Oracle DBLink跨数据库访问SQL server数据同步

电玩女神 2023-06-02 10:55 6阅读 0赞

# 　　第一步：需要去下载一个透明网管，相当于一个中间件(我们用的Oracle 11g，可能不同的数据库版本要安装不同的透明网管) #

**需要的朋友请到我的百度云盘上下载**

**链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1W6rEww1\_NxxsMXYi0BOKPQ**   
**提取码：sac2**

# 　　第二步：安装透明网关 #

### 1、解压安装包后，点击setup.exe安装 ###

![1504448-20190802223253863-438638962.png][]

![1504448-20190802223320050-1315980309.png][]

### 2、下一步(注：貌似一定要和Oracle数据库安装目录一致，第一次安装的时候，就和Oracle安装在不同地方了，最终百度很久发现，要和Oracle安装同一个位置) ###

![1504448-20190926113201371-110289564.png][]

### 3、选择组建，选择SQL Server ###

![1504448-20190802223637082-726224621.png][]

### 4、填写SQL SERVER的主机名和数据库名称 ###

![1504448-20190802223827851-1387743110.png][]

### 5、开始安装 ###

![1504448-20190802223850258-1827749045.png][]

### 6、安装完成后就退出，然后开始配置监听，下面是重点！！！！ ###

#  　　第三步：透明网关配置 #

## ** 配置说明：** ##

## **本地Oracle安装目录：D:\\Oracle\\product\\11.2.0\\dbhome\_1** ##

## **本地DBLink安装目录:D:\\Oracle\\product\\11.2.0\\dbhome\_1** ##

## **SQL Server：账号：sa;密码:password；IP地址:127.0.0.1** ##

## 1、来到:D:\\Oracle\\product\\11.2.0\\dbhome\_1\\dg4msql\\admin;打开initdg4msql.ora ##

![1504448-20190802224310636-637782306.png][]

1 这个目录下可以看到以下initdg4msql.ora文件，上面在安装透明网关的时候有配置的要链接SQL SERVER数据的地址和数据库名称，在这里都可以体现：

![1504448-20190802224603547-966495863.png][]

## 配置文件：initdg4msql.ora ##

1 # This is a customized agent init file that contains the HS parameters
     2 # that are needed for the Database Gateway for Microsoft SQL Server
     3 
     4 #
     5 # HS init parameters
     6 #
     7 HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO=[127.0.0.1]:1433//DEMO   注：连接其他的SQL Server可修改此处
     8 HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFF
     9 HS_FDS_RECOVERY_ACCOUNT=RECOVER
    10 HS_FDS_RECOVERY_PWD=RECOVER

### **检查一下HS\_FDS\_CONNECT\_INFO是否是我们想要链接的地址，格式为：目标数据库的IP地址：端口//数据库名。SQL SERVER的默认端口是1433。** ###

![1504448-20190802225105517-926573345.png][]

## 配置文件:listener.ora.sample(localhost是监听的IP地址，这里我们连的是本地,127.0.0.1也是可以的) ##

1 # This is a sample listener.ora that contains the NET8 parameters that are
     2 # needed to connect to an HS Agent
     3 
     4 LISTENER =
     5  (ADDRESS_LIST=
     6       (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))
     7  )
     8 
     9 SID_LIST_LISTENER=
    10   (SID_LIST=
    11       (SID_DESC=
    12          (SID_NAME=dg4msql)
    13          (ORACLE_HOME=D:\Oracle\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
    14          (PROGRAM=dg4msql)
    15       )
    16   )
    17 
    18 #CONNECT_TIMEOUT_LISTENER = 0

![1504448-20190802225410727-1553405941.png][]

## 配置文件：tnsnames.ora.sample ##

1 # This is a sample tnsnames.ora that contains the NET8 parameters that are
    2 # needed to connect to an HS Agent
    3 
    4 dg4msql  =
    5   (DESCRIPTION=
    6     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))
    7     (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=dg4msql))
    8     (HS=OK)
    9   )

##  2、配置透明网关的监听，来到：D:\\Oracle\\product\\11.2.0\\dbhome\_1\\NETWORK\\ADMIN(开始配置这3个文件) ##

![1504448-20190802225623761-782126970.png][]

![1504448-20190802225849202-1197403530.png][]

## 配置文件：listener.ora ##

1 # This is a sample listener.ora that contains the NET8 parameters that are
     2 # needed to connect to an HS Agent
     3 SID_LIST_LISTENER =
     4   (SID_LIST =
     5     (SID_DESC =
     6       (SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
     7       (ORACLE_HOME = D:\Oracle\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
     8       (PROGRAM = extproc)
     9       (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:D:\Oracle\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll")
    10     )
    11     (SID_DESC=
    12          (SID_NAME=dg4msql)
    13          (ORACLE_HOME=D:\Oracle\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
    14          (PROGRAM=dg4msql)
    15     )
    16   )
    17 
    18 LISTENER =
    19   (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    20     (DESCRIPTION =
    21       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    22       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = YRDLG5GS4G3ODYI)(PORT = 1521))
    23       (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521))
    24     )
    25   )
    26 
    27 ADR_BASE_LISTENER = D:\Oracle
    28 
    29 #CONNECT_TIMEOUT_LISTENER = 0

1 这里需要注意的主要是一下几点：
    2 PROGRAM为dg4msql：因为实例的配置文件在dg4msql目录下，就是上面的initdg4msql.ora文件所在的目录
    3 SID_NAME为dg4msql：这个sid就是上面的文件名中的sid，initdg4msql.ora的sid为dg4msql
    4 ORACLE_HOME就是我们透明网关的安装目录
    5 ORACLE的监听端口是1521，我的oracle和透明网关是安装在同一台机器上的，所以透明网关的监听端口设置为1522。
    6 一个initSID.ora文件就对应一个SID_DESC，可以根据想要链接的数据库来配置。

![1504448-20190802230533333-102998213.png][]

## 配置文件：sqlnet.ora ##

1 # sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: D:\Oracle\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora
     2 # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
     3 
     4 # This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to 
     5 # install "Software Only", this file wont exist and without the native 
     6 # authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT.
     7 
     8 SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NONE)
     9 
    10 NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)

![1504448-20190802230701789-1812769412.png][]

## 配置文件：tnsnames.ora ##

1 # This is a sample tnsnames.ora that contains the NET8 parameters that are
     2 # needed to connect to an HS Agent
     3 ORCL =
     4   (DESCRIPTION =
     5     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
     6     (CONNECT_DATA =
     7       (SERVER = DEDICATED)
     8       (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
     9     )
    10   )
    11 
    12 dg4msql  =
    13   (DESCRIPTION=
    14     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521))
    15     (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=dg4msql))
    16     (HS=OK)
    17   )

### 配置完之后，一定不要忘记重启监听！！！！！！一定不要忘记重启监听！！！！！！一定不要忘记重启监听！！！！！！ ###

1 命令：lsnrctl reload

![1504448-20190802231209547-2024031337.png][]

## 查看监听状态： ##

![1504448-20190802231347124-508066362.png][]

# 　　第四步：Oracle配置DBLink #

##  1、先查看哪些用户可以使用DBLink，没有则创建权限 ##

1 SELECT * FROM user_sys_privs where privilege like upper('%DATABASE LINK%')

![1504448-20190802232122062-1693764614.png][]

## 赋权限配置命令 ##

1 如：grant create public database link to system ;
    2 格式：grant create public database link to 用户名 ;

## 2、建立DBLink（用户要一定要权限才可以继续往下执行哦！没有的往上看，给用户配置权限） ##

1 查询dblink：
    2 select * from dba_db_links;
    3 
    4 删除dblink：
    5 DROP DATABASE LINK [name];

1 create database link DBTEST1
     2   connect to SA identified by "password"
     3   using 'dg4msql';
     4 
     5 
     6 
     7 格式：
     8 create database link DBLink名称  9   connect to SQL Server账户 identified by "SQL Server密码"
    10   using 'SID';

![1504448-20190802232959089-853120349.png][]

![1504448-20190802233024033-203839622.png][]

### 搞定！！！！ ###

#  下面这个报错信息，QQ群问一个遍，很少人知道DBLink这玩意，百度上资料也很少，捣鼓一下午，终于搞定了 #

![1504448-20190802233411879-1943738051.png][]

# 出现这个问题是因为这6个文件导致的！！！！！！ #

![1504448-20190802233525617-688050265.png][]

![1504448-20190802233634780-1149037864.png][]

捣鼓一下午，问题找到是因为这6个文件配置出问题了，这次就不再叙述了，修改那个配置文件了，配置文件因人而异，剩下的自己百度去查吧~~~~好了，捣鼓一天了，洗洗睡了，拜~~

## 整理的配置文档： ##

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Wdlo7j1NVmbmrvEwYNk1qw  
提取码：6esm

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/chenyanbin/p/11291752.html

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