SpringMvc异常信息处理

短命女 2023-07-04 11:19 123阅读 0赞

1.  @ExceptionHandler ： 该方法表示在方法上，表示该方法专门用来处理异常信息
2.  @ResponseStatus：自定义异常，标识在方法上
3.  SimpleMappingExceptionResolver 配置方式

**@ExceptionHandler 案例**

项目架构  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0ODkyMDkx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
MyController类

@Controller
    public class MyController
    {
    
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "/exhandle1")
        public String handle1(@RequestParam("i") Integer i){
            System.out.println(10/i);
            return "success";
        }
    
    
    }

MyExceptionContext （异常信息处理类）

//  ControllerAdvice表明这个是一个专门的异常处理类
    @ControllerAdvice //    这个类只能使用ControllerAdvice注解 不能 使用Controller注解
    public class MyExceptionContext
    {
        //  ExceptionHandler注解用来处理异常信息
        @ExceptionHandler(value = {Exception.class})
        //  方法参数Exception会自动名将错误信息封装到Exception中
        public ModelAndView exception1(Exception ex){
            //  创建ModelAndView并设置跳转页面
            ModelAndView modelAndView= new ModelAndView("myexcepton");
            //  将错误信息存放在request域当中
            modelAndView.addObject("ex",ex);
    
            System.out.println("Exception错误类运行.....");
            return modelAndView;
        }
    
        //  具体的错误信息
        @ExceptionHandler(value = {ArithmeticException.class})
        public ModelAndView exception2(Exception ex){
            ModelAndView modelAndView= new ModelAndView("myexcepton");
            modelAndView.addObject("ex",ex);
            System.out.println("ArithmeticException错误类运行.....");
            return modelAndView;
        }
    
    }

index.jsp 首页

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    
    
    </head>
    <body>
    
    
    <form action="exhandle1" method="post">
        <input type="text"  name="i"/>
        <input type="submit" value="异常演示"/>
    </form>
    
    </body>
    </html>

myexcepton.jsp （错误跳转页面）

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    <h2>错误页面</h2>
    <h4>具体的错误信息为:</h4> ${requestScope.ex}
    </body>
    </html>

web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
     "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
     "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
    
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
      <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index1.jsp</welcome-file>
      </welcome-file-list>
    
      <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
      <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
      </welcome-file-list>
    
      <servlet>
        
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>classpath:applicationContext-springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
      </servlet>
      
      <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
    
      
      <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
          
          <param-name>encoding</param-name>
          <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        
        <init-param>
          <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
          <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
      </filter>
      <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
      </filter-mapping>
    
    
    
    </web-app>

applicationContext-springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
           xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
           xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd">
    
    
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.stone.mvc"/>
    
    
        
        <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
            
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        </bean>
    
        
        <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    
    
    </beans>

在MyController类中计算10/i 等于多少 ，当i传过来为0时就会引发ArithmeticException异常中的 by zero错误信息，而此时的信息，会被标有@ExceptionHandler方法中指定异常类型的信息捕获并进行处理

![在这里插入图片描述][20200210160101775.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0ODkyMDkx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0ODkyMDkx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
**@ExceptionHandler细节点 :**

1.  给方法上添加Exception他会自动捕获异常并存储
2.  如果有多个@ExceptionHandler注解的方法，精确优先
3.  处理异常类（全部写处理异常的方法的类）的注解必须是@ControllerAdvice
4.  异常处理类和异常发生的本类都写了异常处理方法，本类优先异常处理类

**@ResponseStatus 案例**

用户进行登录校验，查看是否有admin用户的用户名，如果没有查找就报自定义异常的错误信息。

自定义异常  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0ODkyMDkx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
用户登录业务  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0ODkyMDkx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
用户登录页面  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200210165542575.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200210165748420.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0ODkyMDkx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
**@ResponseStatus细节点**

1.  在使用@ResponseStatus注解时，如果有@ExceptionHandler注解的使用，并且能捕捉对应的异常信息，那么会跳过@ResponseStatus自定义异常。

**SimpleMappingExceptionResolver 配置方式**  
配置方法  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0ODkyMDkx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
Controller类  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0ODkyMDkx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
测试页面  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0ODkyMDkx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0ODkyMDkx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]  
测试结果  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ0ODkyMDkx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]  
**SimpleMappingExceptionResolver配置细节点**

1.  他的优先级是记录的三者中优先级最低得

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[20200210160101775.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200210160101775.png
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[20200210165542575.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200210165542575.png
[20200210165748420.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200210165748420.png
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