七、SpringCloud Config 分布式配置中心

系统管理员 2023-07-05 10:17 140阅读 0赞

# 1、概述 #

SpringCloud Config为微服务架构中的微服务提供集中化的外部配置支持，配置服务器为各个不同微服务应用的所有环境提供了一个中心化的外部配置。

SpringCloud Config分为服务端和客户端两部分。  
        服务端也称为分布式配置中心，它是一个独立的微服务应用，用来连接配置服务器并为客户端提供获取配置信息，加密/解密信息等访问接口  
       客户端则是通过指定的配置中心来管理应用资源，以及与业务相关的配置内容，并在启动的时候从配置中心获取和加载配置信息配置服务器默认采用git来存储配置信息，这样就有助于对环境配置进行版本管理，并且可以通过git客户端工具来方便的管理和访问配置内容。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2phdHBlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

**作用：**

\--集中管理配置文件、

\--不同环境不同配置，动态化的配置更新，分环境部署比如dev/test/prod/beta/release、

\--运行期间动态调整配置，不再需要在每个服务部署的机器上编写配置文件，服务会向配置中心统一拉取配置自己的信息、

\--当配置发生变动时，服务不需要重启即可感知到配置的变化并应用新的配置、

\--将配置信息以REST接口的形式暴露、

**与GitHub整合配置**

由于SpringCloud Config默认使用Git来存储配置文件(也有其它方式,比如支持SVN和本地文件)，  
但最推荐的还是Git，而且使用的是http/https访问的形式

# **2、SpringCloud Config服务端配置** #

1、在github创建microservicecloud-config的新Repository

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2phdHBlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

2、本地硬盘目录上新建git仓库并clone

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2phdHBlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

3、在本地microservicecloud-config里面新建一个application.yml

spring:
      profiles:
        active:
        - dev
    ---
    spring:
      profiles: dev     #开发环境
      application: 
        name: microservicecloud-config-jiatp-dev
    ---
    spring:
      profiles: test   #测试环境
      application: 
        name: microservicecloud-config-jiatp-test
    #  请保存为UTF-8格式

将该文件推送到github仓库

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2phdHBlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

4、新建微服务microservicecloud-config-3344

pom文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <parent>
        <groupId>cn.jiatp.springcloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      </parent>
      <artifactId>microservicecloud-config-3344</artifactId>
      
      <dependencies>
      
      <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
      </dependency>
    
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.eclipse.jgit</groupId>
           <artifactId>org.eclipse.jgit</artifactId>
           <version>4.10.0.201712302008-r</version>
       </dependency>
      
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
       </dependency>
         
       <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
       </dependency> 
      
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
       </dependency>
       
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
         <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
         <version>1.2.6.RELEASE</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
       </dependency>
        <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
       </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </project>

yml文件

server: 
      port: 3344 
      
    spring:
      application:
        name: microservicecloud-config
      cloud:
        config:
          server:
            git:
              uri: https://github.com/jiatp/microservicecloud-config.git

主启动类：

package cn.jiatp.springcloud;
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @EnableConfigServer
    public class Config_3344_StartSpringCloudApp {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		SpringApplication.run(Config_3344_StartSpringCloudApp.class,args);
    
    	}
    
    }

在本地windows下修改hosts文件127.0.0.1  config-3344.com

**测试：**启动微服务3344

[http://config-3344.com:3344/application-dev.yml][http_config-3344.com_3344_application-dev.yml]

![20200213214943455.png][]

# 3、SpringCloud Config客户端配置与测试 #

1、在本地github仓库新建microservicecloud-config-client.yml

spring:
      profiles:
        active:
        - dev
    ---
    server: 
      port: 8201 
    spring:
      profiles: dev
      application: 
        name: microservicecloud-config-client
    eureka: 
      client: 
        service-url: 
          defaultZone: http://eureka-dev.com:7001/eureka/   
    ---
    server: 
      port: 8202 
    spring:
      profiles: test
      application: 
        name: microservicecloud-config-client
    eureka: 
      client: 
        service-url: 
          defaultZone: http://eureka-test.com:7001/eureka/

上传到远程库

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2phdHBlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

新建microservicecloud-config-client-3355

pom文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <parent>
        <groupId>cn.jiatp.springcloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      </parent>
      <artifactId>microservicecloud-config-client-3355</artifactId>
      
      <dependencies>
      
       <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
       </dependency>
      
        <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
         
        <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency> 
      
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
       </dependency>
       
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
         <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
         <version>1.2.6.RELEASE</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
       </dependency>
        <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
       </dependency>
      </dependencies>
      
    </project>

新建boostrap.yml

spring:
      cloud:
        config:
          name: microservicecloud-config-client #需要从github上读取的资源名称，注意没有yml后缀名
          profile: test   #本次访问的配置项
          label: master   
          uri: http://localhost:3344  #本微服务启动后先去找3344号服务，通过SpringCloudConfig获取GitHub的服务地址

applicaontion.yml

spring:
      application:
        name: microservicecloud-config-client

修改windows下hosts文件 127.0.0.1  client-config.com

新建rest类，验证是否能从GitHub上读取配置

package cn.jiatp.springcloud.rest;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    public class ConfigClientRest {
    
     @Value("${spring.application.name}")
     private String applicationName;
     
     @Value("${eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone}")
     private String eurekaServers;
     
     @Value("${server.port}")
     private String port;
     
     
     
     @RequestMapping("/config")
     public String getConfig()
     {
      String str = "applicationName: "+applicationName+"\t eurekaServers:"+eurekaServers+"\t port: "+port;
      System.out.println("******str: "+ str);
      return "applicationName: "+applicationName+"\t eurekaServers:"+eurekaServers+"\t port: "+port;
     }
    }

主启动类：

package cn.jiatp.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class ConfigClient_3355_StartSpringCloudApp {
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		 SpringApplication.run(ConfigClient_3355_StartSpringCloudApp.class,args);
    		
    	}
    
    }

先启动Config配置中心3344微服务，在启动本3355微服务

当boostrap.yml中配置项是test时，访问[http://client-config.com:8202/config][http_client-config.com_8202_config]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2phdHBlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2phdHBlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200213213740210.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2phdHBlbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[http_config-3344.com_3344_application-dev.yml]: http://config-3344.com:3344/application-dev.yml
[20200213214943455.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200213214943455.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2phdHBlbg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200213215822158.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2phdHBlbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[http_client-config.com_8202_config]: http://client-config.com:8202/config
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