Centos7 单节点上安装kubernetes-dashboard过程

布满荆棘的人生 2023-07-12 14:56 17阅读 0赞

# Centos7 单节点上安装kubernetes-dashboard过程 #

在不久前已经有配置过Kubernetes的实验，但是昨天在配置Kubernetes时并安装kubernetes-dashboard就有点异常。导致摸不着头脑，感觉头脑不好使了。还是喜欢那句话：Do one thing at a time, and do it well! 同时间考虑太多事情导致没有把一件事做好。今天再次把实验跑一通，先在单节点上。

系统：Centos7.2  
1、配置yum源：

cat >/etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo<<-EOF 
    [virt7-docker-common-release] 
    name=virt7-docker-common-release 
    baseurl=http://cbs.centos.org/repos/virt7-docker-common-release/x86_64/os/ 
    gpgcheck=0 
    EOF

2、查看当前yum里的Kubernetes版本：

[root@k8s ~]# yum info kubernetes 
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror 
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile 
     * base: mirrors.cn99.com 
     * epel: mirror01.idc.hinet.net 
     * extras: mirrors.163.com 
     * updates: mirrors.cn99.com 
    Installed Packages 
    Name        : kubernetes 
    Arch        : x86_64 
    Version     : 1.5.2 
    Release     : 0.6.gitd33fd89.el7 
    Size        : 0.0   
    Repo        : installed 
    From repo   : extras 
    Summary     : Container cluster management 
    URL         : k8s.io/kubernetes 
    License     : ASL 2.0 
    Description : Container cluster management

3、安装所需要的包：

yum -y install --enablerepo=virt7-docker-common-release kubernetes etcd

4、配置文件的修改：  
a)修改配置文件：/etc/sysconfig/docker  
添加下面一行，使用内网仓库：

ADD_REGISTRY='--add-registry reg.docker.lc'

b)修改配置文件：/etc/kubernetes/apiserver

KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0"     #这里把127.0.0.1改成0.0.0.0 
    
    KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,Security 
    ContextDeny,ResourceQuota"

去掉ServiceAccount即可；

5、查看docker的版本：\[上面命令并没有加入docker，但它却自动安装了\]

[root@k8s ~]# docker version 
    Client: 
     Version:         1.12.6 
     API version:     1.24 
     Package version: docker-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64 
     Go version:      go1.7.4 
     Git commit:      1398f24/1.12.6 
     Built:           Fri May 26 17:28:18 2017 
     OS/Arch:         linux/amd64 
    Cannot connect to the Docker daemon. Is the docker daemon running on this hos

6、 把服务添加到启动项，并启动服务：

for SERVICE in docker etcd kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kube-proxy kubelet; do  
    
        systemctl start $SERVICE 
        systemctl enable $SERVICE 
    
    done

7、验证安装成果：

当前主机上没有任何镜像，接下来我们创建一个pod实例；

[root@k8s ~]# docker images 
    REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

利用Nginx.yaml配置文件创建一个实例：

[root@k8s ~]# kubectl create -f Nginx.yaml
    replicationcontroller "nginx-controller" created 
    service "nginx-service" created

等待一下。。。。再查看当前系统中的镜像时就出现两个镜像了，它都是从内网的仓库里下载的；

[root@k8s ~]# docker images 
    REPOSITORY                               TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE 
    reg.docker.lc/share/pod-infrastructure   latest              be92a7c78132        3 weeks ago         205.2 MB 
    reg.docker.lc/share/nginx                latest              05a60462f8ba        7 months ago        181.4 MB

查看pod实例分配的Ip地址；

[root@k8s ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide 
    
    NAME                     READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP           NODE 
    
    nginx-controller-4l0wf   1/1       Running   0          12m       172.17.0.2   k8s

查看Kubetnetes里的service\[简写svc\]，可以看到指定了外网IP地址：10.0.10.10

[root@k8s ~]# kubectl get svc 
    
    NAME            CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)    AGE 
    
    kubernetes      10.254.0.1     <none>        443/TCP    35m 
    nginx-service   10.254.57.16   10.0.10.10    8000/TCP   10s

查看nginx服务的状态：

[root@k8s ~]# curl -I 10.0.10.10:8000 
    
    HTTP/1.1 200 OK 
    Server: nginx/1.11.5 
    Date: Sat, 10 Jun 2017 11:30:41 GMT 
    Content-Type: text/html 
    Content-Length: 612 
    Last-Modified: Tue, 11 Oct 2016 15:03:01 GMT 
    Connection: keep-alive 
    ETag: "57fcff25-264" 
    Accept-Ranges: bytes

这样单节点的Kubernetes就已经跑起来了，接下来就是安装kubernetes-dashboard ，下载kubernetes-dashboard.yaml文件，修改一下即可；

cat >kubernetes-dashboard.yaml<<-EOF 
    kind: Deployment 
    apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 
    metadata: 
      labels: 
        app: kubernetes-dashboard 
      name: kubernetes-dashboard 
      namespace: kube-system 
    spec: 
      replicas: 1 
      selector: 
        matchLabels: 
          app: kubernetes-dashboard 
      template: 
        metadata: 
          labels: 
            app: kubernetes-dashboard 
          # Comment the following annotation if Dashboard must not be deployed on master 
          annotations: 
            scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/tolerations: | 
              [ 
                { 
                  "key": "dedicated", 
                  "operator": "Equal", 
                  "value": "master", 
                  "effect": "NoSchedule" 
                } 
              ] 
        spec: 
          containers: 
          - name: kubernetes-dashboard 
            image: reg.docker.lc/share/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.5.1      #默认的镜像是使用google的，这里改成内网 
            imagePullPolicy: Always 
            ports: 
            - containerPort: 9090 
              protocol: TCP 
            args: 
              # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host 
              # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect 
              # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work. 
              - --apiserver-host=http://10.0.10.10:8080    #注意这里是api的地址 
            livenessProbe: 
              httpGet: 
                path: / 
                port: 9090 
              initialDelaySeconds: 30 
              timeoutSeconds: 30 
    --- 
    kind: Service 
    apiVersion: v1 
    metadata: 
      labels: 
        app: kubernetes-dashboard 
      name: kubernetes-dashboard 
      namespace: kube-system 
    spec: 
      type: NodePort 
      ports: 
      - port: 80 
        targetPort: 9090 
      selector: 
        app: kubernetes-dashboard 
    
    EOF

创建实例：

[root@k8s ~]# kubectl create -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

查看是否成功运行：

[root@k8s ~]# kubectl get pods --all-namespaces  
    
    NAMESPACE     NAME                                    READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE 
    
    default       nginx-controller-6n19x                  1/1       Running   0          9m 
    
    kube-system   kubernetes-dashboard-2079301569-0qzdv   1/1       Running   0          12m

启动成功就可以打开网页看到效果啦：

![format_png][]

如果出现错误：如Error或者ImagePullBackOff问题时就要看日志啦；

[root@k8s ~]# kubectl logs -f kubernetes-dashboard-4291928047-5x372 --namespace=kube-system  
    Using HTTP port: 9090 
    Using apiserver-host location: http://10.0.10.10.:8080 
    Creating API server client for http://10.0.10.10.:8080 
    Error while initializing connection to Kubernetes apiserver. This most likely means that the cluster is misconfigured (e.g., it has invalid apiserver certificates or service accounts configuration) or the --apiserver-host param points to a server that does not exist. Reason: Get http://10.0.10.10.:8080/version: dial tcp: lookup 10.0.10.10.: invalid domain name 
    Refer to the troubleshooting guide for more information: https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/blob/master/docs/user-guide/troubleshooting.md

这个错误真是太低级了，所以说配置要认真检查，不然会搞死自己。tcp: lookup 10.0.10.10.: invalid domain name 就是IP地址后面多了一个’.’

附上中途遇到的问题：

[root@docker-ce ~]# kubectl create -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml  
    
    Error from server (AlreadyExists): error when creating "kubernetes-dashboard.yaml": deployments.extensions "kubernetes-dashboard" already exists 
    Error from server (AlreadyExists): error when creating "kubernetes-dashboard.yaml": services "kubernetes-dashboard" already exists

上面说到services kubernetes-dashboard已经存在了，但是这个在kubectl get services 是看不到的，用下边的方法，看到一个状态是异常的ImagePullBackOff；

[root@docker-ce ~]# kubectl get pod --all-namespaces 
    
    NAMESPACE     NAME                                    READY     STATUS             RESTARTS   AGE 
    
    kube-system   kubernetes-dashboard-1007002191-m85x1   0/1       ImagePullBackOff   0          16m

所以这样也是无法删除的：

[root@docker-ce ~]# kubectl delete namespace kube-system  
    
    Error from server (Forbidden): namespaces "kube-system" is forbidden: this namespace may not be deleted

可以通过这样删除：

[root@docker-ce ~]# kubectl delete -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml 
    
    deployment "kubernetes-dashboard" deleted 
    service "kubernetes-dashboard" deleted

[format_png]: https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuNThqYi5jb20vdXBsb2Fkcy8xNzA2MTAvMV8xNTQxNDFfMS5qcGc?x-oss-process=image/format,png