SpringBoot集成Quartz实现分布式动态任务调度

川长思鸟来 2023-05-31 10:09 76阅读 0赞

通过Quartz实现动态的管理任务的执行，通过Quartz将任务持久化到数据库中，在集群环境中确保只有单节点执行，当某一节点出故障后，会切换到另一个节点执行。

**1 运行环境准备：**

去[官网][Link 1]下载Quartz的压缩包 将docs/dbTables/tables\_mysql.sql下的sql文件在Mysql数据库执行。这是Quartz框架负责实现任务调度的自带数据库。

**2 导入Jar包和quartz.properties属性配置：**

<dependency>
                    <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
                    <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
                    <version>2.3.0</version>
                </dependency>
    
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
                    <artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId>
                    <version>2.3.0</version>
                </dependency>
    
                <dependency>
                   <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
                   <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
                   <version>0.9.5.2</version>
                </dependency>

quartz.properties配置文件：

org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName=quartzScheduler
    org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId=AUTO
    org.quartz.scheduler.makeSchedulerThreadDaemon=true
    org.quartz.threadPool.class=org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
    org.quartz.threadPool.makeThreadsDaemons=true
    #线程数量
    org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount=20
    org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread=true
    #线程优先级
    org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority=5
    org.quartz.jobStore.class=org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
    org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass=org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
    #org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource = springTxDataSource.schedulerFactoryBean
    
    org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix=QRTZ_
    #加入集群
    org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered=true
    #容许的最大作业延
    org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold=25000
    #调度实例失效的检查时间间隔
    org.quartz.jobStore.clusterCheckinInterval: 5000
    
    org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties=true
    
    org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource = qzDS
    
    org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    
    org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.URL = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC
    
    org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.user = root
    
    org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.password = root
    
    org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.maxConnections = 10

**3 配置Quartz所需的bean：**

package com.irootech.config.quartz;
    
    import org.quartz.ee.servlet.QuartzInitializerListener;
    import org.quartz.spi.JobFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean;
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.Properties;
    
    @Configuration
    public class SchedulerConfig {
        // 配置文件路径
        private static final String QUARTZ_CONFIG = "/quartz.properties";
    
        @Autowired
        private AutowiredSpringBeanJobFactory autoWiredSpringBeanToJobFactory;
    
        /**
         * 从quartz.properties文件中读取Quartz配置属性
         * @return
         * @throws IOException
         */
        @Bean
        public Properties quartzProperties() throws IOException {
            PropertiesFactoryBean propertiesFactoryBean = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
            propertiesFactoryBean.setLocation(new ClassPathResource(QUARTZ_CONFIG));
            propertiesFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet();
            return propertiesFactoryBean.getObject();
        }
        /**
         * JobFactory与schedulerFactoryBean中的JobFactory相互依赖,注意bean的名称
         * 在这里为JobFactory注入了Spring上下文
         *
         * @param applicationContext
         * @return
         */
        @Bean
        public JobFactory buttonJobFactory(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
            AutowiredSpringBeanJobFactory jobFactory = new AutowiredSpringBeanJobFactory();
            jobFactory.setApplicationContext(applicationContext);
            return jobFactory;
        }
        /*
         * quartz初始化监听器，项目启动的时候自动执行任务
         */
        @Bean
        public QuartzInitializerListener executorListener() {
            return new QuartzInitializerListener();
        }
    
        @Bean
        public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean() throws IOException {
            SchedulerFactoryBean factory = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
            factory.setJobFactory(autoWiredSpringBeanToJobFactory);
            factory.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true);
            factory.setAutoStartup(true);
            // factory.setStartupDelay(0);
            factory.setQuartzProperties(quartzProperties());
            //  factory.setDataSource(dataSource);
            return factory;
        }
    }

**4 Quartz的Job任务实例没有被Spring容器管理，所以当在Job实例对象中需要依赖注入的对象时，这个对象是为空的，比如我要在Job的实现类中调用业务层，那么通过@Autowired注入的UserService是null对象，解决方法是：通过继承SpringBeanJobFactory，在生成Job实例对象的的时候通过AutowireCapbaleBeanFactory将Job实例注入到Spring容器中去。**

package com.irootech.config.quartz;
    
    import org.quartz.spi.TriggerFiredBundle;
    import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory;
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SpringBeanJobFactory;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Component
    public class AutowiredSpringBeanJobFactory extends SpringBeanJobFactory implements ApplicationContextAware {
    
        private AutowireCapableBeanFactory autowireCapableBeanFactory;
        @Override
        public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
            autowireCapableBeanFactory=applicationContext.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory();
        }
    
        @Override
        protected Object createJobInstance(TriggerFiredBundle bundle) throws Exception {
           Object obj=super.createJobInstance(bundle);
           autowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBean(obj);
           return obj;
        }
    }

5  工具类编写，调度任务：

package com.irootech.config.quartz;
    
    import org.quartz.*;
    import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import springfox.documentation.annotations.Cacheable;
    
    import java.util.List;
    @Component
    public class QuartzManager {
        @Autowired
        SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactory;
    
        private Scheduler scheduler = null;
    
       /* private static SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory =  new StdSchedulerFactory();
    
        private Scheduler scheduler = null;*/
    
        /**
         * @Description: 添加一个定时任务
         *
         * @param jobName 任务名
         * @param jobGroupName  任务组名
         * @param triggerName 触发器名
         * @param triggerGroupName 触发器组名
         * @param jobClass  任务
         * @param cron   时间设置，参考quartz说明文档
         */
        @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
        public   void addJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName, String triggerName, String triggerGroupName, Class jobClass, String cron) {
            try {
                // 任务名，任务组，任务执行类
                Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
                JobDetail jobDetail= JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass).withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName).build();
                // 触发器
                TriggerBuilder<Trigger> triggerBuilder = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger();
                // 触发器名,触发器组
                triggerBuilder.withIdentity(triggerName, triggerGroupName);
                triggerBuilder.startNow();
                // 触发器时间设定
                triggerBuilder.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cron));
                // 创建Trigger对象
                CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) triggerBuilder.build();
                // 调度容器设置JobDetail和Trigger
                scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
                // 启动
                if (!scheduler.isShutdown()) {
                    scheduler.start();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
    
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * @Description: 修改一个任务的触发时间
         *
         * @param jobName
         * @param jobGroupName
         * @param triggerName 触发器名
         * @param triggerGroupName 触发器组名
         * @param cron   时间设置，参考quartz说明文档
         */
        public   void modifyJobTime(String jobName,String jobGroupName, String triggerName, String triggerGroupName, String cron) {
            try {
                Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
                TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(triggerName, triggerGroupName);
                CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);
                if (trigger == null) {
                    return;
                }
    
                String oldTime = trigger.getCronExpression();
                if (!oldTime.equalsIgnoreCase(cron)) {
                    System.out.println("任务："+jobName+"被修改");
                    /** 方式一 ：调用 rescheduleJob 开始 */
                   /* // 触发器
                    TriggerBuilder<Trigger> triggerBuilder = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger();
                    // 触发器名,触发器组
                    triggerBuilder.withIdentity(triggerName, triggerGroupName);
                    triggerBuilder.startNow();
                    // 触发器时间设定
                    triggerBuilder.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cron));
                    // 创建Trigger对象
                    trigger = (CronTrigger) triggerBuilder.build();
                    // 方式一 ：修改一个任务的触发时间
                    scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);*/
                    /** 方式一 ：调用 rescheduleJob 结束 */
    
                    /** 方式二：先删除，然后在创建一个新的Job  */
                    JobDetail jobDetail = scheduler.getJobDetail(JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName));
                    Class<? extends Job> jobClass = jobDetail.getJobClass();
                    removeJob(jobName, jobGroupName, triggerName, triggerGroupName);
                    addJob(jobName, jobGroupName, triggerName, triggerGroupName, jobClass,cron);
                    /** 方式二 ：先删除，然后在创建一个新的Job */
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * @Description: 移除一个任务
         *
         * @param jobName
         * @param jobGroupName
         * @param triggerName
         * @param triggerGroupName
         */
        public    void removeJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName,String triggerName, String triggerGroupName) {
            try {
                Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
                TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(triggerName, triggerGroupName);
                scheduler.pauseTrigger(triggerKey);// 停止触发器
                scheduler.unscheduleJob(triggerKey);// 移除触发器
                scheduler.deleteJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName));// 删除任务
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * @Description:启动所有定时任务
         */
        public    void startJobs() {
            try {
                Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
                scheduler.start();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * @Description:关闭所有定时任务
         */
        public  void shutdownJobs() {
            try {
                Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
                if (!scheduler.isShutdown()) {
                    scheduler.shutdown();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * 获取当前正在执行的任务
         * @return
         */
        public  boolean getCurrentJobs(String name){
            try {
                Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
                List<JobExecutionContext> jobContexts = scheduler.getCurrentlyExecutingJobs();
                for (JobExecutionContext context : jobContexts) {
                    if (name.equals(context.getTrigger().getJobKey().getName())) {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
            return false;
        }
    
        public Scheduler getScheduler() {
            return scheduler;
        }
    
        public void setScheduler(Scheduler scheduler) {
            this.scheduler = scheduler;
        }
    
        /**
         * @description :暂停任务
         * @param jobName :
         * @param jobGroupName :
         * @return :void
         * @date : 2019/10/16 14:15
         */
        public  void pauseJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName){
            try {
                Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
                scheduler.pauseJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName));
            } catch (SchedulerException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException();
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * @description :恢复任务
         * @param jobName :
         * @param jobGroupName :
         * @return :void
         * @date : 2019/10/16 14:17
         */
        public  void resumeJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName){
            try {
                Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
                scheduler.resumeJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName));
            } catch (SchedulerException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException();
            }
    
        }
    
    
    }

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[Link 1]: http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/downloads/
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