elasticsearch 命令简介

朴灿烈づ我的快乐病毒、 2023-02-10 15:30 159阅读 0赞

## 环境介绍 ##

以下命令都是基于`7.2.0`版本，不同版本之间可能稍有区别

## 创建索引 ##

PUT /index_member
    { 
       "settings" : { 
       	  # 分片的数量
          "number_of_shards" : 3,
          # 副本的数量
          "number_of_replicas" : 3
       }
    }

## 删除索引 ##

DELETE /index_member

## 创建索引的mapping信息 ##

[Elasticsearch数据类型及其属性][Elasticsearch]

PUT /index_member/_mapping
    { 
      "properties": { 
        "memberId": { 
          "type": "keyword",
          "index": true
        },
        "idNumber": { 
          "type": "keyword",
          "index": true
        },
        "birthday": { 
          "type": "long"
        },
        "height": { 
          "type": "short"
        },
        "weight": { 
          "type": "scaled_float",
          "scaling_factor": 100
        }
      }
    }

## 获取索引的mapping信息 ##

GET /index_member/_mapping

## 使用SQL语句查询 ##

`format`后面有多重选择，如`csv、yaml、cbor、smile`等，但我们常用的就`json`和`txt`，`txt`格式方便我们平时直观的观察数据，而`json`则方便程序的获取。

POST /_sql?format=txt
    { 
      "query": """SELECT memberId, username, phone, familyId FROM index_member order by phone"""
    }

## 使用DSL语句查询 ##

# 只有query，没有filter
    GET /website/article/_search
    { 
      "query": { 
        "bool": { 
          "must": [
            { 
              "match": { 
                "title": "elasticsearch"
              }
            },
            { 
              "range": { 
                "id": { 
                  "gte": 18
                }
              }
            }
          ],
          "should": [
            { 
              "match": { 
                "content": "elasticsearch"
              }
            }
          ],
          "must_not": [
            { 
              "match": { 
                "author_id": 111
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
    # 带有filter语句
    GET /company/employee/_search
    { 
      "query": { 
        "bool": { 
          "must": [
            { 
              "match": { 
                "join_date": "2016-01-01"
              }
            }
          ],
          "filter": { 
            "range": { 
              "age": { 
                "gte": 30
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

## 修改索引数据类型 ##

原索引

{ 
      "index_original" : { 
        "mappings" : { 
          "properties" : { 
            "memberId" : { 
              "type" : "keyword"
            },
            "username" : { 
              "type" : "text"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

创建一个新索引

PUT /index_temp
    { 
       "settings" : { 
          "number_of_shards" : 3,
          "number_of_replicas" : 3
       },
       "mappings": { 
         "properties": { 
          "memberId": { 
            "type": "long"
          },
          "username": { 
            "type": "text"
          }
        }
       }
    }

将原索引的数据同步到新索引

POST _reindex                   
    { 
      "source": { 
        "index": "index_original"
      },
      "dest": { 
        "index": "index_temp"
      }
    }

删除原索引

DELETE index_original

为新索引设置别名

POST /_aliases
    { 
         "actions": [
             { "add": { "index": "index_temp", "alias": "index_original"}}
         ]
    }

也可以再次创建原索引，然后再将数据同步回去。

删除索引别名

POST /_aliases
    { 
         "actions": [
             { "remove": { "index": "index_temp", "alias": "index_original"}}
         ]
    }

## 通过索引模板，修改默认分片和副本数 ##

# 以member_开头的index，默认分片数为1，副本数为2
    POST /_template/index_patterns
    { 
      "order": 0,
      "index_patterns": [
        "member_*"
      ],
      "settings": { 
        "index": { 
          "number_of_shards": "1",
          "number_of_replicas": "2"
        }
      },
      "mappings": { },
      "aliases": { }
    }

## 查看集群状态 ##

`GET /_cluster/state`

## 获取所有index情况 ##

`GET /_cluster/state`

## 获取某个index的shard副本分配情况 ##

`GET /_cat/shards/index_name?v`

## 获取index的情况 ##

`GET /index_name`

## 动态设置索引副本数量 ##

POST /index_name/_settings
    { 
    	"number_of_replicas" : 2
    }

## 手动移动分片 ##

这个不一定会成功，因为es会尽力保证数据的平均性，所有可能这个`shard`移过去了，但另一个`shard`又会移过来。

POST /_cluster/reroute
    { 
       "commands" : [{ 
    		"move" : { 
    			"index" : "index_name",
    			"shard" : 0,
    			"from_node" : "es-0",
    			"to_node" : "es-3"
    		}
    	}]
    }

## 手动分配分片 ##

POST /_cluster/reroute
    { 
       "commands" : [{ 
    		"allocate" : { 
    			"index" : "index_name",
    			"shard" : 0,
    			"node" : "es-0"
    		}
    	}]
    }

[Elasticsearch]: https://blog.csdn.net/hello_world123456789/article/details/95341515