结构体变量定义和初始化的方式

谁借莪１个温暖的怀抱￠ 2023-05-31 03:25 19阅读 0赞

定义结构体变量有三种方式：

(1)  用结构体类型定义变量

#define  _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 
    #include<stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <string.h>
    
    struct Teacher {
    
    	int age;
    	char name[64];
    };
    
    int main()
    {
    
    	struct Teacher t1;
    	t1.age = 12;
    	strcpy(t1.name,"hello");
    
    	printf("%d \n", t1.age);
    	printf("%s \n", t1.name);
    }

用typedef定义一个结构体别名，注意与上一个定义结构体的方式的语法的区别：

#define  _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 
    #include<stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <string.h>
    
    typedef struct Teacher {
    
    	int age;
    	char name[64];
    } Teach;
    
    int main()
    {
    
    	Teach t1;
    	t1.age = 12;
    	strcpy(t1.name,"hello");
    
    	printf("%d \n", t1.age);
    	printf("%s \n", t1.name);
    }

（2） 定义类型的同时，定义变量

struct _Student
    {
    	char	name[32];
    	char	tile[32];
    	int		age;
    	char	addr[128];
    }s1, s2;  //定义类型的同时，定义变量；

(3) 直接定义结构体变量，忽略名字，如下：

struct 
    {
    	char	name[32];
    	char	tile[32];
    	int		age;
    	char	addr[128];
    }s1, s2;  //定义类型的同时，定义变量；

初始化结构体类型变量的方式：

(1)

struct _Teacher t4 = {"name2", "tile2", 2, "addr2"};

(2)

struct Dog1
    {
    	char	name[32];
    	char	tile[32];
    	int		age;
    	char	addr[128];
    }d5 = {"dog", "gongzhu", 1, "ddd"};

(3)

struct 
    {
    	char	name[32];
    	char	tile[32];
    	int		age;
    	char	addr[128];
    }d6 = {"dog", "gongzhu", 1, "ddd"};
    //结构体变量的引用

对结构体的操作：

int main11()
    {
    	//struct _Teacher t1, t2;
    	//定义同时初始化
    	{
    		struct _Teacher t3 = {"name2", "tile2", 2, "addr2"};
    		printf("%s\n", t3.name);
    		printf("%s\n", t3.tile);
    	}
    
    	//用指针法和变量法分别操作结构体
    	{
    		struct _Teacher t4;
    		struct _Teacher *pTeacher = NULL;
    		pTeacher = &t4;
    
    		strcpy(t4.name, "wangbaoming");
    
    		strcpy(pTeacher->addr, "ddddd");
    		
    		printf("t4.name:%s\n", t4.name);
    	}
    
    	printf("hello....\n");
    	getchar();
    	return 0;
    }