lnmp架构（六）——nginx+tomcat实现负载均衡

小咪咪 2023-07-12 03:56 2阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  一、nginx+tomcat实现负载均衡

# 一、nginx+tomcat实现负载均衡 #

在上一篇博客中，我们已经实现了客户端访问动态页面，现在我们来实现负载均衡

**实验环境**

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>主机（版本：ip）</th> 
   <th>功用</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>虚拟机server1（rhel7.3：172.25.2.1）</td> 
   <td>lnmp环境主机</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>虚拟机server2（rhel7.3：172.25.2.2）</td> 
   <td>tomcat1服务器</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>虚拟机server2（rhel7.3：172.25.2.3）</td> 
   <td>tomcat2服务器</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>真机（rhel7.3：172.25.2.250）</td> 
   <td>测试机</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**实验原理  
nginx作为反向代理服务器，转发多个tomcat服务器，实现负载均衡。**

**配置后端tomcat服务器，实现动态访问**

**在server2和server3中（做相同的操作）：**

step1 解压安装包到指定目录/usr/local/：

tar zxf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
    tar zxf apache-tomcat-7.0.99.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
    cd /usr/local/
    ls
    ln -s jdk1.7.0_79/ java
    ln -s apache-tomcat-7.0.99/ tomcat

![在这里插入图片描述][20200306234449941.png]  
step2 配置java环境：

vim /etc/profile
    写入：
    export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
    export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
    export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
    
    source /etc/profile		#重新加载配置文件

![在这里插入图片描述][20200306234514700.png]  
step3 测试java环境是否配置成功：

cd
    vim test.java
    写入：
    public class test
    { 
            public static void main(String[] args)
            { 
                    System.out.println("Hello World");
            }
    }
    
    javac test.java		#javac编译.java脚本
    java test			#运行脚本

![在这里插入图片描述][20200306234546905.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][2020030623455214.png]  
step4 启动tomcat：

cd /usr/local/tomcat/
    bin/startup.sh 
    netstat -antlp	#查看到8080端口开启，说明启动成功

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkzNjk2OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkzNjk2OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
step5 测试：

访问172.25.2.2:8080和访问172.25.2.3:8080	#查看到tomcat默认页面

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkzNjk2OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
**在tomcat中的负载均衡**

step1 给server2和server3添加测试页面：

cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/	#tomcat默认发布目录
    vim test.jsp
    写入：
    server2-The time is: <%=new java.util.Date() %>

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkzNjk2OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
**发给server3：**

scp test.jsp root@172.25.2.3:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/

**在server3中修改：**

vim test.jsp
    修改2为3：
    server3-The time is: <%=new java.util.Date() %>

![在这里插入图片描述][20200306235159528.png]  
step2 测试：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkzNjk2OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkzNjk2OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
step3 代理服务器：  
**在server1中：**

/usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop	#关闭之前使用的openresty（没有做过可忽略）
    cd /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/
    vim nginx.conf
    
     17 http { 
     18     include       mime.types;
     19     default_type  application/octet-stream;
     20         upstream tomcat { 
     21                 server 172.25.254.2:8080;		#后端服务器
     22                 server 172.25.254.3:8080;		#后端服务器
     23 }
    
     47         location / { 
     48             root   /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT;
     49             index  index.html index.htm;
     50         }
    
    
     63         location ~ \.jsp$ { 
     64             proxy_pass   http://tomcat;
     65         }
    
    nginx -t
    nginx -s reload

![在这里插入图片描述][20200306235351992.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkzNjk2OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
![在这里插入图片描述][2020030623540557.png]  
step4 测试：

访问172.25.254.1/test.jsp #看到server2和server3的测试页，刷新一次改变一次（轮询）

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzkzNjk2OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

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[20200306234514700.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200306234514700.png
[20200306234546905.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200306234546905.png
[2020030623455214.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020030623455214.png
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