Nacos

客官°小女子只卖身不卖艺 2023-07-10 08:30 41阅读 0赞

>  *  [https://nacos.io/zh-cn/][https_nacos.io_zh-cn]
>  *  [https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases][https_github.com_alibaba_nacos_releases]
>  *  [https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/quick-start.html][https_nacos.io_zh-cn_docs_quick-start.html]

>  *  Ribbon：[https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_40794973/article/details/105280587][https_blog.csdn.net_qq_40794973_article_details_105280587]
>  *  Feign：[https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_40794973/article/details/105306096][https_blog.csdn.net_qq_40794973_article_details_105306096]

--------------------

# 1 nacos是什么 #

> 一个更易于构建云原生应用的动态服务发现、**配置管理**和**服务管理**平台。

> [https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/what-is-nacos.html][https_nacos.io_zh-cn_docs_what-is-nacos.html] 
> 
> Nacos 致力于帮助您发现、配置和管理微服务。Nacos 提供了一组简单易用的特性集，帮助您快速实现动态服务发现、服务配置、服务元数据及流量管理。
> 
> Nacos 帮助您更敏捷和容易地构建、交付和管理微服务平台。 Nacos 是构建以“服务”为中心的现代应用架构 (例如微服务范式、云原生范式) 的服务基础设施。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNzk0OTcz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

--------------------

# 2 Docker部署单机版的nacos #

> [https://hub.docker.com/r/nacos/nacos-server][https_hub.docker.com_r_nacos_nacos-server]

## 2.1 拉取镜像  ##

docker pull nacos/nacos-server:1.3.0

## 2.2 启动nacos ##

docker run \
    --name nacos \
    -p 8848:8848 \
    -e MODE=standalone \
    -d nacos/nacos-server:1.3.0

## 2.3 web界面访问 ##

> [http://ip:8848/nacos][http_ip_8848_nacos]
> 
> 登录名/密码 默认是nacos

## 2.4 版本参考  ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNzk0OTcz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

--------------------

# 3 集成 spring cloud alibaba #

<properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        
        <spring-boot.version>2.2.0.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR3</spring-cloud.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.2.0.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

--------------------

# 4 使用nacos #

## 4.1 引依赖 ##

>  *  spring-boot-starter-\{xxx\}
>  *  \{xxx\}-spring-boot-starter
>  *  spring-cloud-starter-\{spring cloud子项目的名称\}-\{模块名称\}

<dependencies>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

以前是下面这个依赖，后面改成了上面的那个依赖

<!--
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        <version>0.2.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    ->

## 4.2 加注解 ##

> nacos无需添加@EnableDiscoveryClient注解

//@EnableDiscoveryClient
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class App {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new SpringApplicationBuilder(App.class)
                    .web(WebApplicationType.SERVLET)
                    .run(args);
        }
    }

## 4.3 写配置 ##

spring:
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: 39.106.196.224:8848

> 2020-04-02 18:05:22.554  **WARN** 23064 --- \[           main\] o.s.c.a.n.registry.NacosServiceRegistry  : No service to register for nacos client...
> 
> 未配置服务名称 （服务名称尽量用 **-** ）

spring:
      application:
        name: order-center

> 2020-04-02 18:10:38.489  INFO 12036 --- \[           main\] o.s.c.a.n.registry.NacosServiceRegistry  : nacos registry, order-center 192.168.56.1:9761 register finished

--------------------

# 5 服务发现的领域模型 #

>  *  Namespace : 一般用于实现环境隔离，默认public
>  *  Group : 不同服务可以分到一个组，默认DEFAULT\_GROUP
>  *  Service : 微服务
>  *  Cluster : 对指定微服务的一个虚拟划分，默认DEFAULT
>  *  Instance : 微服务实例

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNzk0OTcz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

## 5.1 命名空间namespace ##

用于进行租户粒度的配置隔离。不同的命名空间下，可以存在相同的 Group 或 Data ID 的配置。Namespace 的常用场景之一是不同环境的配置的区分**隔离**，例如开发测试环境和生产环境的资源（如配置、服务）隔离等。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNzk0OTcz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

spring:
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            server-addr: 39.106.196.224:8848
            namespace: d3c16b50-bdb0-4fb6-917d-9fc7a4d5ff04

--------------------

# 6 元数据 #

> [https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/concepts.html][https_nacos.io_zh-cn_docs_concepts.html]
> 
> Nacos数据（如配置和服务）描述信息，如服务版本、权重、容灾策略、负载均衡策略、鉴权配置、各种自定义标签 (label)，从作用范围来看，分为服务级别的元信息、集群的元信息及实例的元信息。

> 元数据作用
> 
> 1.  提供描述信息
> 2.  让微服务调用更加灵活
> 
> 例如：微服务版本控制
> 
>  *  内容中心 v1 ---调用-->  用户中心 v1
>  *  内容中心 v2 ---调用-->  用户中心 v2

三种级别的元素据都可以在nacos控制台指定

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNzk0OTcz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNzk0OTcz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

spring:
      cloud:
        nacos:
          discovery:
            metadata:
              version: 1.5.0.RELEASE
              describe: 用户中心

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNzk0OTcz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

--------------------

# 7 异常处理 #

***************************
    APPLICATION FAILED TO START
    ***************************
    Description:
    The bean 'nacosServiceRegistry', defined in class path resource [org/springframework/cloud/alibaba/nacos/NacosDiscoveryAutoConfiguration.class], could not be registered. A bean with that name has already been defined in class path resource [com/alibaba/cloud/nacos/registry/NacosServiceRegistryAutoConfiguration.class] and overriding is disabled.
    Action:
    Consider renaming one of the beans or enabling overriding by setting spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true

> nacos/nacos-server: 1.1.4
> 
> spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery: 2.2.0.RELEASE

> 报错原因：订单中心、用户中心同时引入了spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery；订单中心依赖了用户中心；这个时候启动订单中心启动的时候就可能会报错；
> 
> 解决方法：删除订单中心引入的依赖 spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery
> 
> 当遇到同样名字的时候，是否允许覆盖注册

spring:
      main:
        allow-bean-definition-overriding: true

[https_nacos.io_zh-cn]: https://nacos.io/zh-cn/
[https_github.com_alibaba_nacos_releases]: https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases
[https_nacos.io_zh-cn_docs_quick-start.html]: https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/quick-start.html
[https_blog.csdn.net_qq_40794973_article_details_105280587]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40794973/article/details/105280587
[https_blog.csdn.net_qq_40794973_article_details_105306096]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40794973/article/details/105306096
[https_nacos.io_zh-cn_docs_what-is-nacos.html]: https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/what-is-nacos.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNzk0OTcz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200402165614414.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNzk0OTcz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[https_hub.docker.com_r_nacos_nacos-server]: https://hub.docker.com/r/nacos/nacos-server
[http_ip_8848_nacos]: http://ip:8848/nacos
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNzk0OTcz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200402171007896.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNzk0OTcz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
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[https_nacos.io_zh-cn_docs_concepts.html]: https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/concepts.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNzk0OTcz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201022082951408.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNzk0OTcz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
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