ListView和RecyclerView的简单使用

深藏阁楼爱情的钟 2023-03-04 14:25 132阅读 0赞

ListView和RecyclerView是Android开发中常用的两个模块，本文来简单介绍一下它们的基本使用方法，主要模块：

*  TabLayout
 *  ViewPager
 *  Fragment
 *  ListView
 *  RecyclerView  
    
    
    ### 文章目录 ###
    
     *  1. 效果
     *  2. 文件目录
     *  3. 配置
     *  4. layout布局
     *   *  4.1 activity\_main.xml
         *  4.2 fragment\_list.xml
         *  4.3 fragment\_recycler.xml
         *  4.4 item\_layout.xml
     *  5. Java文件
     *   *  5.1 MainActivity.java
         *  5.2 FragmentList.java
         *  5.3 ListviewAdapter
         *  5.4 FragmentRecycler.java
         *  5.5 RecyclerviewAdapter.java

# 1. 效果 #

![20200804113707778.gif_pic_center][]

# 2. 文件目录 #

![20200804113829996.png_pic_center][]

# 3. 配置 #

由于使用了Material Design中的TabLayout，需要在**app**文件夹下**build.gradle**中的 dependencies声明一些依赖

dependencies {
        implementation fileTree(dir: "libs", include: ["*.jar"])
        implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'
        implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'
        // Material Design
        implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.1.0'
        // RecyclerView
        implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0'
        testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13'
        androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
        androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
    
    }

# 4. layout布局 #

## 4.1 activity\_main.xml ##

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" tools:context=".MainActivity">
    
        <com.google.android.material.tabs.TabLayout android:id="@+id/main_tab" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="36dp" />
    
        <androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager android:id="@+id/main_viewpager" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" />
    
    </LinearLayout>

## 4.2 fragment\_list.xml ##

## 4.3 fragment\_recycler.xml ##

## 4.4 item\_layout.xml ##

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="horizontal">
    
        <ImageView android:id="@+id/item_image" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:contentDescription="@string/todo" android:src="@drawable/test_img" />
    
        <TextView android:id="@+id/item_text" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/this_is_text" android:textSize="36sp" />
    
    
    </LinearLayout>

# 5. Java文件 #

## 5.1 MainActivity.java ##

package com.example.list_recycler;
    
    import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
    import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
    import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
    import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
    import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentPagerAdapter;
    import androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager;
    
    import android.os.Bundle;
    
    import com.google.android.material.tabs.TabLayout;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { 
        // 声明用到的组件
        private TabLayout tabLayout;
        private ViewPager viewPager;
        final List<Fragment> fragmentList = new ArrayList<>();
        final List<String> stringList = new ArrayList<>();
    
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            // 绑定组件
            initView();
            // 添加显示的选项
            stringList.add("ListView");
            stringList.add("RecyclerView");
            // 添加展示的数据
            String[] data = { "111", "222", "333", "444", "555", "666", "777", "888", "999", "1000"};
            int[] images = { R.drawable.test_img, R.drawable.test_img, R.drawable.test_img, R.drawable.test_img, R.drawable.test_img, R.drawable.test_img, R.drawable.test_img, R.drawable.test_img, R.drawable.test_img, R.drawable.test_img};
            List<Map<String, Object>> list_map = new ArrayList<>();
            for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { 
                // 创建一个键值对的Map集合，用来存放名字和头像
                Map<String, Object> items = new HashMap<>();
                // 放入图像， 根据下标获取数组
                items.put("pic", images[i]);
                // 放入文字， 根据下标获取数组
                items.put("name", data[i]);
                // 把这个存放好数据的Map集合放入到list_map中
                list_map.add(items);
            }
            // 添加显示的fragment
            fragmentList.add(new FragmentList(list_map));
            fragmentList.add(new FragmentRecycler(list_map));
            // 设置viewpager的适配器
            viewPager.setAdapter(new FragmentPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager(), FragmentPagerAdapter.BEHAVIOR_RESUME_ONLY_CURRENT_FRAGMENT) { 
                @NonNull
                @Override
                public Fragment getItem(int position) { 
                    return fragmentList.get(position);
                }
    
                @Override
                public int getCount() { 
                    return fragmentList.size();
                }
    
                @Nullable
                @Override
                public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) { 
                    return stringList.get(position);
                }
            });
            // 加载viewpager
            tabLayout.setupWithViewPager(viewPager);
        }
    
        private void initView() { 
            tabLayout = findViewById(R.id.main_tab);
            viewPager = findViewById(R.id.main_viewpager);
        }
    }

## 5.2 FragmentList.java ##

package com.example.list_recycler;
    
    import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.view.LayoutInflater;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.AdapterView;
    import android.widget.ListView;
    import android.widget.Toast;
    
    import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
    import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
    import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
    
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    public class FragmentList extends Fragment { 
        private final List<Map<String, Object>> list_map;
    
        public FragmentList(List<Map<String, Object>> name) { 
            list_map = name;
        }
    
        @Nullable
        @Override
        public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
            @SuppressLint("InflateParams") View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_list, null);
            ListviewAdapter adapter = new ListviewAdapter(list_map);
            ListView listView = view.findViewById(R.id.frag_list);
            // 设置适配器
            listView.setAdapter(adapter);
            // 点击事件
            listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() { 
                @Override
                public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) { 
                    Toast.makeText(getContext(), "点击了：" + (position + 1), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            });
            // 长按事件
            listView.setOnItemLongClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemLongClickListener() { 
                @Override
                public boolean onItemLongClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) { 
                    Toast.makeText(getContext(), "长按了：" + (position + 1), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    return true;
                }
            });
            return view;
        }
    }

## 5.3 ListviewAdapter ##

package com.example.list_recycler;
    
    import android.view.LayoutInflater;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
    import android.widget.ImageView;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Objects;
    
    public class ListviewAdapter extends BaseAdapter { 
        private final List<Map<String, Object>> list_map;
    
        public ListviewAdapter(List<Map<String, Object>> list_map) { 
            this.list_map = list_map;
    
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getCount() { 
            return list_map.size();
        }
    
        @Override
        public Object getItem(int position) { 
            return list_map.get(position);
        }
    
        @Override
        public long getItemId(int position) { 
            return position;
        }
    
        @Override
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { 
            if (convertView == null) { 
                convertView = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item_layout, parent, false);
            }
            TextView textView = convertView.findViewById(R.id.item_text);
            ImageView imageView = convertView.findViewById(R.id.item_image);
            textView.setText(Objects.requireNonNull(list_map.get(position).get("name")).toString());
            imageView.setImageResource(Objects.requireNonNull((Integer) list_map.get(position).get("pic")));
            return convertView;
        }
    }

## 5.4 FragmentRecycler.java ##

package com.example.list_recycler;
    
    import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.view.LayoutInflater;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    
    import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
    import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
    import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
    import androidx.recyclerview.widget.DividerItemDecoration;
    import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
    import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
    
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Objects;
    
    public class FragmentRecycler extends Fragment { 
        private final List<Map<String, Object>> list_map;
    
        public FragmentRecycler(List<Map<String, Object>> list_map) { 
            this.list_map = list_map;
        }
    
        @Nullable
        @Override
        public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
            @SuppressLint("InflateParams") View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_recycler, null);
            RecyclerView recyclerView = view.findViewById(R.id.frag_recyc);
            RecyclerviewAdapter adapter = new RecyclerviewAdapter(list_map);
            recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
            // 线性布局
            recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(getContext()));
            // 分割线
            recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(Objects.requireNonNull(getContext()), DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL));
            return view;
        }
    }

## 5.5 RecyclerviewAdapter.java ##

package com.example.list_recycler;
    
    import android.view.LayoutInflater;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.ImageView;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    import android.widget.Toast;
    
    import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
    import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
    
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Objects;
    
    public class RecyclerviewAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerviewAdapter.MyViewHolder> { 
        private final List<Map<String, Object>> list_map;
    
        public RecyclerviewAdapter(List<Map<String, Object>> list_map) { 
            this.list_map = list_map;
        }
    
        @NonNull
        @Override
        public MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) { 
            //创建ViewHolder，返回每一项的布局
            View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item_layout, parent, false);
            return new MyViewHolder(view);
        }
    
        // 通过holder设置TextView，ImageView的内容
        @Override
        public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull MyViewHolder holder, final int position) { 
            holder.textView.setText(Objects.requireNonNull(list_map.get(position).get("name")).toString());
            holder.imageView.setImageResource(Objects.requireNonNull((Integer) list_map.get(position).get("pic")));
            // 点击事件
            holder.item_View.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { 
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) { 
                    Toast.makeText(v.getContext(), "点击了" + (position + 1), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            });
            // 长按事件
            holder.item_View.setOnLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener() { 
                @Override
                public boolean onLongClick(View v) { 
                    Toast.makeText(v.getContext(), "长按了" + (position + 1), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    return true;
                }
            });
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getItemCount() { 
            return list_map.size();
        }
    
        public static class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder { 
            private final ImageView imageView;
            private final TextView textView;
            private final View item_View;
    
            public MyViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) { 
                super(itemView);
                this.item_View = itemView;
                this.imageView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_image);
                this.textView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_text);
            }
        }
    }

[20200804113707778.gif_pic_center]: /images/20230208/be8a3431b0564f98b8edd05a2bd403c3.png
[20200804113829996.png_pic_center]: /images/20230208/da4fc8b306a347b68a438d59f9451959.png