几款网络测试工具总结

一时失言乱红尘 2023-01-18 12:23 74阅读 0赞

ping命令以前是一个很好用并且常用的网络测试工具，它是基于ICMP协议，但是出于网络安全等因素，大部分网络环境以及云环境可能都会禁止ICMP协议，所以在工作中，我们必须掌握一些其他比较流行的网络测试工具，下面分别介绍 tcpping、tcping、psping、hping、paping等几款网络测试工具。

# 关于ICMP概念： #

ICMP是（Internet Control Message Protocol）Internet控制报文协议。它是TCP/IP协议族的一个子协议，用于在IP主机、路由器之间传递控制消息。控制消息是指网络通不通、主机是否可达、路由是否可用等网络本身的消息。这些控制消息虽然并不传输用户数据，但是对于用户数据的传递起着重要的作用。

# tcpping介绍 #

tcpping工具工作在 TCP 层，通过发送伪造的 TCP SYN 包并侦听来自服务器或中间设备返回的 SYN/ACK 或 RST 。代码100多行，源代码在此链接http://www.vdberg.org/richard/tcpping，tcpping需要调用tcptraceroute。打印与ping近乎相同测试结果，目前版本为V1.7，tcping的介绍参考链接http://www.vdberg.org/richard/tcpping.html，这个是Richard van den Berg在2002年编写的，作者当时需要测量TCP往返时间。所以写了这个脚本。tcpping只支持Linux。不支持Windows平台。

tcpping安装

1:tcpping脚本依赖tcptraceroute组件，所以必须先安装tcptraceroute

# yum install tcptraceroute

2：下载tcpping文件

#  wget http://www.vdberg.org/~richard/tcpping

3：将tcpping文件移动到/usr/bin下并授权。

# mv tcpping /usr/bin/
    # cd /usr/bin
    # chmod 755 tcpping

tcpping测试

tcpping帮助信息。

# tcpping
    
    tcpping v1.7 Richard van den Berg <richard@vdberg.org>
    
     
    Usage: tcpping [-d] [-c] [-C] [-w sec] [-q num] [-x count] ipaddress [port]
    
     
    
            -d   print timestamp before every result          
    
            -c   print a columned result line
    
            -C   print in the same format as fping's -C option
    
            -w   wait time in seconds (defaults to 3)
    
            -r   repeat every n seconds (defaults to 1)
    
            -x   repeat n times (defaults to unlimited)
    
     
    
    See also: man tcptraceroute

![在这里插入图片描述][20210506120654345.png]

![clip\_image001\[4\]][clip_image001_4]

![clip\_image002\[4\]][clip_image002_4]

# tcping介绍 #

tcping也是通过tcp端口工作，tcping还能监听某个端口的状态，注意tcping与tcpping是不同的两款工具，另外tcping也有很多版本。如下所示：

来自 kirchner 源代码的 TCPing

来自 Eli Fulkerson 源代码的 TCPing  
Windows

tcping安装

Windows平台：

从https://www.elifulkerson.com/projects/tcping.php下载该工具后。放到C:\\Windows\\System32目录下即可。无需安装。

Linux平台：

linux平台较多，安装方式也较多，当然最简单的莫过于yum安装。测试感觉Linux下的这款工具功能过于简单。

# yum install tcping

tcping测试

Eli Fulkerson写的Windows下的tcping功能十分强大。参数多到不想去总结，实在是太多了，如果不清楚，每次使用的时候查看帮助文档即可。

C:\Users>tcping www.aliyun.com
    
    
    
    Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.444ms
    
    Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.574ms
    
    Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.965ms
    
    Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=4.074ms
    
    
    
    Ping statistics for 140.205.172.20:80
    
        4 probes sent.
    
        4 successful, 0 failed.
    
    Approximate trip times in milli-seconds:
    
        Minimum = 2.444ms, Maximum = 4.074ms, Average = 3.014ms
    
    
    
    C:\Users>tcping www.aliyun.com 80
    
    
    
    Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.731ms
    
    Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.126ms
    
    Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.916ms
    
    Probing 140.205.172.20:80/tcp - Port is open - time=2.609ms
    
    
    
    Ping statistics for 140.205.172.20:80
    
        4 probes sent.
    
        4 successful, 0 failed.
    
    Approximate trip times in milli-seconds:
    
        Minimum = 2.126ms, Maximum = 2.916ms, Average = 2.595ms
    
    
    
    C:\Users>

Linux：

Linux下的tcping命令功能非常简单，如下所示，感觉没有tcpping或Windows下的tcping功能强大。

Usage: tcping [-q] [-t timeout_sec] [-u timeout_usec] <host> <port>
    
    
    [root@DB-Server ~]# tcping  192.168.27.57 1433
    
    192.168.27.57 port 1433 open.

# PsPing介绍 #

下面是官方文档以及Azure官方文档关于PsPing的介绍资料，这些介绍已经全面的阐述了PsPing这款工具：

PsPing implements Ping functionality, TCP ping, latency and bandwidth measurement. Use the following command-line options to show the usage for each test type:

通常，我们测试数据包能否通过IP协议到达特定主机时，都习惯使用 ping 命令。工作时用ping向目标主机发送一个 IMCP Echo 请求的数据包，并等待接收 Echo 响应数据包，通过响应时间和成功响应的次数来估算丢包率和网络时延。但是在 Azure 中ICMP包无法通过防火墙和负载均衡器，所以不能直接使用 ping 来测试 Azure 中的虚拟机和服务的连通性（VPN 和 Express Route 通道中的流量不经过负载均衡器，所以只要链路上的防火墙允许 ICMP 包传递，ping 依然可用）。

为了在 Azure 中进行连通性测试，例如测试 RDP、SSH 端口可用性，或者 HTTP、HTTPS 服务稳定性，甚至测试从 Azure 向外部服务的连接，我们都推荐使用 PsPing 或 PaPing。PsPing 是微软 PSTools 工具套件中的其中一个命令。除了ICMP ping 测试，它主要用来测试 TCP 端口的连通性，还可以测试 TCP/UDP 网络时延和带宽。不过， PsPing 只能在 Windows 中运行。如果您需要在 Linux 中发起 TCP 端口连通性和网路时延的测试，可以使用 PaPing 。PaPing 是一个跨平台的开源工具。它的功能相对 PsPing 而言更简单，只支持 TCP 端口的相关测试，不支持 UDP 端口的测试。

PsPing安装

PSTool工具包可以从微软官方网址下载：https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/sysinternals/downloads/psping 。 解压PSTools.zip包后，将psping.exe拷贝到C:\\Windows\\System32下，那么你在cmd命令窗口的任意目录都可以使用PsPing命令了。当然你也可以单独将 psping.exe 命令解压出来放在任意路径，然后从命令提示符来运行。只是这样就需要在运行命令前转换到psping.exe所在的路径。

PsPing参数

psping帮助信息查看，如下所示psping四个主要功能的帮助命令，四个功能分别是ICMP Ping、TCP Ping、延迟测试、带宽测试。

![clip\_image003\[4\]][clip_image003_4]

C:\Users>psping -? i
    
    
    
    PsPing v2.01 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility
    
    Copyright (C) 2012-2014 Mark Russinovich
    
    Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com
    
    
    
    ICMP ping usage: psping [[-6]|[-4]] [-h [buckets|<val1>,<val2>,...]] [-i <inter
    
    al>] [-l <requestsize>[k|m] [-q] [-t|-n <count>] [-w <count>] <destination>
    
     -h    Print histogram (default bucket count is 20).
    
           If you specify a single argument, it's interpreted as a bucket
    
           count and the histogram will contain that number of
    
           buckets covering the entire time range of values.
    
           Specify a comma-separated list of times to create a custom
    
           histogram (e.g. "0.01,0.05,1,5,10").
    
     -i    Interval in seconds. Specify 0 for fast ping.
    
     -l    Request size. Append 'k' for kilobytes and 'm' for megabytes.
    
     -n    Number of pings or append 's' to specify seconds e.g. '10s'.
    
     -q    Don't output during pings.
    
     -t    Ping until stopped with Ctrl+C and type Ctrl+Break
    
           for statistics.
    
     -w    Warmup with the specified number of iterations (default is 1).
    
     -4    Force using IPv4.
    
     -6    Force using IPv6.
    
    
    
    For high-speed ping tests use -q and -i 0.

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2N0eXB5YjIwMDI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2N0eXB5YjIwMDI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

延迟测试多了参数-r,-u,-f

C:\Users>psping -? l
    
    
    
    PsPing v2.10 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility
    
    Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Mark Russinovich
    
    Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com
    
    
    
    TCP and UDP latency usage:
    
    server: psping [-6|-4] [-f] -s address:port
    
    client: psping -l requestsize[k|m] -n count[s] [-r] [-u] [-w count] [-f] [-h [b
    
    ckets|val1,val2,...]] [-6|-4] destination:port
    
     -l    Request size. Append 'k' for kilobytes and 'm' for megabytes.
    
     -n    Number of sends/receives. Append 's' to specify seconds e.g. '10s'.
    
     -r    Receive from the server instead of sending.
    
     -u    UDP (default is TCP).
    
     -w    Warmup with the specified number of iterations (default is 5).
    
     -f    Open source firewall port during the run.
    
     -h    Print histogram (default bucket count is 20).
    
           If you specify a single argument, it's interpreted as a bucket
    
           count and the histogram will contain that number of
    
           buckets covering the entire time range of values.
    
           Specify a comma-separated list of times to create a custom
    
           histogram (e.g. "0.01,0.05,1,5,10").
    
     -4    Force using IPv4.
    
     -6    Force using IPv6.
    
     -s    Server listening address and port.
    
    
    
    The server can serve both latency and bandwidth tests and remains active until
    
    you terminate it with Control-C.

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2N0eXB5YjIwMDI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

C:\Users>psping -? b
    
    
    
    PsPing v2.10 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility
    
    Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Mark Russinovich
    
    Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com
    
    
    
    TCP and UDP bandwidth usage:
    
    server: psping [-6|-4] [-f] -s address:port
    
    client: psping -b -l requestsize[k|m] -n count[s] [-r] [-u [target]] [-i outstan
    
    ding] [-w count] [-f] [-h [buckets|val1,val2,...]] [-6|-4] destination:port
    
     -b    Bandwidth test.
    
     -l    Request size. Append 'k' for kilobytes and 'm' for megabytes.
    
     -n    Number of sends/receives. Append 's' to specify seconds e.g. '10s'.
    
     -r    Receive from the server instead of sending.
    
     -u    UDP (default is TCP). Specify target bandwidth in MB/s.
    
     -i    Number of outstanding I/Os (default is min of 16 and 2x CPU cores).
    
     -w    Warmup for the specified iterations (default is 2x CPU cores).
    
     -f    Open source firewall port during the run.
    
     -h    Print histogram (default bucket count is 20).
    
           If you specify a single argument, it's interpreted as a bucket
    
           count and the histogram will contain that number of
    
           buckets covering the entire time range of values.
    
           Specify a comma-separated list of times to create a custom
    
           histogram (e.g. "0.01,0.05,1,5,10").
    
     -4    Force using IPv4.
    
     -6    Force using IPv6.
    
     -s    Server listening address and port.
    
    
    
    The server can serve both latency and bandwidth tests and remains active until
    
    you terminate it with Control-C.

带宽测试多了-b、-i两个参数。如下所示：

\-b 带宽测试

\-i 未完成的I/O数量

PsPing测试案例

例子1，例如我要检查服务器的1433端口是否开放

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2N0eXB5YjIwMDI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

例子2：网络时延测试

C:\Users>psping -n 6 -w 2 -h xxxxxx.database.chinacloudapi.cn:1433
    
    
    
    PsPing v2.10 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility
    
    Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Mark Russinovich
    
    Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com
    
    
    
    TCP connect to 139.219.130.35:1433:
    
    8 iterations (warmup 2) ping test:
    
    Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433 (warmup): from 192.168.103.21:57851: 36.10ms
    
    Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433 (warmup): from 192.168.103.21:57852: 36.32ms
    
    Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433: from 192.168.103.21:57853: 40.33ms
    
    Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433: from 192.168.103.21:57854: 34.71ms
    
    Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433: from 192.168.103.21:57855: 35.60ms
    
    Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433: from 192.168.103.21:57856: 35.74ms
    
    Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433: from 192.168.103.21:57858: 40.21ms
    
    Connecting to 139.xxx.130.xx:1433: from 192.168.103.21:57859: 39.50ms
    
    
    
    TCP connect statistics for 139.xxx.130.xxx:1433:
    
     Sent = 6, Received = 6, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
    
     Minimum = 34.71ms, Maximum = 40.33ms, Average = 37.68ms
    
    
    
    Latency Count
    
    34.71   1
    
    35.01   0
    
    35.30   0
    
    35.60   2
    
    35.89   0
    
    36.19   0
    
    36.49   0
    
    36.78   0
    
    37.08   0
    
    37.37   0
    
    37.67   0
    
    37.96   0
    
    38.26   0
    
    38.56   0
    
    38.85   0
    
    39.15   0
    
    39.44   1
    
    39.74   0
    
    40.03   1
    
    40.33   1

例子3：网络带宽测试

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2N0eXB5YjIwMDI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

# paping安装测试 #

paping的下载地址如下，它分Windows和Linux版本。

https://code.google.com/archive/p/paping/downloads

tar -xvf paping_1.5.5_x86-64_linux.tar.gz

解压到任意目录，就可以直接执行。另外paping命令对比psping命令，功能更简单、单一。它只有简单的4个参数。

\-p, --port N 指定被测试服务的 TCP 端口（必须）；

–nocolor 屏蔽彩色输出；

\-t, --timeout 指定超时时长，单位为毫秒，默认值为 1000；

\-c, --count N 指定测试次数。

[root@DB-Server tmp]# ./paping -?
    
    paping v1.5.5 - Copyright (c) 2011 Mike Lovell
    
    
    
    Syntax: paping [options] destination
    
    
    
    Options:
    
    -?, --help     display usage
    
    -p, --port N   set TCP port N (required)
    
        --nocolor  Disable color output
    
    -t, --timeout  timeout in milliseconds (default 1000)
    
    -c, --count N  set number of checks to N

[root@DB-Server tmp]# ./paping --nocolor -p 80 -c 10 www.azure.cn
    
    paping v1.5.5 - Copyright (c) 2011 Mike Lovell
    
    
    
    Connecting to 1stcncloud.dtwscachev290.ourwebcdn.com [27.155.71.36] on TCP 80:
    
    
    
    Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.39ms protocol=TCP port=80
    
    Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.33ms protocol=TCP port=80
    
    Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.73ms protocol=TCP port=80
    
    Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.48ms protocol=TCP port=80
    
    Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.49ms protocol=TCP port=80
    
    Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.39ms protocol=TCP port=80
    
    Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.37ms protocol=TCP port=80
    
    Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.35ms protocol=TCP port=80
    
    Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.47ms protocol=TCP port=80
    
    Connected to 27.155.71.36: time=0.52ms protocol=TCP port=80
    
    
    
    Connection statistics:
    
           Attempted = 10, Connected = 10, Failed = 0 (0.00%)
    
    Approximate connection times:
    
           Minimum = 0.33ms, Maximum = 0.73ms, Average = 0.45ms

# Hping介绍 #

Hping是一个命令行下使用的TCP/IP数据包组装/分析工具，其命令模式很像Unix下的ping命令，但是它不仅能发送ICMP回应请求，它还可以支持TCP、UDP、ICMP和RAW-IP协议，它有一个路由跟踪模式，能够在两个相互包含的通道之间传送文件。Hping常被用于检测网络和主机，其功能非常强大，可在多种操作系统下运行，如Linux，FreeBSD，NetBSD，OpenBSD，Solaris，MacOs X，Windows。 目前最新的版本为hping3

Hping的主要功能有：

1、防火墙测试

2、高级端口扫描

3、网络检测，可以用不同的协议、服务类型（TOS）、IP分片

4、手工探测MTU（ 最大传输单元） 路径

5、先进的路由跟踪，支持所有的协议

6、远程操作系统探测

7、远程的运行时间探测

8、TCP/IP堆栈审计

Hping的官方网址为http://www.hping.org/，开发者为是Salvatore Sanfilippo，官方介绍资料如下：

hping is a command-line oriented TCP/IP packet assembler/analyzer. The interface is inspired to the ping(8) unix command, but hping isn’t only able to send ICMP echo requests. It supports TCP, UDP, ICMP and RAW-IP protocols, has a traceroute mode, the ability to send files between a covered channel, and many other features.

While hping was mainly used as a security tool in the past, it can be used in many ways by people that don’t care about security to test networks and hosts. A subset of the stuff you can do using hping:

· Firewall testing

· Advanced port scanning

· Network testing, using different protocols, TOS, fragmentation

· Manual path MTU discovery

· Advanced traceroute, under all the supported protocols

· Remote OS fingerprinting

· Remote uptime guessing

· TCP/IP stacks auditing

· hping can also be useful to students that are learning TCP/IP.

Hping works on the following unix-like systems: Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Solaris, MacOs X, Windows.

# Hping安装 #

Hping这个项目在GitHub上，https://github.com/antirez/hping，可以直接从这里下载安装。另外如果yum源有安装程序，使用yum安装最方便、快捷。

# yum install hping3

下面是官方文档的源码安装，不过源码安装需要依赖一些组件，想必yum安装麻烦很多：

Linux

--------------------

please, follows this steps:

$ ./configure (first try ./configure --help)
    
    $ vi Makefile (optional)
    
    $ make
    
    $ su
    
    # make install

FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD

--------------------

You will need the libpcap and the gmake utility installed on your system.

$ ./configure
    
    $ gmake
    
    $ su (or calife)
    
    # gmake install

Hping测试

查看hping的帮助信息：

\[root@DB-Server ~\]\# hping3 --help \#或者hping --help

下面表格整理了部分参数信息，更多参数信息可以参考帮助文档或http://man.linuxde.net/hping

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2N0eXB5YjIwMDI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2N0eXB5YjIwMDI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

# hping3  -S 192.168.27.57 -p 1433
    
    HPING 192.168.27.57 (eth0 192.168.27.57): S set, 40 headers + 0 data bytes
    
    len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=60 DF id=0 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=0 win=5840 rtt=31.4 ms
    
    len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=60 DF id=0 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=1 win=5840 rtt=23.5 ms
    
    len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=118 DF id=10907 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=2 win=8192 rtt=20.4 ms
    
    len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=118 DF id=10908 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=3 win=8192 rtt=15.6 ms
    
    len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=60 DF id=0 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=4 win=5840 rtt=15.5 ms
    
    len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=60 DF id=0 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=5 win=5840 rtt=14.1 ms
    
    len=44 ip=192.168.27.57 ttl=60 DF id=0 sport=1433 flags=SA seq=6 win=5840 rtt=14.4 ms
    
    ^C
    
    --- 192.168.27.57 hping statistic ---
    
    7 packets transmitted, 7 packets received, 0% packet loss
    
    round-trip min/avg/max = 14.1/19.3/31.4 ms

个人感觉Hping是功能最强大的一款工具，可以测试防火墙功能、端口扫描、Idle扫描、拒绝服务攻击、木马功能，这篇hping3命令已经详细介绍了，而且有些测试不方便展示在此。在此略过细节。另外，工具再好，也需要可以掌握、驾驭工具的人。

参考资料：

https://docs.azure.cn/zh-cn/articles/azure-operations-guide/virtual-network/aog-virtual-network-tcp-psping-paping-connectivity

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/psping

https://www.cmsky.com/tcping/

http://zhjwpku.com/2016/12/17/tcpping-hping-mtr.html

https://www.slashroot.in/what-tcp-ping-and-how-it-usedyouy

http://tookdes.org/geek/archives/tcping-intro.html

http://man.linuxde.net/hping3

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