Nginx配置CGI

古城微笑少年丶 2023-02-19 15:28 20阅读 0赞

## 简介 ##

`CGI`(Common Gateway Interface)通用网关接口 描述了客户端和服务器程序之间传输数据的一种标准。

快速通用网关接口（Fast Common Gateway Interface／FastCGI）是[通用网关接口][Link 1]（CGI）的改进，描述了客户端和服务器程序之间传输数据的一种标准。FastCGI致力于减少[Web服务器][Web]与[CGI][][程式][Link 2]\*\*之间互动的开销，从而使[服务器][Link 3]可以同时处理更多的Web请求。与为每个请求创建一个新的进程不同，FastCGI使用持续的进程来处理一连串的请求。

Nginx与Apache不同，只是一个代理程序，而不能执行外部程序！

## 避免报错先安装这些 ##

yum install fcgi-devel -y # 没有会报错FastCGI library is missing
    yum install autoconf automake libtool -y # 安装autoreconf

## 安装spawn-fcgi ##

> 项目地址：[https://github.com/lighttpd/spawn-fcgi][https_github.com_lighttpd_spawn-fcgi]

yum install git -y
    git clone https://github.com/lighttpd/spawn-fcgi.git
    cd spawn-fcgi
    ./autogen.sh # 生成configure
    ./configure
    make & make install

## 安装fcgiwrap ##

> 项目地址：[https://github.com/gnosek/fcgiwrap][https_github.com_gnosek_fcgiwrap]

git clone https://github.com/gnosek/fcgiwrap.git
    cd fcgiwrap
    autoreconf -i # 生成configure
    ./configure
    make
    # 如果make报错执行
    make CFLAGS='-Wno-implicit-fallthrough'
    make install

## 创建管理脚本 ##

cd /etc/init.d/
    vim fcgiwrap

#!/bin/bash
    PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
    SPAWN_FCGI="/usr/local/bin/spawn-fcgi"
    DAEMON="/usr/local/sbin/fcgiwrap"
    NAME="fcgiwrap"
    PIDFILE="/var/fcgiwrap/$NAME.pid" #pid位置
    FCGI_SOCKET="/var/fcgiwrap/$NAME.socket" #socket位置
    FCGI_USER="nginx" #用户
    FCGI_GROUP="nginx" #用户组
    FORK_NUM=2 #进程数量
    SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
    case "$1" in
        start)
            echo -n "Starting $NAME... "
            PID=`pidof $NAME`
            if [ ! -z "$PID" ]; then
                    echo "$NAME already running"
                    exit 1
            fi
            $SPAWN_FCGI -u $FCGI_USER -g $FCGI_GROUP -s $FCGI_SOCKET -P $PIDFILE -F $FORK_NUM -f $DAEMON
            if [ "$?" != 0 ]; then
                echo " failed"
                exit 1
            else
                echo " done"
            fi
        ;;
        stop)
            echo -n "Stoping $NAME... "
            PID=`pidof $NAME`
            if [ ! -z "$PID" ]; then
                kill `pidof $NAME`
                if [ "$?" != 0 ]; then
                    echo " failed. re-quit"
                    exit 1
                else
                    rm -f $pid
                    echo " done"
                fi
            else
                echo "$NAME is not running."
                exit 1
            fi
        ;;
    
        status)
            PID=`pidof $NAME`
            if [ ! -z "$PID" ]; then
                echo "$NAME (pid $PID) is running..."
            else
                echo "$NAME is stopped"
                exit 0
            fi
        ;;
        restart)
            $SCRIPTNAME stop
            sleep 1
            $SCRIPTNAME start
        ;;
    
        *)
            echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|status}"
            exit 1
    esac

chmod +x fcgiwrap

mkdir /var/fcgiwrap/
    service fcgiwrap start
    cd /var/fcgiwrap/
    chmod 777 fcgiwrap.socket

## 配置nginx ##

cd /etc/nginx
    vim nginx.conf

location ~/cgi-bin/.*\.(sh|py|cgi) { 
    		fastcgi_pass   unix:/var//fcgiwrap/fcgiwrap.socket;
    		fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME  $fastcgi_script_name;
    		include        fastcgi_params;
    }

cd /var/share/nginx/html/ # 进入到你的网站根目录
    mkdir cgi-bin

## 编写测试脚本 ##

vim test.sh

#!/bin/bash
    echo "context-type:text/html"
    echo ""
    
    echo "hello /bin/bash"

vim test1.py

#!/bin/python3
    
    print('context-type:text/html')
    print('')
    
    print('hello /usr/bin/python3')

service fcgiwrap start
    systemctl restart nginx

更多参考：[https://www.cnblogs.com/skynet/p/4173450.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_skynet_p_4173450.html]

[Link 1]: http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E7%BD%91%E5%85%B3%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3
[Web]: http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E9%A0%81%E4%BC%BA%E6%9C%8D%E5%99%A8
[CGI]: http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/CGI
[Link 2]: http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F
[Link 3]: http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%BA%E6%9C%8D%E5%99%A8
[https_github.com_lighttpd_spawn-fcgi]: https://github.com/lighttpd/spawn-fcgi
[https_github.com_gnosek_fcgiwrap]: https://github.com/gnosek/fcgiwrap
[https_www.cnblogs.com_skynet_p_4173450.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/skynet/p/4173450.html