6 个提高 React 代码质量的方法 - 让你的 React 代码更简洁 阳光穿透心脏的1/2处 2023-01-18 14:22 1阅读 0赞 ![f5e5f265bdf34f30c01a81e64e32cecc.png][] 简洁的代码具有更好的可读性,容易理解,且易于组织。 本篇文章介绍 6 个在 React 中写简洁代码的技巧。 ### **1. 条件渲染(一个条件时)** ### 当你要根据条件来判断,以渲染不同的组件时,比如条件满足(为 true) 时,就渲染组件,否则不渲染(渲染空内容),这种情况下 不要用三元运算符,而是要用 `&&` 这个操作符来处理,看下面的例子: **不好的代码:** import React, { useState } from 'react' export const ConditionalRenderingWhenTrueBad = () => { const [showConditionalText, setShowConditionalText] = useState(false) const handleClick = () => setShowConditionalText(showConditionalText => !showConditionalText) return ( <div> <button onClick={handleClick}>Toggle the text</button> {showConditionalText ? <p>The condition must be true!</p> : null} </div> ) } **改进后的代码:** import React, { useState } from 'react' export const ConditionalRenderingWhenTrueGood = () => { const [showConditionalText, setShowConditionalText] = useState(false) const handleClick = () => setShowConditionalText(showConditionalText => !showConditionalText) return ( <div> <button onClick={handleClick}>Toggle the text</button> {showConditionalText && <p>The condition must be true!</p>} </div> ) } ### **2. 条件渲染(不同的条件时)** ### 跟上面的情况有点像,也是根据条件来判断渲染的组件,只是条件不满足时不再渲染空内容,而是渲染别的组件内容。 这个时候应该用三元运算符。 **不好的代码:** import React, { useState } from 'react' export const ConditionalRenderingBad = () => { const [showConditionOneText, setShowConditionOneText] = useState(false) const handleClick = () => setShowConditionOneText(showConditionOneText => !showConditionOneText) return ( <div> <button onClick={handleClick}>Toggle the text</button> {showConditionOneText && <p>The condition must be true!</p>} {!showConditionOneText && <p>The condition must be false!</p>} </div> ) } **改进后的代码:** import React, { useState } from 'react' export const ConditionalRenderingGood = () => { const [showConditionOneText, setShowConditionOneText] = useState(false) const handleClick = () => setShowConditionOneText(showConditionOneText => !showConditionOneText) return ( <div> <button onClick={handleClick}>Toggle the text</button> {showConditionOneText ? ( <p>The condition must be true!</p> ) : ( <p>The condition must be false!</p> )} </div> ) } ### **3. 布尔值属性** ### 我们经常会传一个布尔类型的属性 (props) 给组件,类似 `myTruthyProp={true}` 这样的写法是没有必要的。 不好的代码: import React from 'react' const HungryMessage = ({ isHungry }) => ( <span>{isHungry ? 'I am hungry' : 'I am full'}</span> ) export const BooleanPropBad = () => ( <div> <span> <b>This person is hungry: </b> </span> <HungryMessage isHungry={true} /> <br /> <span> <b>This person is full: </b> </span> <HungryMessage isHungry={false} /> </div> ) **改进后的代码:** import React from 'react' const HungryMessage = ({ isHungry }) => ( <span>{isHungry ? 'I am hungry' : 'I am full'}</span> ) export const BooleanPropGood = () => ( <div> <span> <b>This person is hungry: </b> </span> <HungryMessage isHungry /> <br /> <span> <b>This person is full: </b> </span> <HungryMessage isHungry={false} /> </div> ) 这样更简洁点,虽然只是一个小小技巧,但是可以从中看出你是不是一个有经验且优秀的程序员。 ### **4. 字符串属性** ### 跟上面的例子差不多,只是换成了字符串类型,这个时候,我们通常用双引号把字符串括起来,再加上花括号,如下面这样: 不好的代码: import React from 'react' const Greeting = ({ personName }) => <p>Hi, {personName}!</p> export const StringPropValuesBad = () => ( <div> <Greeting personName={"John"} /> <Greeting personName={'Matt'} /> <Greeting personName={`Paul`} /> </div> ) **改进后的代码:** import React from 'react' const Greeting = ({ personName }) => <p>Hi, {personName}!</p> export const StringPropValuesGood = () => ( <div> <Greeting personName="John" /> <Greeting personName="Matt" /> <Greeting personName="Paul" /> </div> ) ### **5. 事件绑定函数** ### 我们经常会给一个组件绑定类似 `onClick` 或 `onChange` 这样的事件,比如我们可能会这样写:`onChange={e => handleChange(e)}`,其实是没必要的,且看: **不好的代码:** import React, { useState } from 'react' export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionsBad = () => { const [inputValue, setInputValue] = useState('') const handleChange = e => { setInputValue(e.target.value) } return ( <> <label htmlFor="name">Name: </label> <input id="name" value={inputValue} onChange={e => handleChange(e)} /> </> ) } **改进后的代码:** import React, { useState } from 'react' export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionsGood = () => { const [inputValue, setInputValue] = useState('') const handleChange = e => { setInputValue(e.target.value) } return ( <> <label htmlFor="name">Name: </label> <input id="name" value={inputValue} onChange={handleChange} /> </> ) } ### **6. 组件属性** ### 跟上面的例子差不多,我们也可以把组件作为属性传给别的组件,这个时候,支持使用把组件包成函数来传递,但没有接任何参数的时候,这种是没有必要的,且看: **不好的代码:** import React from 'react' const CircleIcon = () => ( <svg height="100" width="100"> <circle cx="50" cy="50" r="40" stroke="black" stroke-width="3" fill="red" /> </svg> ) const ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon = ({ IconComponent }) => ( <div> <p>Below is the icon component prop I was given:</p> <IconComponent /> </div> ) export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionComponentsBad = () => ( <ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon IconComponent={() => <CircleIcon />} /> ) **改进后的代码:** import React from 'react' const CircleIcon = () => ( <svg height="100" width="100"> <circle cx="50" cy="50" r="40" stroke="black" stroke-width="3" fill="red" /> </svg> ) const ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon = ({ IconComponent }) => ( <div> <p>Below is the icon component prop I was given:</p> <IconComponent /> </div> ) export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionComponentsGood = () => ( <ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon IconComponent={CircleIcon} /> ) ### **总结** ### 有时候写代码我们并没有注意到,多写一行,或多写内容有什么问题,但是有时候是没有必要的,我们尽量避免这个,写出更好,更简洁的代码,这样别人能认为你是个有经验的程序员。 以上6个优化后的React 代码片段,如果您认为对您有帮助,请记得 **点赞**、**留言**、**分享**和**收藏**** **哦~~ [f5e5f265bdf34f30c01a81e64e32cecc.png]: /images/20221021/5b4460c5e9dc4bae8b6aad6c4833b3df.png
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