用java操作jaxp解析器，对xml实现增删改查

朱雀 2023-06-30 02:59 247阅读 0赞

1.在src目录下建立person.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
    <person>
    	<p1>
    		<name>xiaoming</name>
    		<age>20</age>
    	</p1>
    	<p1>
    		<name>xiaofang</name>
    		<age>22</age>
    	</p1>
    </person>

2.创建一个Java类

import java.io.IOException;
    
    import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.Transform;
    import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
    import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
    import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
    import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
    import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
    import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
    import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
    import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
    import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
    
    import org.w3c.dom.Document;
    import org.w3c.dom.Element;
    import org.w3c.dom.Node;
    import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
    import org.w3c.dom.Text;
    import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
    
    public class JaxpText { 
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException, TransformerException { 
    		//selectAll();
    		//addSex();
    		//modifySex();
    		//delSex();
    		listElement();
    	}
    	//遍历节点，并打印出来
    	public static void listElement() throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException{ 
    		/** * 1.创建解析器工厂 * 2.根据解析器工厂创建解析器 * 3.解析xml，返回document * * ***递归可实现*** * 4.得到根节点 * 5.得到根节点的子节点 * 6.得到根节点的子节点的子节点 */
    		//1.创建解析器工厂
    		DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactor = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    		//2.根据解析器工厂创建解析器
    		DocumentBuilder builder = builderFactor.newDocumentBuilder();
    		//3.解析xml，返回document
    		Document document = builder.parse("src/person.xml");
    		
    		//实现遍历的方法
    		list1(document);
    	}
    	private static void list1(Node node) { 
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		//判断是元素类型才打印
    		if(node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE){ 
    			System.out.println(node.getNodeName());
    		}
    		//得到一层子节点
    		NodeList list = node.getChildNodes();
    		//遍历list
    		for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) { 
    			//得到每一个子节点
    			Node node1 = list.item(i);
    			//继续得到node1的子节点
    			//node1.getChildNodes();
    			//递归
    			list1(node1);
    		}
    	}
    	//删除sex标签
    	public static void delSex() throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException, TransformerException{ 
    		/** * 1.创建解析器工厂 * 2.根据解析器工厂创建解析器 * 3.解析xml，返回document * 4.得到sex标签，item方法 * 5.用getParentNode方法获得sex的父节点 * 6.用removeChild方法删除子节点 * 7.回写xml */
    		//1.创建解析器工厂
    		DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactor = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    		//2.根据解析器工厂创建解析器
    		DocumentBuilder builder = builderFactor.newDocumentBuilder();
    		//3.解析xml，返回document
    		Document document = builder.parse("src/person.xml");
    		//4.得到sex标签，item方法
    		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("sex");
    		Node sex1 = list.item(0);
    		//5.用getParentNode方法获得sex的父节点
    		Node p1 =sex1.getParentNode();
    		//6.用removeChild方法删除子节点
    		p1.removeChild(sex1);
    		//7.回写xml
    		TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
    		Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
    		transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult("src/person.xml"));
    	}
    	
    	//修改sex标签
    	public static void modifySex() throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException, TransformerException{ 
    		/** * 1.创建解析器工厂 * 2.根据解析器工厂创建解析器 * 3.解析xml，返回document * 4.得到sex标签，item方法 * 5.用setTextContoent修改sex的值 * 6.回写xml */
    		//1.创建解析器工厂
    		DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactor = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    		//2.根据解析器工厂创建解析器
    		DocumentBuilder builder = builderFactor.newDocumentBuilder();
    		//3.解析xml，返回document
    		Document document = builder.parse("src/person.xml");
    		//4.得到sex标签，item方法
    		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("sex");
    		Node node1 = list.item(0);
    		//5.用setTextContoent修改sex的值
    		node1.setTextContent("nan");
    		//6.回写xml
    		TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
    		Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
    		transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult("src/person.xml"));
    	}
    
    	//添加sex标签
    	public static void addSex() throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException, TransformerException{ 
    	   /** *1.创建解析器工厂 *2.根据解析器工厂创建解析器 *3.解析xml,返回document *4.得到第一个标签P1,用item方法的得 *5.用createElement方法创建sex标签 *6.用createTextNode创建文本 *7.用appendChild把文本添加到标签下 *8.把sex添加到P1下 *9.回写xml */
    		//1.创建解析器工厂
    		DocumentBuilderFactory buliderFactor = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    		//2.根据解析器工厂创建解析器
    		DocumentBuilder bulider = buliderFactor.newDocumentBuilder();
    		//3.解析xml,返回document
    		Document document = bulider.parse("src/person.xml");
    		//4.得到第一个标签P1,用item方法的得
    		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("p1");
    		Node node1 = list.item(0);
    		//5.用createElement方法创建sex标签
    		Element sex1 = 	document.createElement("sex");
    		//6.用createTextNode创建文本
    		Text text1 =document.createTextNode("nv");
    		//7.用appendChild把文本添加到标签下
    		sex1.appendChild(text1);
    		//8.把sex添加到P1下
    		node1.appendChild(sex1);
    		//9.回写xml
    		TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
    		Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
    		transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult("src/person.xml"));
    		
    		
    	
    	}
    	
    	//查询标签
    	private static void selectAll() throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException { 
    		//1.创建解析工厂
    		DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactor = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    		//2.根据解析工厂创建解析器
    		DocumentBuilder builder = builderFactor.newDocumentBuilder();
    		//解析xml，返回document
    		Document document = builder.parse("src/person.xml");
    		//得到所有查询到的元素
    		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("age");
    		//遍历集合，得到每一个元素的值
    		for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) { 
    			Node name1 = list.item(i);
    			String content =name1.getTextContent();
    			System.out.println(content);
    		}
    	}
    
    }