Python多线程爬取小说

心已赠人 2023-03-12 09:27 2阅读 0赞

> [上一篇 Python爬取文章和小说内容][Python]

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## 一、效果 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L20wXzQ1MjM0NTEw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

## 二、代码(可直接运行) ##

先安装所需要的库

> 1、`pip install requests`  
> 2、`pip install lxml`  
> 3、`pip install bs4`

安装完成后则可运行代码：

import requests
    from lxml import etree
    import os
    from queue import Queue
    import threading
    class Biquge(threading.Thread):
        def __init__(self,url=None,name=None,q_novels=None):
            super().__init__()
            self.url = url
            self.name = name
            self.q_novel = q_novels
            self.proxies = self.get_proxies()
            # self.parse()
    
        def get_proxies(self):
            try:
                response = requests.get('http://localhost:5000/get')
                proxy = response.text
                proxies = { 
                    'http': 'http://' + proxy
                }
                return proxies
            except Exception:
                return None
    
        def get_xpath_by_requests(self,url, proxies):
            '''
            :param url:
            :param proxies: 代理字典
            :return:
            '''
            try:
                headers = { 
                    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.86 Safari/537.36',
                    'Cookie': '_abcde_qweasd=0; _abcde_qweasd=0; bdshare_firstime=1577178973028; Hm_lvt_169609146ffe5972484b0957bd1b46d6=1577178973,1577186563,1577186739,1577235413; BAIDU_SSP_lcr=https://www.baidu.com/link?url=AvLJGcMiHKBXi90P2T0xOluezhPz2PeeTLAbP75dmma&wd=&eqid=e131d391001338d8000000025e02b3d2; Hm_lpvt_169609146ffe5972484b0957bd1b46d6=1577235422',
                    'Referer': 'http://www.xbiquge.la/'
                }
                response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, proxies=proxies)
                return etree.HTML(response.content.decode('utf-8'))
            except Exception:
                new_proxies = self.get_proxies()
                print('更换{}代理ip！'.format(new_proxies))
                return self.get_xpath_by_requests(url, new_proxies)
    
        def get_text(self,text):
            if text:
                return text[0]
            return ''
    
        def write_to_txt(self,text, book_name):
            filename = './book/' + book_name + '.txt'   # 保存的文件名以及文件格式
            dirname = os.path.dirname(filename)
            if not os.path.exists(dirname):
                os.mkdir(dirname)
            with open(filename, 'a+', encoding='utf-8') as fp:   # 写入操作
                fp.write(text)
    
        def parse_chapter(self,url):
            url = 'http://www.xbiquge.la' + url
            html = self.get_xpath_by_requests(url, self.proxies)
            chapter_name = self.get_text(html.xpath('//div[@class="bookname"]/h1/text()'))
            book_name = self.get_text(html.xpath('//div[@class="con_top"]/a[last()]/text()'))
            # print(chapter_name,book_name)
            contents = html.xpath('//div[@id="content"]/text()')
            # print(type(contents))
            # content = ''
            content = ''.join(contents)
            text = chapter_name + r'\n' + content
            self.write_to_txt(text, book_name)
            # print(url)
            # print(''.join(contents))
    
        def parse_novel(self,url):
            # 获取页面xpath对象
            html = self.get_xpath_by_requests(url, self.proxies)
            chapters = html.xpath('//div[@id="list"]/dl/dd/a/@href')
            # print(chapters)
            for chapter in chapters:
                self.parse_chapter(chapter)
    
        def get_novels(self):
            html = self.get_xpath_by_requests(self.url, self.proxies)
            novel_urls = html.xpath('//span[@class="s2"]/a/@href')
            # print(novel_urls)
            return novel_urls
            # for url in novel_urls:
            #     self.parse_novel(url)
        def run(self):
            while True:
                if self.q_novel.empty():
                    break
                novel_url = self.q_novel.get()
                print('======={}==========@{}'.format(novel_url,self.name))
                self.parse_novel(novel_url)
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        base_url = 'http://www.xbiquge.la/xuanhuanxiaoshuo/'
        b = Biquge(url=base_url)
        novel_urs = b.get_novels()
        #初始化任务队列
        q_novels = Queue()
        for url in novel_urs:
            q_novels.put(url)
        #创建一个list，遍历这个list创建线程
        crawl_list = ['1','2','3','4','5']
        for crwal in crawl_list:
            t = Biquge(name = crwal,q_novels=q_novels)
            t.start()

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> [上一篇 Python爬取文章和小说内容][Python]

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/D\_wart/article/details/103695881

[Python]: https://blog.csdn.net/m0_45234510/article/details/106054094
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