selenium驱动\控制器移交\无头浏览器\打开新标签

Dear 丶 2023-07-08 05:57 10阅读 0赞

WebDriver针对各个浏览器的使用情况如下。

1、chrome浏览器大于版本48，下载驱动，如下chromeDriver下载

[http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html][http_chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com_index.html]

2、解压后，放入到/usr/local/bin，即可启动chrome浏览器

@Test
    public void openChrome(){
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","/usr/local/bin/chromedriver");
        WebDriver webDriver = new ChromeDriver();
    }

————————————————————————————————————

firefox浏览器，版本大于47后，也需要下载它的驱动，GeckoDriver

firefox驱动的下载地址：[https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases][https_github.com_mozilla_geckodriver_releases]

根据自己浏览器版本好，查到需要哪个版本的geckoDriver

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

三、Selenium截取当前页面

//将webDriver强转为TakesScreenshot，获取截屏以文件输出
    File file = ((TakesScreenshot)webDriver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
    //复制截图的文件到某文件下
    FileUtils.copyFile(file,new File("/Users/yp-tc-m-2935/Documents/seleniumdemo/drivers/auth.png"));
    ___________________________________________________________________
    
    四、处理弹框

四、已交控制器

(1)针对Alert、Confirm弹框是js写的，页面无法定位到该弹框，需将webDriver权限转交给Alert来处理弹框。

Alert alert = webDriver.switchTo().alert();

//点击确认
    alert.accept();
    //点击取消
    alert.dismiss();

//在弹框中输入内容

alert.sendKeys("关闭通道");

webDriver.switchTo().defaultContent();//将权限交回来

`五、选择框`

Select select = new Select(“选择框的元素”);
    
    六、窗口

String  hangdle =  webDriver.getWindowHandle(); //获取当前窗口的句柄

七、等待

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

全局等待，是每个元素都要等待，效率低，最好用显示等待，即单个元素等待。
    
    显示等等：
    //直到某个元素出现
    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(webDriver,10);
    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id("we")));//等待的那个元素

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

八、无头浏览器，执行脚本时，不会打开浏览器

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

![20200229073103700.png][]

十、打开chrome的新标签

操作方法，在控制台中使用js代码，尝试打开新浏览器![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)webDriver;
    js.executeScript("window.open(\"http://www.baidu.com\");\n");

[http_chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com_index.html]: http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html
[https_github.com_mozilla_geckodriver_releases]: https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200226061506789.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200227091829716.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200326212933946.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200229071101676.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20200229073103700.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200229073103700.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200229103729430.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xqajEyM18=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70