Redis - 安装 - Linux - 学习/实践

刺骨的言语ヽ痛彻心扉 2023-02-20 10:41 2阅读 0赞

1.应用场景

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 <td>主要用于Linux下安装Redis server.</td> 
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2.学习/操作

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 <td> 环境: 阿里云ECS&nbsp; 腾讯云ECS&nbsp; &nbsp;//两者相同配置， 均是centOS7&nbsp; 【7.5/7.8】 &nbsp; 方式一：编译安装 步骤 [阿里云ECS] 1. 使用以下命令下载，提取和编译Redis： 
 <blockquote> 
 $ wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-6.0.5.tar.gz $ tar xzf redis-6.0.5.tar.gz $ cd redis-6.0.5 $ make 
 </blockquote> Note: 这里进入/usr/local/bin 目录下 [只是推荐, 不是强制要求] <img alt="" height="396" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626000001451.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="641"> 安装出现失败, 原因:&nbsp;gcc的版本低于5, 当前gcc版本为 4.8&nbsp; 解决办法: 先升级gcc版本&nbsp; 具体操作过程后补. 详见: h<a href="http://www.redis.cn/download.html" rel="nofollow">ttp://www.redis.cn/download.html</a> &nbsp; 升级步骤: 请先检查gcc的版本是否低于5，如果是请先升级，可以使用以下命令： sudo yum install centos-release-scl sudo yum install devtoolset-7-gcc* scl enable devtoolset-7 bash 下面已经升级到7.3 <img alt="" height="131" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626191340664.png" width="569"> &nbsp; <code>2.src</code>&nbsp;目录&nbsp;中现在提供了已编译的二进制文件&nbsp;。使用以下命令运行Redis： 
 <blockquote> 
 <code>$ src/redis-server</code> 
 </blockquote> 3. 您可以使用内置客户端与Redis进行交互： 
 <blockquote> 
 <code>$ src/redis-cli redis&gt; set foo bar OK redis&gt; get foo "bar"</code> 
 </blockquote> 4.配置 参见：下方 7.2 配置 &nbsp; 官网提供了<a href="http://try.redis.io/" rel="nofollow">在线交互式教程</a>。[<a href="http://try.redis.io/" rel="nofollow">http://try.redis.io/</a>] 如下: <img alt="" height="479" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200625235411678.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="487"> &nbsp; Note: 在腾讯云ECS配置下安装Redis,&nbsp; 下载压缩包速度明显慢. <img alt="" height="219" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626124121348.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="577"> &nbsp; 方式二： yum 安装 1. sudo yum install epel-release <img alt="" height="388" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020062615024772.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="542"> <img alt="" height="333" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626150310260.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="355"> &nbsp; 2. sudo yum install redis <img alt="" height="673" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626150411686.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="602"> &nbsp; 3.&nbsp;sudo systemctl start redis.service&nbsp; //启动服务 <img alt="" height="217" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626150529555.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="701"> 4.&nbsp;sudo systemctl enable redis&nbsp; //开机启动服务 <img alt="" height="52" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020062615091741.png" width="796"> &nbsp; 5. 查看redis进程 ps -ef | grep redis <img alt="" height="77" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020062615072353.png" width="705"> &nbsp; 6. 命令行下交互测试 
 <blockquote> 
 redis-cli&nbsp; 
 set name williamning 
 get name 
 </blockquote> <img alt="" height="107" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626151053947.png" width="498"> &nbsp; 7.设置远程连接 7.1 关闭防火墙 //关闭之前面， 查看防火墙服务状态 systemctl status firewalld firewall-cmd --state <img alt="" height="120" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626152314595.png" width="771"> 详见： <a href="https://blog.csdn.net/luChenH/article/details/106329236" rel="nofollow">https://blog.csdn.net/luChenH/article/details/106329236</a> &nbsp; Note： <img alt="" height="220" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020062615282336.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="608"> 由上可知： 之前防火墙一直处于关闭状态，相当于所有端口都是开放状态，[即如： 80， 3306，6379 ]&nbsp; //这种操作相当危险, 很容易被攻击 打开防火墙之后， 查看80端口尚未开放，需要另外操作80端口， 3306端口开放. &nbsp; 打开防火墙，之后尚未开放80，3306端口的结果， 截图如下： 可以看到数据库可视化工具不能远程连接到数据库服务器，同时web页面也出现500报错。//这里都是因为3306端口尚未开放 <img alt="" height="362" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626153057251.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="606"> <img alt="" height="488" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626153232314.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="580"> &nbsp; 解决办法： 开放3306端口即可，然后重启防火墙 firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/tcp&nbsp; service firewalld restart <img alt="" height="112" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626153837426.png" width="496"> &nbsp; 结果如下： <img alt="" height="386" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626153905239.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="427"> <img alt="" height="448" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626153923347.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="634"> &nbsp; 但是： 如果远程连接访问redis server 需要开放6379与80端口 &nbsp; 7.2 修改配置&nbsp; //此时仍然不能远程连接redis server 因为配置文件中默认限制只有本机才可以访问redis 7.2.1 vi /etc/redis.conf&nbsp; 进入编辑模式 注释掉 bind 127.0.0.1&nbsp;，否则只有本机才能访问. <img alt="" height="399" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626154901904.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="545"> 注释后： <img alt="" height="38" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626154929948.png" width="201"> 7.2.2&nbsp;保护模式修改为no 以及 端口修改[默认为6357 可不改] 文档中原话：//简单理解就是：一层保护层，防止被访问与利用 Protected mode is a layer of security protection, in order to avoid that Redis instances left open on the internet are accessed and exploited <img alt="" height="425" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626155304384.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="632"> 修改后： <img alt="" height="452" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626155753453.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="634"> &nbsp; 7.2.3&nbsp;修改密码为 xxxxx&nbsp; //该密码为登陆redis所需要的密码，请记好, 另外请使用强密码 
 <blockquote> 
 Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to # 150k passwords per second against a good box. This means that you should # use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break. 
 &nbsp; 
 警告:由于Redis是相当快的外部用户可以尝试 每秒150k个密码。 这意味着你应该 使用强密码，否则很容易被破解。 
 </blockquote> <img alt="" height="680" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626160152232.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="614"> 修改后:&nbsp; 省略. &nbsp; 补充：//20200824&nbsp; 设置最大内存大小以及缓存淘汰策略 <img alt="" height="700" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200824182406474.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="622"> &nbsp; 7.2.4&nbsp;保存并退出编辑重启redis systemctl restart redis <img alt="" height="108" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200824182540811.png" width="616"> &nbsp; 7.2.5 重新检测是否能正常与Redis交互 本机交互: redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 -a password 简写: redis-cli -a xxx 回车即可 <img alt="" height="85" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626164800310.png" width="612"> 成功交互. &nbsp; 客户端远程连接 [redisClient] <img alt="" height="316" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200626164924134.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dpbGxpYW1fbg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" width="635"> &nbsp; 成功连接. &nbsp; 另参考： <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53351364/unable-to-install-latest-stable-release-of-redis-on-centos-7" rel="nofollow">https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53351364/unable-to-install-latest-stable-release-of-redis-on-centos-7</a> <a href="https://blog.csdn.net/luChenH/article/details/89947971" rel="nofollow">https://blog.csdn.net/luChenH/article/details/89947971</a>&nbsp; //linux yum 安装redis &nbsp; &nbsp; 后续补充 ... </td> 
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3.问题/补充

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 <td> 1.配置Redis过程中出现,&nbsp;Failed to start Redis persistent key-value database. 报错 原因: TBD 解决办法: 最合适的办法暂时为找到. 最后重新卸载, 然后重新安装实验,结果不再报错. 参考:&nbsp;<a href="https://blog.csdn.net/william_n/article/details/103880018" rel="nofollow">https://blog.csdn.net/william_n/article/details/103880018</a>&nbsp; //Linux Yum &nbsp; Note: 安装出现失败原因:&nbsp;gcc的版本低于5, 当前gcc版本为 4.8&nbsp; 解决办法: 先升级gcc版本&nbsp; 具体操作过程后补. 详见:&nbsp;<a href="http://www.redis.cn/download.html" rel="nofollow">ttp://www.redis.cn/download.html</a> </td> 
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4.参考

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 <td> <a href="https://redis.io/download" rel="nofollow">https://redis.io/download</a>&nbsp; //官网 - 下载 以及编译安装步骤 <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53351364/unable-to-install-latest-stable-release-of-redis-on-centos-7" rel="nofollow">https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53351364/unable-to-install-latest-stable-release-of-redis-on-centos-7</a>&nbsp; //yum 安装 <a href="https://blog.csdn.net/luChenH/article/details/89947971" rel="nofollow">https://blog.csdn.net/luChenH/article/details/89947971</a>&nbsp; //linux yum 安装redis <a href="https://blog.csdn.net/william_n/article/details/103880018" rel="nofollow">https://blog.csdn.net/william_n/article/details/103880018</a>&nbsp; //Linux Yum &nbsp; <a href="https://kefeng.wang/2017/08/12/redis-config/" rel="nofollow">https://kefeng.wang/2017/08/12/redis-config/</a>&nbsp;//<a href="https://kefeng.wang/2017/08/12/redis-config/" rel="nofollow">Redis 服务器常用配置参数</a> </td> 
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后续补充

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