Netty学习07--Protocol Buff

叁歲伎倆 2023-02-17 13:25 21阅读 0赞

1.protocol buff是一种协议，是谷歌推出的一种序列化协议

2.Java序列化协议也是一种协议

3.两者的目的是，将对象序列化成字节数组，或者说是二进制数据

下面使用代码来体现两者的区别

目录结构

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMzMzcxNzY2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

protoc.exe 编译工具

build.bat 编译脚本

protoc ./proto/*.proto --java_out=./src
    
    pause

player.proto  [更多请参考][Link 1]

option java_package = "com.proto";
    option java_outer_classname = "PlayerModule";
    
    message PBPlayer{
    	required int64 playerId = 1;
    	
    	required int32 age = 2;
    	
    	required string name = 3;
    	
    	repeated int32 skills = 4;
    }
    
    message PBResource{
    	required int64 gold = 1;
    	
    	required int32 energy = 2;
    }

PlayerModule 通过执行build.bat会自动生成

PB2Bytes

package com.proto;
    
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import com.proto.PlayerModule.PBPlayer;
    import com.proto.PlayerModule.PBPlayer.Builder;
    
    /**
     * protobuf学习
     */
    public class PB2Bytes {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    		byte[] bytes = toBytes();
    		toPlayer(bytes);
    
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 序列化
    	 */
    	public static byte[] toBytes(){
    		//获取一个PBPlayer的构造器
    		Builder builder = PBPlayer.newBuilder();
    		//设置数据
    		builder.setPlayerId(101).setAge(20).setName("peter").addSkills(1001);
    		//构造出对象
    		PBPlayer player = builder.build();
    		//序列化成字节数组
    		byte[] byteArray = player.toByteArray();
    		
    		System.out.println(Arrays.toString(byteArray));
    		
    		return byteArray;
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	 * 反序列化
    	 * @param bs
    	 * @throws Exception 
    	 */
    	public static void toPlayer(byte[] bs) throws Exception{
    		
    		 PBPlayer player = PBPlayer.parseFrom(bs);
    		 
    		 System.out.println("playerId:" + player.getPlayerId());
    		 System.out.println("age:" + player.getAge());
    		 System.out.println("name:" + player.getName());
    		 System.out.println("skills:" + (Arrays.toString(player.getSkillsList().toArray())));
    	}
    }

运行效果：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMzMzcxNzY2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

JAVA的序列化和反序列化

Player

package com.java;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    /**
     * 玩家对象
     */
    public class Player implements Serializable{
    
    	private static final long serialVersionUID = -5248069984631225347L;
    
    	public Player(long playerId,  int age, String name) {
    		this.playerId = playerId;
    		this.age = age;
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    	
    	private long playerId;
    	
    	private int age;
    	
    	private String name;
    	
    	private List<Integer> skills = new ArrayList<>();
    
    	public long getPlayerId() {
    		return playerId;
    	}
    
    	public void setPlayerId(long playerId) {
    		this.playerId = playerId;
    	}
    
    	public int getAge() {
    		return age;
    	}
    
    	public void setAge(int age) {
    		this.age = age;
    	}
    
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    
    	public List<Integer> getSkills() {
    		return skills;
    	}
    
    	public void setSkills(List<Integer> skills) {
    		this.skills = skills;
    	}
    }

JAVA2Bytes

package com.java;
    
    import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
    import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
    import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
    import java.util.Arrays;
    
    public class JAVA2Bytes {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    		byte[] bytes = toBytes();
    		toPlayer(bytes);
    	}
    	
    	
    	/**
    	 * 序列化
    	 * @throws IOException 
    	 */
    	public static byte[] toBytes() throws IOException{
    		
    		Player player = new Player(101, 20, "peter");
    		player.getSkills().add(1001);
    		
    		ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    		ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(byteArrayOutputStream);
    		
    		//写入对象
    		objectOutputStream.writeObject(player);
    		
    		//获取 字节数组
    		byte[] byteArray = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();
    		System.out.println(Arrays.toString(byteArray));
    		return byteArray;
    	}
    	
    	
    	/**
    	 * 反序列化
    	 * @param bs
    	 * @throws Exception 
    	 */
    	public static void toPlayer(byte[] bs) throws Exception{
    		
    		ObjectInputStream inputStream = new ObjectInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(bs));
    		Player player = (Player)inputStream.readObject();
    		
    		//打印
    		 System.out.println("playerId:" + player.getPlayerId());
    		 System.out.println("age:" + player.getAge());
    		 System.out.println("name:" + player.getName());
    		 System.out.println("skills:" + (Arrays.toString(player.getSkills().toArray())));
    	}
    
    }

测试效果

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMzMzcxNzY2_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

通过运行效果得知，java的序列化生成的字节比protoc方式更占内存。

[代码下载][Link 2]

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[Link 1]: https://www.cnblogs.com/dkblog/archive/2012/03/27/2419010.html
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[Link 2]: https://github.com/ChenXbFrank/nettyLearnCode