nginx 之热升级流程(平滑升级)

梦里梦外; 2023-07-02 07:28 43阅读 0赞

**目录**

1、安装nginx 1.14.2

2、编译新版本的nginx

按照第一步操作，下载新版本的nginx

3、热升级nginx

--------------------

1、将旧nginx二进制文件换成新的nginx二进制 文件(注意备份)

2、向master进程发送USR2信号.

3、master进程修改pid文件名，加后缀.olidbin

4、master进程用新nginx文件启动新master进程

5、向老master进程发送QUIT信号，关闭老master进程

6、回滚： 向老master发送HUP，向新master发送QUIT

**下面我们来演示一下 ，将nginx 从1.14.2 平滑升级到1.1.6.1版本**

### **1、安装nginx 1.14.2 ** ###

首先我们下载一个nginx-1.14.2 的版本

wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz

解压之后，进行nginx 目录，运行如下命令，首先保证/soft/nginx 目录存在

./configure  --prefix=/soft/nginx

打印如下：

Configuration summary
      + using system PCRE library
      + OpenSSL library is not used
      + using system zlib library
    
      nginx path prefix: "/soft/nginx"
      nginx binary file: "/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx"
      nginx modules path: "/soft/nginx/modules"
      nginx configuration prefix: "/soft/nginx/conf"
      nginx configuration file: "/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
      nginx pid file: "/soft/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
      nginx error log file: "/soft/nginx/logs/error.log"
      nginx http access log file: "/soft/nginx/logs/access.log"
      nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
      nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
      nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
      nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
      nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

完成之后，执行如下命令

make
    make install

可以看到/soft/nginx 已经出现 编译后的nginx 文件了

[root@zk02 nginx]# pwd
    /soft/nginx
    [root@zk02 nginx]# ls 
    conf  html  logs  sbin

在/etc/profile 文件配置如下

#nginx 
    export NGINX_HOME=/soft/nginx
    export PATH=$PATH:$NGINX_HOME/sbin

配置完成之后,source 一下.

source  /etc/profile

查看版本

[root@zk02 ~]# nginx -v 
    nginx version: nginx/1.14.2

以绝对启动nginx

[root@zk02 sbin]# /soft/nginx/sbin/nginx

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1bGVpX3Fx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

### 2、编译新版本的nginx  ###

### 按照第一步操作，下载新版本的nginx  ###

wget  https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

编译该版本的源码

./configure  --prefix=/soft/nginx

编译

[root@zk02 nginx-1.16.1]# pwd
    /root/nginx_download/nginx-1.16.1
    [root@zk02 nginx-1.16.1]# make

在obj目下下可以看到编译好的nginx 文件

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1bGVpX3Fx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

### 3、热升级nginx ###

我们看下老的nginx 进程 ,master 进程号为6965

[root@zk02 sbin]# ps -ef | grep nginx 
    root      6965     1  0 08:21 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /soft/nginx/sbin/nginx
    nobody    6966  6965  0 08:21 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
    root      7017  6938  0 08:24 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

首先备份老的nginx 二进制文件，回滚的时候会用到

[root@zk02 sbin]# cp nginx  nginx.old 
    [root@zk02 sbin]# ll
    total 7320
    -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3746440 Jan 28 07:28 nginx
    -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3746440 Jan 28 07:50 nginx.old

将新的nginx 文件覆盖旧的nginx 文件.

[root@zk02 objs]#  cp -f /root/nginx_download/nginx-1.16.1/objs/nginx  /soft/nginx/sbin/
    cp: overwrite ?.soft/nginx/sbin/nginx?. y

给master 进程 执行USR2信号，会生成新的master和worker进程.

[root@zk02 sbin]# kill -USR2 6965
    [root@zk02 sbin]# ps -ef | grep nginx 
    root      6965     1  0 08:21 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /soft/nginx/sbin/nginx
    nobody    6966  6965  0 08:21 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
    root      7021  6965  0 08:25 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /soft/nginx/sbin/nginx
    nobody    7022  7021  0 08:25 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

可以看到pid文件名已更改

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1bGVpX3Fx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

給老master进程发送QUIT 信号，优雅的退出

[root@zk02 sbin]# kill  -QUIT 6965 
    [root@zk02 sbin]# ps -ef | grep nginx 
    root      7021     1  0 08:25 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /soft/nginx/sbin/nginx
    nobody    7022  7021  0 08:25 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
    root      7054  6938  0 08:34 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

至此，热升级完成.

**注意：** 升级的过程(kill -USR2 6965)，可能报如下错误.

2020/01/28 08:03:06 \[alert\] 6819\#0: execve() failed while executing new binary process "nginx" (2: No such file or directory)  
以绝对路径执行nginx 文件即可.

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1bGVpX3Fx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200127234702621.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1bGVpX3Fx,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1bGVpX3Fx_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200128003138411.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l1bGVpX3Fx,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70