画笔粗细、填充样式等。  
画布的作用：改变画布颜色、尺寸等。

绘图的基本步骤：自定义View添加到Activity中。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
**实例：画一个矩形。**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
**MyView自定义类**

package com.example.asus.demo;
    
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.graphics.Canvas;
    import android.graphics.Paint;
    import android.view.View;
    
    /** * Created by Asus on 2020/3/15. */
    public class MyView extends View { 
        public MyView(Context context) { 
            super(context);
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { 
            super.onDraw(canvas);
            Paint paint=new Paint();
            //设置画笔颜色，默认颜色完全透明，0X后加FF则为不透明
            paint.setColor(0xFFFF6600);
            //设置填充样式
            paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
            //设置画布尺寸，1，2参数为左上角坐标，3,4为右下角坐标，5为画笔。
            //绘制矩形
            canvas.drawRect(10,10,280,150,paint);
    
        }
    }

**MainActivity.java文件**

package com.example.asus.demo;
    
    import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.widget.FrameLayout;
    
    public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity { 
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            FrameLayout frameLayout= (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.framelayout);
            frameLayout.addView(new MyView(this));
        }
    }

## 二、绘制几何图形 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
其他文件略，  
**MyView.java自定义类**

package com.example.asus.demo2;
    
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.graphics.Canvas;
    import android.graphics.Paint;
    import android.graphics.RectF;
    import android.view.View;
    
    /** * Created by Asus on 2020/3/15. */
    public class MyView extends View{ 
        public MyView(Context context) { 
            super(context);
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { 
            super.onDraw(canvas);
            //绘制机器人
            Paint paint=new Paint();
            //采用抗锯齿功能
            paint.setAntiAlias(true);
            //设置颜色
            paint.setColor(0xFFA4C739);
            //绘制头
            //定义外轮廓矩形
            RectF rectF=new RectF(10,10,100,100);
            //调整头的位置
            rectF.offset(90, 20);
            //绘制弧
            canvas.drawArc(rectF, -10, -160, false, paint);
            //绘制眼镜和天线
            paint.setColor(0xFFFFFFFF);
            canvas.drawCircle(165, 53, 4, paint);
            canvas.drawCircle(125, 53, 4, paint);
            //设置笔触的宽度
            paint.setStrokeWidth(2);
            paint.setColor(0xFFA4C739);
            canvas.drawLine(110, 20, 130, 35, paint);
            canvas.drawLine(180,20,160,35,paint);
            //画身体
            //画矩形
            canvas.drawRect(100,75,190,150,paint);
            //画圆角矩形。
            RectF rectF1=new RectF(100,140,190,160);
            canvas.drawRoundRect(rectF1, 10, 10, paint);
            //画胳膊
            RectF rectF2=new RectF(75,75,95,140);
            canvas.drawRoundRect(rectF2,10,10,paint);
            rectF2.offset(120,0);
            canvas.drawRoundRect(rectF2,10,10,paint);
            //画腿
            RectF rectF3=new RectF(115,150,135,200);
            canvas.drawRoundRect(rectF3,10,10,paint);
            rectF3.offset(40, 0);
            canvas.drawRoundRect(rectF3, 10, 10, paint);
        }
    }

## 三、绘制文本 ##

游戏对白：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
其他略。  
**MyView自定义类**

package com.example.asus.demo3;
    
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.graphics.Canvas;
    import android.graphics.Paint;
    import android.view.View;
    
    /** * Created by Asus on 2020/3/15. */
    public class MyView extends View { 
        public MyView(Context context) { 
            super(context);
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { 
            super.onDraw(canvas);
            //绘制对白
            Paint paint=new Paint();
            paint.setColor(0xFF000000);
            paint.setAntiAlias(true);
            //文字左对齐
            paint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.LEFT);
            //字体大小
            paint.setTextSize(12);
            canvas.drawText("一起玩吗？",175,180,paint);
            canvas.drawText("好的？",175,150,paint);
        }
    }

## 四、绘制图片 ##

1、创建位图对象。  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200315154245852.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]

2、显示位图  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]

**实例：显示位图，该图片位于sd卡中**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]  
其他略  
**MyView自定义类**

package com.example.asus.demo4;
    
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.graphics.Bitmap;
    import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
    import android.graphics.Canvas;
    import android.graphics.Paint;
    import android.os.Environment;
    import android.view.View;
    
    /** * Created by Asus on 2020/3/15. */
    public class MyView extends View { 
        public MyView(Context context) { 
            super(context);
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { 
            super.onDraw(canvas);
            Paint paint=new Paint();
            paint.setColor(0xFFFFFFFF);
            //提前将图片放入sd卡
            //获取文件路径
            String path= Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/b.jpg";
            //创建位图对象
            Bitmap bitmap=BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path);
            canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap,0,0,paint);
    
        }
    }

**实例：挖取一块图像**  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

//在上面的onDraw后添加：
            Bitmap bitmap1=Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap,23,89,150,168);
            canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap1,270,50,paint);

## 四、绘制路径 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]  
1、创建路劲：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]  
**创建之后是看不到他的**  
2、路径的体现形式（使其显示）

*  绘制路径
 *  绘制绕路径的文字  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]

## 五、逐帧动画 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]  
**实例：通过逐帧动画实现人走路**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]  
步骤：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]  
创建动画资源文件：先创建anim目录，在创建xml文件![在这里插入图片描述][20200315170948761.png]  
**fairy.xml**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <animation-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
        
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/d1" android:duration="60"/>
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/d2" android:duration="60"/>
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/d3" android:duration="60"/>
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/d4" android:duration="60"/>
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/d5" android:duration="60"/>
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/d6" android:duration="60"/>
    </animation-list>

**使用动画资源文件，将其设置为background。  
activity\_main.xml**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:id="@+id/li"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
        android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
        android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
        android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
        android:background="@anim/fairy"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        tools:context="com.example.asus.demo6.MainActivity">
        
    </LinearLayout>

**控制动画开始与停止  
MainActvity.java**

package com.example.asus.demo6;
    
    import android.graphics.drawable.AnimationDrawable;
    import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.widget.LinearLayout;
    
    public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity { 
        //记录播放状态
        private boolean flag=true;
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            LinearLayout linearLayout= (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.li);
            //获取动画Drawable资源
            final AnimationDrawable anim= (AnimationDrawable) linearLayout.getBackground();
            linearLayout.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { 
                @Override
                public void onClick(View view) { 
                    if(flag)
                    { 
                        anim.start();
                        flag=false;
                    }
                    else
                    { 
                        anim.stop();
                        flag=true;
                    }
    
    
                }
            });
        }
    }

**实例：实现淡入淡出的补间动画**  
步骤：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20230529/ffcd816eefe64592b4218c97d137762d.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20230529/3cf155289cad4f4dbeb6783a095f6fc6.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20230529/f1345c85bf204dd7904c1fc49c755ca0.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20230529/3b828435778e47238b6e3dcf3402e681.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20230529/a10f289404784a2bbcd7290c373ea7cd.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80Mzc4Njc1Ng_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20230529/9c3de16c49c54bbb869e569e766e18cb.png
[20200315154245852.png]: /images/20230529/5f22bcf1f26646c59faaf4710f17bf00.png
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[20200315170948761.png]: /images/20230529/57c8a09d11b944c78643f47ab7980ef4.png
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