VMware虚拟机CentOS 7 磁盘扩容

向右看齐 2023-07-04 15:42 24阅读 0赞

# 一、环境 #

虚拟机软件：VMware® Workstation 15 Pro  
系统版本：CentOS7.5

# 二、扩容步骤 #

1、VM上修改磁盘信息

将虚拟机关机，然后点击VM顶部菜单栏中的**显示或隐藏控制台视图**按钮来显示已建立的虚拟机的配置信息

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

然后左边菜单栏点击硬盘，在弹出的对话框选中硬盘，并点击扩展按钮，然后在弹出框中的最大磁盘大小修改未所需要的磁盘大小，比如我现在需要扩容30G，原本的磁盘大小是20G，所以我这里将原本的20G修改成50G，然后点击扩展

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

之后会收到提示：

![20200212151318801.png][]

然后开启虚拟机，对磁盘进行进一步的配置

2、在系统中挂载磁盘

开启虚拟机并登录后，使用命令查看当磁盘状态

df -h

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

可看到当前还是原本的20G，并未扩容  
首先先通过命令查看到新磁盘的分区

ls /dev/

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

fdisk -l

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

然后对新加的磁盘进行分区操作：

fdisk /dev/sda

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

期间，如果需要将分区类型的Linux修改为Linux LVM的话需要在新增了分区之后，选择t，然后选择8e，之后可以将新的分区修改为linux LVM  
之后我们可以再次用以下命令查看到磁盘当前情况

fdisk -l

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

重启虚拟机格式化新建分区

reboot

然后将新添加的分区添加到已有的组实现扩容  
首先查看卷组名

vgdisplay

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

初始化刚刚的分区

pvcreate /dev/sda3

![2020021215202442.png][]

将初始化过的分区加入到虚拟卷组名

# vgextend 虚拟卷组名 新增的分区
    vgextend centos /dev/sda3

![20200212152103822.png][]

再次查看卷组情况

vgdisplay

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

这里可以看到，有30G的空间是空闲的  
查看当前磁盘情况并记下需要扩展的文件系统名，我这里因为要扩展根目录，所以我记下的是 /dev/mapper/centos-root

df -h

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

扩容已有的卷组容量（这里有个细节，就是不能全扩展满，比如空闲空间是30G，然后这里的话30G不能全扩展上，这里我扩展的是29G）

# lvextend -L +需要扩展的容量 需要扩展的文件系统名 
    lvextend -L +29G /dev/mapper/centos-root

![20200212152222200.png][]

然后我们用命令查看当前卷组

pvdisplay

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

这里可以看到，卷组已经扩容了  
以上只是卷的扩容，然后我们需要将文件系统扩容

# resize2fs 文件系统名
    resize2fs /dev/mapper/centos-root

这个是网上很多参考资料的用法，但是在这里报错了

![20200212152306700.png][]

解决办法是，首先查看文件系统的格式

cat /etc/fstab | grep centos-root

![20200212152332392.png][]

这里可以看到，文件系统是xfs，所以需要xfs的命令来扩展磁盘空间

# xfs_growfs 文件系统名
    xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

之后我们再次用命令查看磁盘状态

df -h

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2p1bmxvbmc3NTA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

可以看到，现在已经扩容成功了！

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