阿里云实现发送短信（java实例教程）

系统管理员 2023-05-21 10:24 34阅读 0赞

Java实现发送短信  
学习视频地址：https://www.bilibili.com/video/av93808102  
一．开通短信服务  
1.百度搜索阿里大鱼  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200420205027416.png]  
2.登录或注册（我是用支付宝登录的）  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
3.点击进入短信服务  
**点击短信服务**  
![在这里插入图片描述][202004202050536.png]  
**点击管理控制台**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
**短信服务页面**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
4.查看帮助文档  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200420205125664.png]  
**帮助文档页面**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
**获取私钥和密钥**  
点击进入阿里云短信服务文档使用指引  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200420205151695.png]  
点击获取AccessKey（一定要保存好，而且不要给别人看）  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200420205200262.png]  
**快速入门界面**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
1)实名认证（没什么好说的）  
2)开通短信服务  
**点击阿里云短信服务文档使用指引**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200420205227173.png]  
**点击开通短信服务**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200420205239635.png]  
3)申请短信签名  
添加签名（需要审核）  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
**签名页面：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
4)申请短信模板  
**添加短信模板（需要审核）**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
**模板页面**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]  
5)发送短信  
**点击安装你需要的SDK（我用的是java SDK**）  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]  
**点击下载jar包，并导进项目中（还得导入一个gson.2.8.1.jar,有的版本不兼容）**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]  
或者使用maven(推荐)

<dependency>
         <groupId>com.aliyun</groupId>
         <artifactId>aliyun-java-sdk-core</artifactId>
         <version>4.1.0</version> 
    </dependency>

**点击openAPI Explorer**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200420205412845.png]  
输入左边的参数，自动生成右边的代码。将右边的代码复制到项目中。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]  
5.注意事项  
**需要创建一个用户并授权（否则会报未授权的错误）**  
点击右边用户下面显示的访问控制，点击用户管理。新建一个用户（会审核一下）。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]  
给新建的用户授予短信服务的权力：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]  
**需要充值一点钱（否则测试的时候会显示余额不足）。**  
6.验证码测试案例  
**前端代码（index.jsp）**

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>短信验证码系统</title>
    <style type="text/css">
       body{
         background: #1f1f2b;
         color: #fff;
       }
        .box{
         width: 400px;
         margin: 100px auto;
         padding: 30px;
         background: rgba(225,225,225,0.15);
         box-shadow: 0px 0px 50px 0px #fff;
         border-radius: 35px;
       }
       .context{
          background: rgba(88,144,16,0.08);
          height: 200px;
       }
       h3{
          text-align: center;
       }
       .controller{
         margin-top: 20px;
         padding-left: 32px;
         padding-top: 20px;
       }
       input{
         background: none;
         border: none;
         border-bottom: 1px solid; #abaac2;
         color: #fff;
       }
       a{
         color: #dec4c4;
         margin-left: 20px;
       }
       button {
    	 text-align: center;
    	 width: 100px;
    	 font-size: 20px;
    	 background: #87b5b3;
    	 color: #fff;
    	 border: none;
    	 padding: 10px;
    	 border-radius: 50px;
    	 outline: none;
       }
       button:hover{
         box-shadow: 0px 0px 5px 0px #fff;
       }
       
    </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    <div class="box">
        <h3>【里旗书城】短信验证码系统</h3>
    	<div class="context">
    	   <div class="controller">
    	                  手机号码：<input type="text" id="phone">
    	   </div>
    	   <div class="controller">
    	       <input type="text" id="code"><a href="javascript:void(0)" id="getCode">获取验证码</a>
    	   </div>
    	   <div class="controller">
    	      <button style="text-align: center" onclick="validate()">校验</button>
    	   </div>
    	</div>
    </div>
    <script type="text/javascript">
       var obj = document.getElementById("getCode");
       var flag = 60; //全局变量
       obj.onclick=function(){
    	   //控制时间
    	   if(flag<60){
    		   return;
    	   }
    	   //ajax
    	   var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    	   xhr.open("get","getCode.do?phone="+document.getElementById("phone").value,true);//true:表示异步请求
    	   //监控请求状态
    	   xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){
    		   if(xhr.readyState==4&&xhr.status==200){
    			   //alert(xhr.responseText);
    		   }
    	   }
    	   xhr.send(null);
    	   timer();
       }
       function validate(){
    	 //ajax
    	   var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    	   xhr.open("get","validate.do?code="+document.getElementById("code").value,true);//true:表示异步请求
    	   //监控请求状态
    	   xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){
    		   if(xhr.readyState==4&&xhr.status==200){
    			   alert(xhr.responseText);
    		   }
    	   }
    	   xhr.send(null);
       }
       //计时器
       function timer(){
    	   flag--;
    	   obj.innerHTML=flag+"秒以后重新获取验证码"
    	   if(flag==0){
    		   obj.innerHTML="获取验证码";
    		   flag=60;
    	   }else{
    		   setTimeout("timer()",1000);//递归
    	   }
       }
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

**后端代码- GetCodeServlet（发送验证码并获取发送的验证码）**

import java.io.IOException;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import com.aliyuncs.CommonRequest;
    import com.aliyuncs.CommonResponse;
    import com.aliyuncs.DefaultAcsClient;
    import com.aliyuncs.IAcsClient;
    import com.aliyuncs.exceptions.ClientException;
    import com.aliyuncs.exceptions.ServerException;
    import com.aliyuncs.http.MethodType;
    import com.aliyuncs.profile.DefaultProfile;
    @WebServlet("/getCode.do")
    public class GetCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
       @Override
       public void service(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,IOException{
    	   //生成一个思维数的随机验证码
    	   String str = "";
    	   for(int i = 0;i<4;i++) {
    		   str+=(int)Math.floor(Math.random()*10);
    	   }
    	   request.getSession().setAttribute("_code", str);
    	   //获取前台传送过来的手机号码
    	   String phone = request.getParameter("phone");
    	   sendMsg(phone, str);
       }
       private void sendMsg(String phone,String str) {
    	   DefaultProfile profile = DefaultProfile.getProfile("cn-hangzhou", "LTAI4FvTFDDuFoQuiybujgkq", "ZuXKnXoFeoz5MuIkF66hMNi3DDqwt9");
           IAcsClient client = new DefaultAcsClient(profile);
    
           CommonRequest request = new CommonRequest();
           request.setMethod(MethodType.POST);
           request.setDomain("dysmsapi.aliyuncs.com");
           request.setVersion("2017-05-25");
           request.setAction("SendSms");
           request.putQueryParameter("RegionId", "cn-hangzhou");
           request.putQueryParameter("PhoneNumbers", phone);
           request.putQueryParameter("SignName", "里旗书城");
           request.putQueryParameter("TemplateCode", "SMS_186577188");
           request.putQueryParameter("TemplateParam", "{'code':'"+str+"'}");
           try {
               CommonResponse response = client.getCommonResponse(request);
               System.out.println(response.getData());
           } catch (ServerException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           } catch (ClientException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }
    }

**后端代码- ValidateServlet（验证码校验）**

import java.io.IOException;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    @WebServlet("/validate.do")
    public class ValidateServlet extends HttpServlet {
    
    	 @Override
    	 public void service(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,IOException{
    		 //1.获取前台传送过来的code
    		 String code = request.getParameter("code");
    		 //2.获取后台随机产生的验证码
    		 String _code = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("_code");
    		 //3.对比是否相等
    		 if(_code.equals(code)) {
    			 System.out.println("成功！");
    			 response.getWriter().print("success....");
    		 }else {
    			 response.getWriter().print("fail....");
    		 }
    	 }
    }

[20200420205027416.png]: /images/20230521/1ef1f322b0cf4e4e84b31dbdfd0fb780.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20230521/1c405f19bc414a9d9621f96c4ee155e7.png
[202004202050536.png]: /images/20230521/656828626d7a4b82b7ae094605f857c7.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20230521/88db017ff425446f955156c14197764a.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20230521/6df5baffd58245b7b191720948c39c9b.png
[20200420205125664.png]: /images/20230521/d11fdbae65f64f238776b7f0d23088c9.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20230521/20941f67e6cd4b30bb7f8e93a826d062.png
[20200420205151695.png]: /images/20230521/7cd250542c7b43daa7966e7e2d3863e2.png
[20200420205200262.png]: /images/20230521/eec3435a56d94508aa2f6d32272adaae.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20230521/33e5bc79cd5e4d189c7593d5a390d0db.png
[20200420205227173.png]: /images/20230521/4bf263ee8f704790af9575c29722261d.png
[20200420205239635.png]: /images/20230521/047afd9584b84371ba569704dffec6d3.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20230521/ea81540e0f93470499fc5e2c14c824ae.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20230521/8a231f5caca44e3581ec898805175dec.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: /images/20230521/cc1ab805a7a341a2bcb69a59fa0ed618.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: /images/20230521/6761de5859de405c879cb8c2954da745.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]: /images/20230521/2775e7b6e5424532a1538799b461d899.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]: /images/20230521/4c7d2d0728f14a5493033d0684add49e.png
[20200420205412845.png]: /images/20230521/8c879eb5446d43cf9b077bf3ed924401.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]: /images/20230521/0cfe617e66a345fe9b869c2e0e4b9c4f.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]: /images/20230521/9477ebe5067c4958b121416455704927.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dvYWlsaXFpMTIxMzQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]: /images/20230521/da282b89e74a498ab7bcb3e8fc4bc97e.png