二、SpringBoot的配置--bilibili雷丰阳笔记

偏执的太偏执、 2023-03-02 10:21 3阅读 0赞

1、配置文件

application.properties

application.yml

2、yml

字面量： 数字 字符串 布尔 中间有空格 不加双引号和单引号，双引号（不会转义特殊字符）和单引号（会转义）

k: v

对象：map

friends:
    	lastName: zhangsan
    	age: 20

行内写法

friends: {lastName: zhangsan,age: lisi}

数组：list set

用短横线-数组元素

pets:
     - cat
     - dog
     - pig

行内写法

pets: [cat,dog,pig]

项目

从配置文件获取值

application.yml

person:
      lastName: zhangsan
      age: 18
      boss: false
      birth: 2017/12/12
      maps: {k1: v1,k2: v2}
      lists:
        - lisi
        - zhangliu
      dog:
        name: 小狗
        age: 12

javaBean

package com.it.springboot01helloworld.bean;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    /**
     * 将配置中每个文件的值，映射到这个组件中
     */
    @Component
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
    public class Person {
        private String lastName;
        private Integer age;
        private boolean boss;
        private Date birth;
    
        private Map<String, Object> maps;
        private List<Object> lists;
        private Dog dog;
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Person{" +
                    "lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
                    ", age=" + age +
                    ", boss=" + boss +
                    ", birth=" + birth +
                    ", maps=" + maps +
                    ", lists=" + lists +
                    ", dog=" + dog +
                    '}';
        }
    
        public String getLastName() {
            return lastName;
        }
    
        public void setLastName(String lastName) {
            this.lastName = lastName;
        }
    
        public Integer getAge() {
            return age;
        }
    
        public void setAge(Integer age) {
            this.age = age;
        }
    
        public boolean isBoss() {
            return boss;
        }
    
        public void setBoss(boolean boss) {
            this.boss = boss;
        }
    
        public Date getBirth() {
            return birth;
        }
    
        public void setBirth(Date birth) {
            this.birth = birth;
        }
    
        public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
            return maps;
        }
    
        public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
            this.maps = maps;
        }
    
        public List<Object> getLists() {
            return lists;
        }
    
        public void setLists(List<Object> lists) {
            this.lists = lists;
        }
    
        public Dog getDog() {
            return dog;
        }
    
        public void setDog(Dog dog) {
            this.dog = dog;
        }
    }
    
    package com.it.springboot01helloworld.bean;
    
    public class Dog {
        private String name;
        private Integer age;
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Dog{" +
                    "name='" + name + '\'' +
                    ", age=" + age +
                    '}';
        }
    
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        public Integer getAge() {
            return age;
        }
    
        public void setAge(Integer age) {
            this.age = age;
        }
    }

pom 导入

<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>

测试

package com.it.springboot01helloworld;
    
    import com.it.springboot01helloworld.bean.Person;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
    
    /**
     * 在编码的时候进行容器注入
     */
    @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    @SpringBootTest
    public class SpringBootApplicationTest {
    
        @Autowired
        Person person;
    
        @Test
        public void contextLoads(){
            System.out.println(person);
        }
    }

application.properties文件

person.last-name=张三
    person.age=12
    person.birth=2017/12/15
    person.boss=false
    person.maps.k1=v1
    person.maps.k2=v2
    person.lists=a,b,c
    person.dog.name=dog
    person.dog.age=10

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1.如果只需从配置文件获取一个值 @Value("$\{person.last-name\}")

2.如果 javabean和配置文件进行映射 @ConfigurationProperties

3.@PropertySource和@ImportResource

@Component
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
    //@Validated
    @PropertySource(value={"classpath:person.properties"})
    public class Person {
    //    @Email
        private String lastName;
        private Integer age;
        private boolean boss;
        private Date birth;
    
        private Map<String, Object> maps;
        private List<Object> lists;
        private Dog dog;
    }

@ImportResource 导入spring配置文件

@SpringBootApplication
    @ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:beans.xml"})
    public class SpringBoot01HelloworldApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(SpringBoot01HelloworldApplication.class, args);
        }
    
    }
    
    /**
     * 在编码的时候进行容器注入
     */
    @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    @SpringBootTest
    public class SpringBootApplicationTest {
    
        @Autowired
        Person person;
    
        @Autowired
        ApplicationContext ioc;
    
        @Test
        public void testHelloService(){
            boolean b = ioc.containsBean("helloService");
            System.out.println(b);
        }
    
        @Test
        public void contextLoads(){
            System.out.println(person);
        }
    }

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
        <bean id="helloService" class="com.it.springboot01helloworld.service.HelloService"></bean>
    </beans>

4.Springboot推荐给容器添加组件

@Configuration
    public class MyAppConfig {
        @Bean
        public HelloService helloService02(){
            System.out.println("配置类bean给容器添加组件了。。。");
            return new HelloService();
        }
    
    }

5.配置文件占位符

1.随机数

${random.value}

2.占位符获取之前获得的值，如果没有可以用:获得默认值

person.last-name=李四${random.uuid}
    person.age=12
    person.birth=2017/12/15
    person.boss=false
    person.maps.k1=v1
    person.maps.k2=v2
    person.lists=a,b,c
    person.dog.name=${person.last-name}${person.hello:hello}dog
    person.dog.age=10

6.Profile

application-dev.properties

application-prod.properties

spring.profiles.active=dev

yml

server:
      port: 8090
    spring:
      profiles:
        active: dev
    ---
    server:
      port: 8083
    spring:
      profiles: dev
    ---
    
    server:
      port: 8022
    spring:
      profiles: prod

在启动application

Program arguments的时候添加

--spring.profiles.active=prod

VM options

-Dspring.profiles.active=prod

或者

java -jar filename.jar --spring.profiles.active=prod

7.添加项目背景

server.context-path=/boot

http://localhost:8022/boot/hello

8.还可以通过来改变默认文件的位置

–spring.config.location

项目打包以后，可以通过命令行参数的形式，启动项目来指定

java -jar filename.jar --server.port=8087 --server.context-path=/abc

配置项太多，直接将配置文件放到jar包的旁边

@EnableAutoConfiguration

解释自动配置原理 一个例子

@Configuration
    @EnableConfigurationProperties({HttpEncodingProperties.class})
    @ConditionalOnWebApplication
    @ConditionalOnClass({CharacterEncodingFilter.class})
    @ConditionalOnProperty(
        prefix = "spring.http.encoding",
        value = {"enabled"},
        matchIfMissing = true
    )
    public class HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration {

所有配置文件的属性都在 xxxProperties中封装的

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.http.encoding")
    public class HttpEncodingProperties {
    
       public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("UTF-8");

根据当前的不同条件判断，决定这个配置类是否生效

springboot会加重大量自动配置类

自动配置类配置了哪些组件

会从properties中获取属性

xxxAutoConfiguration

xxxProperties

idea快捷键 查找某个类

ctrl+shift+n \*AutoConfiguration

条件判断类

@ConditionalOnClass(CharacterEncodingFilter.class)

自动配置类在一定条件下才会生效

配置文件 开启debug模式

debug=true

Positive matches:
    -----------------
    
       DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration matched:
          - @ConditionalOnClass found required class 'org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet'; @ConditionalOnMissingClass did not find unwanted class (OnClassCondition)
          - @ConditionalOnWebApplication (required) found StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition)
    
       DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DispatcherServletConfiguration matched:
          - @ConditionalOnClass found required class 'javax.servlet.ServletRegistration'; @ConditionalOnMissingClass did not find unwanted class (OnClassCondition)
          - Default DispatcherServlet did not find dispatcher servlet beans (DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DefaultDispatcherServletCondition)
    
    
    Negative matches:
    -----------------
    
       ActiveMQAutoConfiguration:
          Did not match:
             - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'javax.jms.ConnectionFactory', 'org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory' (OnClassCondition)
    
       AopAutoConfiguration:
          Did not match:
             - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect', 'org.aspectj.lang.reflect.Advice' (OnClassCondition)

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