Netty实现聊天室
文章目录
注:更多netty相关文章请访问博主专栏: netty专栏
本文内容基于上一篇博客 netty实现WebSocket协议,一些基本使用请参考该博客。
本例实现的功能:
- 有新成员加入时,群广播消息,欢迎加入
- 有成员退出时,群广播消息,退出
- 每个成员都可以发送消息,消息广播给群内的每个人
完整的服务器代码如下:
package com.example;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.channel.group.ChannelGroup;
import io.netty.channel.group.DefaultChannelGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.*;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.*;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedFile;
import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor;
import javax.activation.MimetypesFileTypeMap;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
/** * netty实现聊天室 */
public class MyChatRoomServer {
int port;
public MyChatRoomServer(int port) {
this.port = port;
}
public void start() {
ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
EventLoopGroup boss = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup work = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
bootstrap.group(boss, work)
.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.DEBUG))
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
.childHandler(new ChatRoomServerInitializer());
ChannelFuture f = bootstrap.bind(new InetSocketAddress(port)).sync();
System.out.println("http server started . port : " + port);
f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
boss.shutdownGracefully();
work.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyChatRoomServer server = new MyChatRoomServer(8080);// 8081为启动端口
server.start();
}
}
class ChatRoomServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel channel) {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = channel.pipeline();
pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec())// http 编解器
// http 消息聚合器 512*1024为接收的最大contentlength
.addLast("httpAggregator", new HttpObjectAggregator(512 * 1024))
// 支持异步发送大的码流(大的文件传输),但不占用过多的内存,防止java内存溢出
.addLast("http-chunked", new ChunkedWriteHandler())
.addLast(new ChatRoomRequestHandler());// 请求处理器
}
}
class ChatRoomRequestHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object> {
private WebSocketServerHandshaker handshaker;
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
System.out.println("收到消息:" + msg);
if (msg instanceof FullHttpRequest) {
//以http请求形式接入,但是走的是websocket
handleHttpRequest(ctx, (FullHttpRequest) msg);
} else if (msg instanceof WebSocketFrame) {
//处理websocket客户端的消息
handlerWebSocketFrame(ctx, (WebSocketFrame) msg);
}
}
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
//添加连接
System.out.println("客户端加入连接:" + ctx.channel());
ChannelSupervise.addChannel(ctx.channel());
TextWebSocketFrame tws = new TextWebSocketFrame(
"欢迎 " + ctx.channel().id().asShortText() + "; 当前在线总人数:" + ChannelSupervise.count());
ChannelSupervise.send2All(tws);
}
@Override
public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
//断开连接
System.out.println("客户端断开连接:" + ctx.channel());
ChannelSupervise.removeChannel(ctx.channel());
TextWebSocketFrame tws = new TextWebSocketFrame(
"再见 " + ctx.channel().id().asShortText() + "; 当前在线总人数:" + ChannelSupervise.count());
ChannelSupervise.send2All(tws);
}
@Override
public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
ctx.flush();
}
/* 对WebSocket请求进行处理 */
private void handlerWebSocketFrame(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, WebSocketFrame frame) {
// 判断是否关闭链路的指令
if (frame instanceof CloseWebSocketFrame) {
handshaker.close(ctx.channel(), (CloseWebSocketFrame) frame.retain());
return;
}
// 判断是否ping消息,如果是,则构造pong消息返回。用于心跳检测
if (frame instanceof PingWebSocketFrame) {
ctx.channel().write(new PongWebSocketFrame(frame.content().retain()));
return;
}
// 本例程仅支持文本消息,不支持二进制消息
if (!(frame instanceof TextWebSocketFrame)) {
System.out.println("本例程仅支持文本消息,不支持二进制消息");
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
String.format("%s frame types not supported", frame.getClass().getName()));
}
//处理客户端请求并返回应答消息
String request = ((TextWebSocketFrame) frame).text();
System.out.println(request);
TextWebSocketFrame tws = new TextWebSocketFrame(ctx.channel().id().asShortText() + ":" + request);
// 群发
ChannelSupervise.send2All(tws);
}
/** * 唯一的一次http请求。 * 该方法用于处理websocket握手请求 */
private void handleHttpRequest(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, FullHttpRequest req) {
//如果HTTP解码失败,返回异常。要求Upgrade为websocket,过滤掉get/Post
if (!req.decoderResult().isSuccess() || (!"websocket".equals(req.headers().get("Upgrade")))) {
//若不是websocket方式,则创建BAD_REQUEST(400)的req,返回给客户端
sendHttpResponse(ctx, req, new DefaultFullHttpResponse(
HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpResponseStatus.BAD_REQUEST));
return;
}
// 构造握手响应返回,本机测试
WebSocketServerHandshakerFactory wsFactory = new WebSocketServerHandshakerFactory(
"ws://localhost:8080/websocket", null, false);
//通过工厂来创建WebSocketServerHandshaker实例
handshaker = wsFactory.newHandshaker(req);
if (handshaker == null) {
WebSocketServerHandshakerFactory.sendUnsupportedVersionResponse(ctx.channel());
} else {
/* 通过WebSocketServerHandshaker来构建握手响应消息返回给客户端。 同时将WebSocket相关编解码类添加到ChannelPipeline中,该功能需要阅读handshake的源码。 */
handshaker.handshake(ctx.channel(), req);
}
}
/** * 拒绝不合法的请求,并返回错误信息 */
private static void sendHttpResponse(ChannelHandlerContext ctx,
FullHttpRequest req, DefaultFullHttpResponse res) {
// 返回应答给客户端
if (res.status().code() != 200) {
ByteBuf buf = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(res.status().toString(), CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
res.content().writeBytes(buf);
buf.release();
HttpUtil.setContentLength(res, res.content().readableBytes());
}
ChannelFuture f = ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(res);
// 如果是非Keep-Alive,关闭连接
if (!HttpUtil.isKeepAlive(req) || res.status().code() != 200) {
f.addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
}
}
}
public class ChannelSupervise {
/** * ChannelGroup是netty提供用于管理web于服务器建立的通道channel的, * 其本质是一个高度封装的set集合,在服务器广播消息时, * 可以直接通过它的writeAndFlush将消息发送给集合中的所有通道中去 */
private static ChannelGroup GlobalGroup = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);
/** * ChannelMap维护的是channelID和channel的对应关系,用于向指定channel发送消息 */
private static ConcurrentMap<String, ChannelId> ChannelMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
public static void addChannel(Channel channel) {
GlobalGroup.add(channel);
ChannelMap.put(channel.id().asShortText(), channel.id());
}
public static void removeChannel(Channel channel) {
GlobalGroup.remove(channel);
ChannelMap.remove(channel.id().asShortText());
}
//找到某个channel来发送消息
public static Channel findChannel(String id) {
return GlobalGroup.find(ChannelMap.get(id));
}
public static void send2All(TextWebSocketFrame tws) {
GlobalGroup.writeAndFlush(tws);
}
public static int count() {
return GlobalGroup.size();
}
}
客户端页面代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>my websocket client</title>
</head>
<body>
<textarea id="msgBoxs"></textarea><br>
待发送消息`:<input type="text" id="msg">
<input type="button" id="sendBtn" onclick="send()" value="发送">
<script type="application/javascript"> var socket ; if(!window.WebSocket){ window.WebSocket = window.MozWebSocket; } if(window.WebSocket){ var msgBoxs = document.getElementById("msgBoxs") var msgBox = document.getElementById("msg") socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/websocket") socket.onopen = function (evt) { console.log("Connection open ..."); socket.send("Hello WebSocket!"); } socket.onmessage = function (evt) { console.log("Received Message: ", evt.data) msgBoxs.value = msgBoxs.value + "\n" + evt.data } socket.onclose = function (evt) { console.log("Connect closed."); } }else{ alert("ERROR:您的浏览器不支持WebSocket!!"); } function send() { var msg = msgBox.value socket.send(msg) //msgBox.value = "" } </script>
</body>
</html>
依次打开三个浏览器,作为三个客户端,以channelID作为用户ID。
启动以后可以看到当有用户加入时,前面新加入的用户会受到欢迎的消息。每个用户都可以发送消息,消息会被广播到群里的所有人:
当关闭一个窗口时,其他窗口会收到再见消息。
注意这里最好在客户端检测退出关闭socket的请求,页面关闭前主动释放与服务器的链接,释放资源,并且其他用户可以第一时间感知到下线,否则需要等待TCP超时后才可以受到下线消息。
简易聊天室完成
注:更多netty相关文章请访问博主专栏: netty专栏
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