Golang+MongoDB 之 CRUD（1）

Bertha 。 2023-02-11 08:59 2阅读 0赞

## Golang+MongoDB 之 CRUD（1） ##

初学Golang 语言与mongoDB进行交互，实现后台API服务功能——学习golang进行简单的增删查改语句

"gopkg.in/mgo.v2/bson"

## 1、准备 ##

#### (1)mongoDB 安装 ####

[mongoDB官网][mongoDB]下载  
[Robot 3T官网][Robot 3T]下载

###### 端口号：27017 ######

###### mongoDB 的链接字：http://127.0.0.1:27017 ######

## 2、使用robot 3T 链接MongoDB ##

#### （1）打开 cmd 开启mongoDB ####

![在这里插入图片描述][2020052218473250.png]  
正常启动显示信息如下：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xvYmJ5X0Fubnk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

#### (2) 打开robot 3T 链接 local mongoDB ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xvYmJ5X0Fubnk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xvYmJ5X0Fubnk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

## 3、数据结构 ##

#### （1）mongodb 内部的数据结构 ####

{
        
        "_id" : ObjectId("5ec744b33d8a59080fb61a7b"),
        "authLevel" : "1",
        "humanName" : "test001",
        "humanGroup" : "manager",
        "passwd" : "000000",
        "info" : "this is a manager account that is the first one ",
        "customContext" : [
            {
        
                "paramName" : "username",
                "paramType" : "string",
                "paramValue" : "zhangsan",
                "showOrNot" : 1
            },
            {
        
                "paramName" : "phone",
                "paramType" : "string",
                "paramValue" : "17192180553",
                "showOrNot" : 1
            }
        ],
        "deadOrAlive" : 2,
        "birthTime" : NumberLong(1590118476)
    }

### （2）golang内部的数据结构 ###

type AuthUserInfo struct {
        
    	AuthLevel     string          `bson:"authLevel" json:"authLevel"`
    	HumanName     string          `bson:"humanName" json:"humanName"`
    	HumanGroup    string          `bson:"humanGroup" json:"humanGroup"`
    	Passwd        string          `bson:"passwd" json:"passwd"`
    	Info          string          `bson:"info" json:"info"`
    	CustomContext []CustomContext `bson:"customContext" json:"customContext"`
    	DeadOrAlive   int             `bson:"deadOrAlive" json:"deadOrAlive"`
    	BirthTime     int64           `bson:"birthTime" json:"birthTime"`
    }
    
    type CustomContext struct {
        
    	ParamName  string `bson:"paramName" json:"paramName"`
    	ParamType  string `bson:"paramType" json:"paramType"`
    	ParamValue string `bson:"paramValue" json:"paramValue"`
    	ShowOrNot  int    `bson:"showOrNot" json:"showOrNot"`
    }

## 4、CRUD 语句 ##

#### （1）insert ####

golang 内部创建 entity 对象

C1:= {
        
    "ParamName":"username",
    "ParamType":"string",
    "ParamValue":"zhangsan",
    "ShowOrNot":1
    }
    C2:= {
        
    "ParamName":"phone",
    "ParamType":"string",
    "ParamValue":"17192180553",
    "ShowOrNot":1
    }
    
    var customCon []CustomContext
    customCon={
        C1,C2}
    
    userinfo:=AuthUserInfo{
        
    	AuthLevel:“1“,
    	HumanName:“test001“,
    	HumanGroup:“manager“,
    	Passwd:“123456“,
    	Info:“this is a account typed manager“,
    	CustomContext:customCon,
    	DeadOrAlive:1
    	BirthTime:time.Now().Unix(), //the signal `,` is must not be delete
    }

//调用方法
    //func (c *Collection) Insert(docs ...interface{
        }) error {
        }

golang 内部使用如下

err := collection.Insert( userinfo )
    if err != nil{
        
       fmt.Println(err)
    }

#### （2）update ####

调用方法： func (c \*Collection) Update(selector interface\{\}, update interface\{\}) error \{\}

selector := bson.M{
        "humanName": user.HumanName}
    err := collection.Update(selector, userinfo)
    //----or---
    c.Update(
    	selector,
    	bson.M{
        "$set": bson.M{
         info need to be set}}
    )

调用方法：func (c \*Collection) UpdateId(id interface\{\}, update interface\{\}) error \{\}

id := bson.ObjectIdHex("5ec744b33d8a59080fb61a7b")
    	data := bson.M{
        "$set": bson.M{
        "humanGroup": "teacher"}}
    	err := collection.UpdateId(id, data)
    	if err != nil {
        
    		fmt.Println(err)
    	} else {
        
    		fmt.Println("updateId is successful")
    	}

调用方法：func (c \*Collection) UpdateAll(selector interface\{\}, update interface\{\}) (info \*ChangeInfo, err error) \{\}

selector := bson.M{
        "humanGroup": "manager"}
    	setStr := bson.M{
        "$set": bson.M{
        "humanGroup": "custom"}}
    	info, err := collection.UpdateAll(selector, setStr)
    	if err != nil {
        
    		fmt.Println(err)
    	} else {
        
    		fmt.Println(info)
    	}

调用方法：func (c \*Collection) Upsert(selector interface\{\}, update interface\{\}) (info \*ChangeInfo, err error) \{\}

selector := bson.M{
        "humanName": user.HumanName}
    info, err := collection.Upsert(selector, user)
    	if err != nil {
        
    		fmt.Println(err)
    	} else {
        
    		fmt.Println(info)
    	}
    //-------or -----------------
    c.Update(
    	selector,
    	bson.M{
        "$inc": bson.M{
         "country": , "china",}}
    )

调用方法：func (c \*Collection) UpsertId(id interface\{\}, update interface\{\}) (info \*ChangeInfo, err error) \{\}

newid := bson.ObjectIdHex("5ec748e53d8a59080fb61c11")
    	sertStr := bson.M{
        "$set": bson.M{
        "country": "china"}}
    	info, err := collection.UpsertId(newid, sertStr)
    	if err != nil {
        
    		fmt.Println(err)
    	} else {
        
    		fmt.Println(info)
    	}

update的其他使用方式
    	（1）给列表添加item
    	c.Update(
    		bson.M{"_id": bson.ObjectIdHex("5204af979955496907000001")},
    		bson.M{"$push": bson.M{ "interests": "Golang", }}
    	)
    	（2）移除列表项
    	c.Update(
    		bson.M{"_id": bson.ObjectIdHex("5204af979955496907000001")},
    		bson.M{"$pull": bson.M{ "interests": "Golang", }}
    	)

### （3）delete ###

id := bson.ObjectIdHex("5ec744b33d8a59080fb61a7b")
    err := collection.RemoveId(id)

### （4）query ###

调用方法：func (c \*Collection) Find(query interface\{\}) \*Query \{\}

selector := bson.M{
        "humanGroup": "teacher"}
    	var users AuthUserInfo
    	collection.Find(selector).All(&users)

调用方法：func (c \*Collection) FindId(id interface\{\}) \*Query \{\}

id := bson.ObjectIdHex("5ec748e53d8a59080fb61c11")
    	var users AuthUserInfo
    	collection.FindId(id).All(&users)

！！！！注：find().One(&users)---- 如果找不到数据则会报错

query 常用符号表  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xvYmJ5X0Fubnk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

> 本文参考了以下两篇博客  
> [https://www.jianshu.com/p/b63e5cfa4ce5][https_www.jianshu.com_p_b63e5cfa4ce5]  
> [https://www.cnblogs.com/williamjie/p/9692660.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_williamjie_p_9692660.html]

[mongoDB]: https://www.mongodb.com/download-center
[Robot 3T]: https://robomongo.org/
[2020052218473250.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020052218473250.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xvYmJ5X0Fubnk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200522185317915.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xvYmJ5X0Fubnk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xvYmJ5X0Fubnk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200522185726212.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xvYmJ5X0Fubnk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xvYmJ5X0Fubnk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200522185930749.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xvYmJ5X0Fubnk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xvYmJ5X0Fubnk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200522192633893.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0xvYmJ5X0Fubnk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[https_www.jianshu.com_p_b63e5cfa4ce5]: https://www.jianshu.com/p/b63e5cfa4ce5
[https_www.cnblogs.com_williamjie_p_9692660.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/williamjie/p/9692660.html