【shell项目实战】收集系统信息

Myth丶恋晨 2023-07-04 15:49 6阅读 0赞

# 收集系统信息 #

收集系统信息脚本目的：分析系统资源性能瓶颈  
脚本功能

1.  查看CPU利用率与负载(top,vmstat,sar)
2.  查看磁盘、IO负载(df,iostat,iotop,dstat)
3.  查看内存利用率(free,vmstat)
4.  查看tcp连接状态(ss,netsta)
5.  查看CPU与内存占用最高的10个进程
6.  查看网络流量(ifconfig,iftop,iptraf)
7.  退出程序

## 1.CPU利用率 ##

我们通过vmstat命令

[klaus@localhost ~]$ man vmstat | grep -C6 'CPU'   
       System
           in: The number of interrupts per second, including the clock.
           cs: The number of context switches per second.
    
       CPU
           These are percentages of total CPU time.
           us: Time spent running non-kernel code. (user time, including nice time)
           sy: Time spent running kernel code. (system time)
           id: Time spent idle. Prior to Linux 2.5.41, this includes IO-wait time.
           wa: Time spent waiting for IO. Prior to Linux 2.5.41, included in idle.
           st: Time stolen from a virtual machine. Prior to Linux 2.6.11, unknown.

根据上面内容就可以完成功能

get_cpu_infor(){ 
        local i=1
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------"
        while [[ $i -le 3 ]];do
            echo -e "\033[32m# Reference ${i}\033[0m"
            systime=`vmstat | awk '{if (NR==3) print $14"%"}'`
            used_time=`vmstat | awk '{if (NR==3) print 100-$15"%"}'`
            IO_wait=`vmstat | awk '{if (NR==3) print $16"%"}'`
            echo "Time spent running kernel code:$systime"
            echo "Time spent used:$used_time,Time spent waiting for IO:$IO_wait"
            sleep 2
            let i++
        done
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------"
    }

## 2.磁盘负载 ##

同样，我们看看iostat命令，再通过man iostat查看对照信息

[klaus@localhost ~]$ iostat -x -k
    Linux 2.6.32-754.3.5.el6.x86_64 (localhost.localdomain)         02/11/2020      _x86_64_ (1 CPU)
    
    
    avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle
               0.40    0.00    0.46    0.01    0.00   99.14
    
    
    Device:         rrqm/s   wrqm/s     r/s     w/s    rkB/s    wkB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz   await r_await w_await  svctm  %util
    sda               0.12     1.14    0.29    0.59     4.41     6.94    25.80     0.00    0.90    0.46    1.12   0.52   0.05

根据上面的解读，可以完成磁盘负载

get_disk_load(){ 
        local i=1
        while [[ $i -le 3 ]];do
            echo -e "\033[32m# DISK Partition Reference ${i}\033[0m"
            IO_util=`iostat -x -k | awk '/^[v|s]/{OFS=": ";print $1,$NF"%"}'`
            IO_read=`iostat -x -k | awk '/^[v|s]/{OFS=": ";print $1,$6"KB"}'`
            IO_write=`iostat -x -k | awk '/^[v|s]/{OFS=": ";print $1,$7"KB"}'`
            IO_wait=`vmstat | awk '{if(NR==3) print $16"%"}'`
            echo -e "bandwidth utilization for the device:${IO_util}"
            echo -e "Time spent waiting for IO:${IO_wait}"
            echo -e "Read/s:$IO_read,Write/s:$IO_write"
            i=$((i+1))
            sleep 2
        done
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------"
    }

## 3.磁盘分区 ##

磁盘分区主要用的是iostat，实现细节如下，其中disk\_use.log为日志文件

get_disk_part(){ 
        DISK_log=/tmp/disk_use.log
        DISK_total=`sudo fdisk -l|awk '/^Disk.*bytes/ && /dev/{print $2 $3"GB"}'`
        DISK_userate=`df -h | awk '/^\/dev/{print int($5)}'`
        local DISK_Threshold=50
        if [ -n `cat $DISK_log` ];then
            rm -rf $DISK_log
        fi
        touch $DISK_log
        for i in $DISK_userate;do
            if [ $i -gt $DISK_Threshold ];then
                PART=`df -h |awk '{if(int($5)=='''$i''') print $6}'`
                echo "$PART=${i}%">>$DISK_log
            fi
        done
        echo -e "DISK total:${DISK_total}"
        if [ -f $DISK_log ];then
            echo "Warning, disk usage exceeds threshold $DISK_Threshold%!"
            cat $DISK_log
        fi
    }

## 4.内存使用情况 ##

内存使用情况具体通过free -m命令，实现细节如下

get_mem_use(){ 
        echo "-----------------------------------"
        MEM_TOTAl=`free -m|awk '{if(NR==2)printf "%.2f",$2/1024}END{print"G"}'`
        MEM_USED=`free -m|awk '{if(NR==2)printf "%.2f",$3/1024}END{print"G"}'`
        MEM_FREE=`free -m|awk '{if(NR==2)printf "%.2f",$4/1024}END{print"G"}'`
        MEM_CACHE=`free -m|awk '{if(NR==2)printf "%.2f",$NF/1024}END{print"G"}'`
        echo -e "Total_memory:$MEM_TOTAl"
        echo -e "Used:$MEM_USED;Free_memory:$MEM_FREE and Cache:$MEM_CACHE"
    }

## 5.tcp连接状态 ##

使用netsta或者ss都可以，具体实现细节如下

get_tcp_state(){ 
        echo "-----------------------------------"
        COUNT=`ss -ant|awk '!/state/{status[$1]++}END{for(i in status)print i,status[i]}'`
        echo -e "TCP Connection status:\n$COUNT"
        echo "-----------------------------------"
    }

## 6.CPU或者内存TOP10 ##

查看前10的CPU或者内存使用的命令具体用ps aux就可以了

get_cpu_top10(){ 
        echo "-----------------CPU Top10 List-----------------"
        CPU_LOG=/tmp/cpu_top.log
        local i=1
        while [[ $i -le 3 ]];do
            ps aux | awk '{if($3>=0.1) print "PID:"$2" CPU:"$3"% -->" $11}'|sort -k3 -nr |head -10 >$CPU_LOG
            if [[ -n `cat $CPU_LOG` ]];then
                echo -e "\033[32m# CPU TOP10 Reference ${i}\033[0m""]]"
                cat $CPU_LOG
            else
                echo "No process using the CPU"
                break
            fi
            let i++
            sleep 2
        done
    
        echo "------------------------------------------------"
    }
    get_mem_top10(){ 
        echo "-----------------MeM Top10 List-----------------"
        MEM_LOG=/tmp/mem_top.log
        local i=1
        while [[ $i -le 3  ]];do
            ps aux | awk '{if($4>=0.1) print "PID:"$2" MEM:"$4"% -->" $11}'|sort -k4 -nr |head -10 >$MEM_LOG
            if [[ -n `cat $MEM_LOG`  ]];then
                echo -e "\033[32m# MEM TOP10 Reference ${i}\033[0m""]]"
                cat $MEM_LOG
            else
                echo "No process using the MEMORY"
                break
            fi
            let i++
            sleep 2
        done
        echo "------------------------------------------------"
    }

## 7.网络流量统计 ##

网络流量统计这里需要针对某张单一网卡，使用的具体命令为ifconfig

get_network_traf(){ 
        while true;do
            read -p "Please enter the network card name(eth[0-9] or em[0-9]):" eth
            if [ `ifconfig | grep -c "\<$eth\>"` -eq 1 ];then
                break
            else
                echo "Incorrect name entered, the network card could not be found!"
            fi
        done
        echo "------------------------------------------------"
        local i=1
        while [[ $i -le 3 ]];do
            OLD_RX=`ifconfig eth0 |awk -F'[: ]+' '/bytes/{if(NR==8)print $4;else if(NR==5)print $6}'`
            OLD_TX=`ifconfig eth0 |awk -F'[: ]+' '/bytes/{if(NR==8)print $9;else if(NR==5)print $6}'`
            sleep 1
            NEW_RX=`ifconfig eth0 |awk -F'[: ]+' '/bytes/{if(NR==8)print $4;else if(NR==5)print $6}'`
            NEW_TX=`ifconfig eth0 |awk -F'[: ]+' '/bytes/{if(NR==8)print $9;else if(NR==5)print $6}'`
            RX=`awk 'BEGIN{printf "%.8f\n",'$(($NEW_RX-$OLD_RX))'/1024/128}'`
            TX=`awk 'BEGIN{printf "%.8f\n",'$(($NEW_TX-$OLD_TX))'/1024/128}'`
    
            echo "RX:${RX} MB/s TX:${TX} MB/s"
            let i++
            sleep 1
        done
    }

8.实现效果

[klaus@localhost project]$ ./sys_info.sh
    Non-root login for current user!
    [sudo] password for klaus:
    1) CPU/Disk_load    3) TCP_status       5) Network_traffic
    2) Disk/Mem_use     4) CPU/Mem_top10    6) quit
    Please input your choice[6 for quit]:1
    -----------------------------------------------------------
    # CPU Reference 1
    Time spent running kernel code:0%
    Time spent used:1%,Time spent waiting for IO:0%
    # CPU Reference 2
    Time spent running kernel code:0%
    Time spent used:1%,Time spent waiting for IO:0%
    # CPU Reference 3
    Time spent running kernel code:0%
    Time spent used:1%,Time spent waiting for IO:0%
    -----------------------------------------------------------
    # DISK Partition Reference 1
    bandwidth utilization for the device:sda: 0.04%
    Time spent waiting for IO:0%
    Read/s:sda: 4.05KB,Write/s:sda: 6.83KB
    # DISK Partition Reference 2
    bandwidth utilization for the device:sda: 0.04%
    Time spent waiting for IO:0%
    Read/s:sda: 4.05KB,Write/s:sda: 6.83KB
    # DISK Partition Reference 3
    bandwidth utilization for the device:sda: 0.04%
    Time spent waiting for IO:0%
    Read/s:sda: 4.05KB,Write/s:sda: 6.83KB
    -----------------------------------------------------------
    Please input your choice[6 for quit]:2
    DISK total:/dev/sda:21.5GB
    Warning, disk usage exceeds threshold 50%!
    /=51%
    -----------------------------------
    Total_memory:0.96G
    Used:0.75G;Free_memory:0.21G and Cache:0.27G
    Please input your choice[6 for quit]:3
    -----------------------------------
    TCP Connection status:
    ESTAB 5
    State 1
    LISTEN 6
    -----------------------------------
    Please input your choice[6 for quit]:4
    -----------------CPU Top10 List-----------------
    # CPU TOP10 Reference 1]]
    PID:93642 CPU:10.0% -->ps
    PID:7 CPU:0.1% -->[events/0]
    PID:2858 CPU:0.1% -->/usr/lib/vmware-tools/sbin64/vmtoolsd
    PID:1501 CPU:0.1% -->/usr/sbin/vmtoolsd
    # CPU TOP10 Reference 2]]
    PID:93649 CPU:1.0% -->ps
    PID:7 CPU:0.1% -->[events/0]
    PID:2858 CPU:0.1% -->/usr/lib/vmware-tools/sbin64/vmtoolsd
    PID:1501 CPU:0.1% -->/usr/sbin/vmtoolsd
    # CPU TOP10 Reference 3]]
    PID:7 CPU:0.1% -->[events/0]
    PID:2858 CPU:0.1% -->/usr/lib/vmware-tools/sbin64/vmtoolsd
    PID:1501 CPU:0.1% -->/usr/sbin/vmtoolsd
    ------------------------------------------------
    -----------------MeM Top10 List-----------------
    # MEM TOP10 Reference 1]]
    PID:93670 MEM:0.1% -->awk
    PID:93669 MEM:0.1% -->ps
    PID:93504 MEM:0.1% -->/bin/bash
    PID:93206 MEM:1.7% -->vim
    PID:92323 MEM:0.1% -->-bash
    PID:92322 MEM:0.1% -->sshd:
    PID:92318 MEM:0.4% -->sshd:
    PID:92246 MEM:0.1% -->-bash
    PID:92245 MEM:0.1% -->sshd:
    PID:92241 MEM:0.4% -->sshd:
    # MEM TOP10 Reference 2]]
    PID:93677 MEM:0.1% -->awk
    PID:93676 MEM:0.1% -->ps
    PID:93504 MEM:0.1% -->/bin/bash
    PID:93206 MEM:1.7% -->vim
    PID:92323 MEM:0.1% -->-bash
    PID:92322 MEM:0.1% -->sshd:
    PID:92318 MEM:0.4% -->sshd:
    PID:92246 MEM:0.1% -->-bash
    PID:92245 MEM:0.1% -->sshd:
    PID:92241 MEM:0.4% -->sshd:
    # MEM TOP10 Reference 3]]
    PID:93684 MEM:0.1% -->awk
    PID:93683 MEM:0.1% -->ps
    PID:93504 MEM:0.1% -->/bin/bash
    PID:93206 MEM:1.7% -->vim
    PID:92323 MEM:0.1% -->-bash
    PID:92322 MEM:0.1% -->sshd:
    PID:92318 MEM:0.4% -->sshd:
    PID:92246 MEM:0.1% -->-bash
    PID:92245 MEM:0.1% -->sshd:
    PID:92241 MEM:0.4% -->sshd:
    ------------------------------------------------
    Please input your choice[6 for quit]:5
    Please enter the network card name(eth[0-9] or em[0-9]):eth0
    ------------------------------------------------
    RX:0.00000000 MB/s TX:0.00000000 MB/s
    RX:0.00000000 MB/s TX:0.00000000 MB/s
    RX:0.00000000 MB/s TX:0.00000000 MB/s
    Please input your choice[6 for quit]:6
    [klaus@localhost project]$

具体的完整代码在[这里][Link 1]，大家也可以参考学习一下，主要是shell的一些用法

[Link 1]: https://download.csdn.net/download/klaus_x/12152758