PyQt 信号与槽的机制

╰半橙微兮° 2023-06-17 04:55 4阅读 0赞

# 1： 基本概念 #

信号： 是由对象发射出去的消息

按钮的单击事件，按钮向外部发送单击的消息，发送的信号需要一些代码来拦截，这些代码就是槽。

槽：本质是一些函数或者方法

需要信号和槽 绑定，一个信号和多个槽绑定，一定槽也可以绑定多个信号。Qt 界面中：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjUyODA4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

# 2： 最简单案例： #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjUyODA4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

ui 文件： test.ui

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    # Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'test.ui'
    #
    # Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.6
    #
    # WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
    import sys
    from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
    from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QCheckBox, QApplication, QDialog,QMainWindow
    class Ui_MainWindow(object):
        def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
            MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
            MainWindow.resize(583, 381)
            self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
            self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
            self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
            self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(130, 70, 75, 23))
            self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
            MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
            self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
            self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 583, 23))
            self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
            MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
            self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
            self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
            MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
            
            self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
            self.pushButton.clicked.connect(MainWindow.close)
            QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
    
        def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
            _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
            MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
            self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "关闭窗口"))

main.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    """
    Module implementing LayoutDemo.
    """
    import sys
    from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot
    from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QApplication
    from  test import Ui_MainWindow
    
    class LayoutDemo(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
        """
        Class documentation goes here.
        """
        def __init__(self, parent=None):
            """
            Constructor
            @param parent reference to the parent widget
            @type QWidget
            """
            super(LayoutDemo, self).__init__(parent)
            self.setupUi(self)
        
    
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
    
        app = QApplication(sys.argv)
        ui = LayoutDemo()
        ui.show()
        sys.exit(app.exec_())

#  3：案例2升级： #

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    """
        【简介】
        内置的信号/槽示例
    
    
    """
    
    from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
    import sys
    
    class Winform(QWidget):
    	def __init__(self,parent=None):
    		super().__init__(parent)
    		self.setWindowTitle('内置的信号/槽示例')
    		self.resize(330,  50 ) 
    		btn = QPushButton('关闭', self)
    		btn.clicked.connect(self.close) 
            
    if __name__ == '__main__':
    	app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    	win = Winform()
    	win.show()
    	sys.exit(app.exec_())

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjUyODA4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191127154323646.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjUyODA4OQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjUyODA4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191127154102780.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjUyODA4OQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70