Nacos基础教程（二）--------nacos环境部署

绝地灬酷狼 2023-03-01 12:46 16阅读 0赞

### nocas服务部署 ###

*  1.环境准备
 *  2.Nacos下载
 *  3.安装
 *  4.启动
 *  5.启动异常

# 1.环境准备 #

nacos需要在java环境下运行，所以在安装nacos之前请确保已经安装了java

baldwin@baldwin:/usr/share/nacos/bin$ java -version
    openjdk version "1.8.0_212"
    OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_212-8u212-b01-1~deb9u1-b01)
    OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.212-b01, mixed mode)

# 2.Nacos下载 #

Nacos下载地址：[https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases][https_github.com_alibaba_nacos_releases]

选择自己需要的版本，这里我选择的是当前的最新版本1.3.1。

我电脑的系统是Deepin，所以下载的是第一个，windows用户下载第二个，windows和linux下的安装流程大致相同。  
![不会修电脑][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Nob3VjaGVuY2h1YW41MjUz]

Github这几天下载速度比较慢，如果需要nacos文件，可以关注我的公众号，回复“nacos”获取文件。  
![nacos文件夹][nacos]

# 3.安装 #

直接将文件解压到你安装软件的文件夹下，我习惯将软件安装到/usr/share文件夹下  
![nacos文件夹][nacos 1]

nacos文件夹结构如下

.
    ├── bin
    │   ├── shutdown.cmd
    │   ├── shutdown.sh
    │   ├── startup.cmd
    │   └── startup.sh
    ├── conf
    │   ├── application.properties
    │   ├── application.properties.example
    │   ├── cluster.conf.example
    │   ├── nacos-logback.xml
    │   ├── nacos-mysql.sql
    │   └── schema.sql
    ├── LICENSE
    ├── logs
    │   └── start.out
    ├── NOTICE
    └── target
        └── nacos-server.jar

# 4.启动 #

进入bin目录下，Linux系统执行bash startup.sh -m standalone命令sh startup.sh -m standalone，windows用户双击startup.cmd，单机模式启动

控制台：

baldwin@baldwin:/usr/share/nacos/bin$ sudo bash startup.sh -m standalone
    /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/java  -Xms512m -Xmx512m -Xmn256m -Dnacos.standalone=true -Dnacos.member.list= -Djava.ext.dirs=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext:/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/lib/ext -Xloggc:/usr/share/nacos/logs/nacos_gc.log -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=10 -XX:GCLogFileSize=100M -Dloader.path=/usr/share/nacos/plugins/health,/usr/share/nacos/plugins/cmdb -Dnacos.home=/usr/share/nacos -jar /usr/share/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar  --spring.config.location=classpath:/,classpath:/config/,file:./,file:./config/,file:/usr/share/nacos/conf/ --logging.config=/usr/share/nacos/conf/nacos-logback.xml --server.max-http-header-size=524288
    nacos is starting with standalone
    nacos is starting，you can check the /usr/share/nacos/logs/start.out

start.out日志

/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/java  -Xms512m -Xmx512m -Xmn256m -Dnacos.standalone=true -Dnacos.member.list= -Djava.ext.dirs=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext:/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/lib/ext -Xloggc:/usr/share/nacos/logs/nacos_gc.log -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=10 -XX:GCLogFileSize=100M -Dloader.path=/usr/share/nacos/plugins/health,/usr/share/nacos/plugins/cmdb -Dnacos.home=/usr/share/nacos -jar /usr/share/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar  --spring.config.location=classpath:/,classpath:/config/,file:./,file:./config/,file:/usr/share/nacos/conf/ --logging.config=/usr/share/nacos/conf/nacos-logback.xml --server.max-http-header-size=524288
    
             ,--.
           ,--.'|
    
       ,--,:  : |                                           Nacos 1.3.1
    ,`--.'`|  ' :                       ,---.               Running in stand alone mode, All function modules
    |   :  :  | |                      '   ,'\   .--.--.    Port: 8848
    :   |   \ | :  ,--.--.     ,---.  /   /   | /  /    '   Pid: 13167
    |   : '  '; | /       \   /     \.   ; ,. :|  :  /`./   Console: http://192.168.31.15:8848/nacos/index.html
    '   ' ;.    ;.--.  .-. | /    / ''   | |: :|  :  ;_
    |   | | \   | \__\/: . ..    ' / '   | .; : \  \    `.      https://nacos.io
    '   : |  ; .' ," .--.; |'   ; :__|   :    |  `----.   \
    |   | '`--'  /  /  ,.  |'   | '.'|\   \  /  /  /`--'  /
    '   : |     ;  :   .'   \   :    : `----'  '--'.     /
    ;   |.'     |  ,     .-./\   \  /            `--'---'
    '---'        `--`---'     `----'
    。。。。。。
    
    2020-07-26 00:11:06,681 INFO Tomcat started on port(s): 8848 (http) with context path '/nacos'
    
    2020-07-26 00:11:06,686 INFO Nacos Log files: /usr/share/nacos/logs
    
    2020-07-26 00:11:06,689 INFO Nacos Log files: /usr/share/nacos/conf
    
    2020-07-26 00:11:06,690 INFO Nacos Log files: /usr/share/nacos/data
    
    2020-07-26 00:11:06,690 INFO Nacos started successfully in stand alone mode. use external storage

启动成功！

nacos可视化管理界面，访问地址：http://localhost:8848/nacos  
![nacos文件夹][nacos 2]

输入nacos/nacos成功登录

# 5.启动异常 #

启动命令

sh startup.sh -m standalone

启动报错

baldwin@baldwin:/usr/share/nacos/bin$ sudo ./startup.sh 
    ./startup.sh: 87: ./startup.sh: [[: not found
    ./startup.sh: 91: ./startup.sh: [[: not found
    ./startup.sh: 100: ./startup.sh: [[: not found
    ./startup.sh: 102: ./startup.sh: [[: not found
    ./startup.sh: 109: ./startup.sh: [[: not found
    /usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/bin/java  -server -Xms2g -Xmx2g -Xmn1g -XX:MetaspaceSize=128m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=320m -XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=/usr/share/nacos/logs/java_heapdump.hprof -XX:-UseLargePages -Dnacos.member.list= -Djava.ext.dirs=/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext:/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/lib/ext -Xloggc:/usr/share/nacos/logs/nacos_gc.log -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=10 -XX:GCLogFileSize=100M -Dloader.path=/usr/share/nacos/plugins/health,/usr/share/nacos/plugins/cmdb -Dnacos.home=/usr/share/nacos -jar /usr/share/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar  --spring.config.location=classpath:/,classpath:/config/,file:./,file:./config/,file:/usr/share/nacos/conf/ --logging.config=/usr/share/nacos/conf/nacos-logback.xml --server.max-http-header-size=524288
    ./startup.sh: 130: ./startup.sh: [[: not found
    nacos is starting with cluster
    nacos is starting，you can check the /usr/share/nacos/logs/start.out

查看/usr/share/nacos/logs/start.out文件

/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/bin/java  -server -Xms2g -Xmx2g -Xmn1g -XX:MetaspaceSize=128m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=320m -XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=/usr/share/nacos/logs/java_heapdump.hprof -XX:-UseLargePages -Dnacos.member.list= -Djava.ext.dirs=/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext:/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/lib/ext -Xloggc:/usr/share/nacos/logs/nacos_gc.log -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=10 -XX:GCLogFileSize=100M -Dloader.path=/usr/share/nacos/plugins/health,/usr/share/nacos/plugins/cmdb -Dnacos.home=/usr/share/nacos -jar /usr/share/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar  --spring.config.location=classpath:/,classpath:/config/,file:./,file:./config/,file:/usr/share/nacos/conf/ --logging.config=/usr/share/nacos/conf/nacos-logback.xml --server.max-http-header-size=524288
    -Djava.ext.dirs=/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext:/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/lib/ext is not supported.  Use -classpath instead.
    Error: Could not create the Java Virtual Machine.
    Error: A fatal exception has occurred. Program will exit.

意思是我调用的是jdk11,不支持这个操作啥的，我的默认jdk是8,我不知道这里为什么调用的是11。

查一下系统jdk

baldwin@baldwin:/usr/share/nacos$ dpkg -l | grep openjdk
    ii  openjdk-11-jdk:amd64                          11.0.4+11-1~deb10u1                 amd64        OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)
    ii  openjdk-11-jdk-headless:amd64                 11.0.4+11-1~deb10u1                 amd64        OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) (headless)
    ii  openjdk-11-jre:amd64                          11.0.4+11-1~deb10u1                 amd64        OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT
    ii  openjdk-11-jre-headless:amd64                 11.0.4+11-1~deb10u1                 amd64        OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)
    ii  openjdk-8-jdk:amd64                           8u212-b01-1~deb9u1                  amd64        OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)
    ii  openjdk-8-jdk-headless:amd64                  8u212-b01-1~deb9u1                  amd64        OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) (headless)
    ii  openjdk-8-jre:amd64                           8u212-b01-1~deb9u1                  amd64        OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT
    ii  openjdk-8-jre-headless:amd64                  8u212-b01-1~deb9u1                  amd64        OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)

果然是有个jdk11,先把它卸载掉
    
    sudo apt-get remove openjdk-11*
    正在读取软件包列表... 完成
    正在分析软件包的依赖关系树       
    正在读取状态信息... 完成       
    注意，根据Glob 'openjdk-11*' 选中了 'openjdk-11-demo'
    。。。。。。
    下列软件包将被【卸载】：
      com.hostbuf.finalshell default-jdk default-jdk-headless default-jre default-jre-headless openjdk-11-jdk openjdk-11-jdk-headless openjdk-11-jre
      openjdk-11-jre-headless
    升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 0 个软件包，要卸载 9 个软件包，有 203 个软件包未被升级。
    解压缩后将会空出 624 MB 的空间。
    您希望继续执行吗？ [Y/n] y
    (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 252880 个文件和目录。)
    。。。
    update-alternatives: 使用 /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/jconsole 来在自动模式中提供 /usr/bin/jconsole (jconsole)
    dpkg: 警告: 卸载 openjdk-11-jdk:amd64 时，目录 /usr/lib/jvm/openjdk-11 非空，因而不会删除该目录
    正在卸载 openjdk-11-jdk-headless:amd64 (11.0.4+11-1~deb10u1) ...
    update-alternatives: 使用 /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/jar 来在自动模式中提供 /usr/bin/jar (jar)
    。。。
    正在处理用于 libc-bin (2.28.7-1+deepin) 的触发器 ...
    正在处理用于 bamfdaemon (0.5.4-1) 的触发器 ...
    Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index...

卸载完成，重新启动nacos

启动未成功，查询日志

/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/java  -server -Xms2g -Xmx2g -Xmn1g -XX:MetaspaceSize=128m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=320m -XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=/usr/share/nacos/logs/java_heapdump.hprof -XX:-UseLargePages -Dnacos.member.list= -Djava.ext.dirs=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/ext:/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/lib/ext -Xloggc:/usr/share/nacos/logs/nacos_gc.log -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=10 -XX:GCLogFileSize=100M -Dloader.path=/usr/share/nacos/plugins/health,/usr/share/nacos/plugins/cmdb -Dnacos.home=/usr/share/nacos -jar /usr/share/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar  --spring.config.location=classpath:/,classpath:/config/,file:./,file:./config/,file:/usr/share/nacos/conf/ --logging.config=/usr/share/nacos/conf/nacos-logback.xml --server.max-http-header-size=524288
    
             ,--.
           ,--.'|
    
       ,--,:  : |                                           Nacos 1.3.1
    ,`--.'`|  ' :                       ,---.               Running in cluster mode, All function modules
    |   :  :  | |                      '   ,'\   .--.--.    Port: 8848
    :   |   \ | :  ,--.--.     ,---.  /   /   | /  /    '   Pid: 12947
    |   : '  '; | /       \   /     \.   ; ,. :|  :  /`./   Console: http://192.168.31.15:8848/nacos/index.html
    '   ' ;.    ;.--.  .-. | /    / ''   | |: :|  :  ;_
    |   | | \   | \__\/: . ..    ' / '   | .; : \  \    `.      https://nacos.io
    '   : |  ; .' ," .--.; |'   ; :__|   :    |  `----.   \
    |   | '`--'  /  /  ,.  |'   | '.'|\   \  /  /  /`--'  /
    '   : |     ;  :   .'   \   :    : `----'  '--'.     /
    ;   |.'     |  ,     .-./\   \  /            `--'---'
    '---'        `--`---'     `----'
    
    2020-07-26 00:07:22,876 INFO The server IP list of Nacos is []
    。。。。。。

分析：剩下还有报错信息，暂时不用理会。我们这里发现，虽然我们设置的是单机模式，启动的却是集群模式，那么就说明sh startup.sh -m standalone命令是有问题的，我换作bash startup.sh -m standalone命令后，启动正常，这里的原因暂且不表，遇到这个问题可以尝试更换命令解决。

我是Baldwin，一个25岁的程序员，致力于让学习变得更有趣，如果你也真正喜爱编程，真诚的希望与你交个朋友，一起在编程的海洋里徜徉！

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[https_github.com_alibaba_nacos_releases]: https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Nob3VjaGVuY2h1YW41MjUz]: /images/20230208/928cbf72d2cb46d3999660c65e222245.png
[nacos]: /images/20230208/a0b9b24627214091beb83ed95e6e07cd.png
[nacos 1]: /images/20230208/a9044e1a8c8240848ca0537d2dcea614.png
[nacos 2]: /images/20230208/d5b0a74ef1a34f809900c7b9dda86ebf.png
[Python]: https://blog.csdn.net/shouchenchuan5253/article/details/105753596
[MySQL_explain]: https://blog.csdn.net/shouchenchuan5253/article/details/105722148
[Spring_-MVC]: https://blog.csdn.net/shouchenchuan5253/article/details/105625890
[JVM]: https://yzstu.blog.csdn.net/article/details/105462458
[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/shouchenchuan5253/article/details/105256723
[Link 2]: https://blog.csdn.net/shouchenchuan5253/article/details/105196154
[Java]: https://blog.csdn.net/shouchenchuan5253/article/details/105145725
[SpringBoot]: https://blog.csdn.net/shouchenchuan5253/article/details/104773702
[Link 3]: https://blog.csdn.net/shouchenchuan5253/article/details/105020803