springcloud整合分布式事务(seata)

2023-01-24 05:21 2437阅读 0赞

一.理论部分

二.实践部分  
这里整理了一些落地的分布式事务中间件：

1.  [tx-lcn][]
2.  [seata][]

其中tx-lcn项目git3.9K的star，5.0以后由于框架兼容了LCN（2pc）、TCC、TXC 三种事务模式，为了区分LCN模式，特此将LCN分布式事务改名为TX-LCN分布式事务框架。它是一种本地事务协调，本身并不会产生事务，2020年10月之后暂时没有新的提交记录。

seata的git18.7K的star，开源之前的内部版本在阿里经济体内部一直扮演着分布式一致性中间件的角色，帮助经济体平稳的度过历年的双11，对各BU业务进行了有力的支撑。商业化产品GTS 先后在阿里云、金融云进行售卖。Seata分TC、TM和RM三个角色，TC（Server端）为单独服务端部署，TM和RM（Client端）由业务系统集成。

![14430142-f139824abbfe46fc.png][]

image.png

因为项目是使用alibaba springcloud的，并且seata比较活跃，禁受住了双十一的考验，本文使用seata整合目前的项目。

--------------------

官方文档：[http://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/user/quickstart.html][http_seata.io_zh-cn_docs_user_quickstart.html]  
准备工作：

1.客户端依赖引入：

<dependency>
                    <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
                    <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                    <version>最新版</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
                    <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
                    <exclusions>
                        <exclusion>
                            <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
                            <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                        </exclusion>
                    </exclusions>
                </dependency>

这里需要注意，需要根据自身项目的Spring Cloud Alibaba Version版本进行相应seata版本的选择，以下是Spring Cloud Alibaba个版本与seata版本的对应关系：

![14430142-36cc3e6cdeae0975.png][]

image.png

![14430142-578047759f971b51.png][]

image.png

如果还是无法启动，可以使用以下依赖：

<dependency>
         <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
     </dependency>

2.客户端应用配置  
注意波浪线处需要相同

![14430142-ba0ad8bd3521f4cb.png][]

image.png

3.服务端配置

*  修改seata/conf 中的file.conf （此次存储使用mysql）

## transaction log store, only used in seata-server
    store {
      ## store mode: file、db、redis
      mode = "db"
    
      ## file store property
      file {
        ## store location dir
        dir = "sessionStore"
        # branch session size , if exceeded first try compress lockkey, still exceeded throws exceptions
        maxBranchSessionSize = 16384
        # globe session size , if exceeded throws exceptions
        maxGlobalSessionSize = 512
        # file buffer size , if exceeded allocate new buffer
        fileWriteBufferCacheSize = 16384
        # when recover batch read size
        sessionReloadReadSize = 100
        # async, sync
        flushDiskMode = async
      }
    
      ## database store property
      db {
        ## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp)/HikariDataSource(hikari) etc.
        datasource = "druid"
        ## mysql/oracle/postgresql/h2/oceanbase etc.
        dbType = "mysql"
        driverClassName = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
        url = "jdbc:mysql://XXX.XX.XX.XX:3306/seata"
        user = "XXXX"
        password = "XXXXXX"
        minConn = 5
        maxConn = 100
        globalTable = "global_table"
        branchTable = "branch_table"
        lockTable = "lock_table"
        queryLimit = 100
        maxWait = 5000
      }
    
      ## redis store property
      redis {
        host = "127.0.0.1"
        port = "6379"
        password = ""
        database = "0"
        minConn = 1
        maxConn = 10
        maxTotal = 100
        queryLimit = 100
      }
    
    }

*  修改seata/conf 中的\_registry.conf

registry {
      # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
      type = "nacos"
      loadBalance = "RandomLoadBalance"
      loadBalanceVirtualNodes = 10
    
      nacos {
        application = "serverAddr"
        serverAddr = "192.168.8.131:8848"
        group = "SEATA_GROUP"
        namespace = "e945d9a7-1942-4e1b-8ed0-29fdcd67d555"
        cluster = "default"
        username = ""
        password = ""
      }
      eureka {
        serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka"
        application = "default"
        weight = "1"
      }
      redis {
        serverAddr = "localhost:6379"
        db = 0
        password = ""
        cluster = "default"
        timeout = 0
      }
      zk {
        cluster = "default"
        serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
        sessionTimeout = 6000
        connectTimeout = 2000
        username = ""
        password = ""
      }
      consul {
        cluster = "default"
        serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
      }
      etcd3 {
        cluster = "default"
        serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
      }
      sofa {
        serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:9603"
        application = "default"
        region = "DEFAULT_ZONE"
        datacenter = "DefaultDataCenter"
        cluster = "default"
        group = "SEATA_GROUP"
        addressWaitTime = "3000"
      }
      file {
        name = "file.conf"
      }
    }
    
    config {
      # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
      type = "file"
    
      nacos {
        serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
        namespace = ""
        group = "SEATA_GROUP"
        username = ""
        password = ""
      }
      consul {
        serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
      }
      apollo {
        appId = "seata-server"
        apolloMeta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801"
        namespace = "application"
        apolloAccesskeySecret = ""
      }
      zk {
        serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
        sessionTimeout = 6000
        connectTimeout = 2000
        username = ""
        password = ""
      }
      etcd3 {
        serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
      }
      file {
        name = "file.conf"
      }
    }

*  执行sql，新建三张表

-- the table to store GlobalSession data
    drop table if exists `global_table`;
    create table `global_table` (
      `xid` varchar(128)  not null,
      `transaction_id` bigint,
      `status` tinyint not null,
      `application_id` varchar(32),
      `transaction_service_group` varchar(32),
      `transaction_name` varchar(128),
      `timeout` int,
      `begin_time` bigint,
      `application_data` varchar(2000),
      `gmt_create` datetime,
      `gmt_modified` datetime,
      primary key (`xid`),
      key `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`),
      key `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
    );
    
    -- the table to store BranchSession data
    drop table if exists `branch_table`;
    create table `branch_table` (
      `branch_id` bigint not null,
      `xid` varchar(128) not null,
      `transaction_id` bigint ,
      `resource_group_id` varchar(32),
      `resource_id` varchar(256) ,
      `lock_key` varchar(128) ,
      `branch_type` varchar(8) ,
      `status` tinyint,
      `client_id` varchar(64),
      `application_data` varchar(2000),
      `gmt_create` datetime,
      `gmt_modified` datetime,
      primary key (`branch_id`),
      key `idx_xid` (`xid`)
    );
    
    -- the table to store lock data
    drop table if exists `lock_table`;
    create table `lock_table` (
      `row_key` varchar(128) not null,
      `xid` varchar(96),
      `transaction_id` long ,
      `branch_id` long,
      `resource_id` varchar(256) ,
      `table_name` varchar(32) ,
      `pk` varchar(36) ,
      `gmt_create` datetime ,
      `gmt_modified` datetime,
      primary key(`row_key`)
    );
    
    
    -- the table to store seata xid data
    -- 0.7.0+ add context
    -- you must to init this sql for you business databese. the seata server not need it.
    -- 此脚本必须初始化在你当前的业务数据库中，用于AT 模式XID记录。与server端无关（注：业务数据库）
    -- 注意此处0.3.0+ 增加唯一索引 ux_undo_log
    -- drop table `undo_log`;
    CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
      `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
      `xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
      `context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
      `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
      `log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
      `log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
      `log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
      `ext` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
      UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

*  启动  
    进入/seata/bin/，执行sh seata-server.sh

1.  代码中使用  
    给事务发起者的方法上加上@GlobalTransactional即可，例如：

@GlobalTransactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
    private int function() {
     ... ...
    }

参考：[https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/183753774][https_zhuanlan.zhihu.com_p_183753774]

[tx-lcn]: https://links.jianshu.com/go?to=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fcodingapi%2Ftx-lcn
[seata]: https://links.jianshu.com/go?to=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fseata%2Fseata
[14430142-f139824abbfe46fc.png]: /images/20221119/efccd05544fa4f27b4b7be6b057587ca.png
[http_seata.io_zh-cn_docs_user_quickstart.html]: https://links.jianshu.com/go?to=http%3A%2F%2Fseata.io%2Fzh-cn%2Fdocs%2Fuser%2Fquickstart.html
[14430142-36cc3e6cdeae0975.png]: /images/20221119/453d8a14252d483a8f5a841ffd236fbf.png
[14430142-578047759f971b51.png]: /images/20221119/ec7af210a2f94ddc9da7a97a3e432c00.png
[14430142-ba0ad8bd3521f4cb.png]: /images/20221119/dc5dc55c70b64f93ad75a7b8c3ce0cdf.png
[https_zhuanlan.zhihu.com_p_183753774]: https://links.jianshu.com/go?to=https%3A%2F%2Fzhuanlan.zhihu.com%2Fp%2F183753774