STM32HAL库-针对芯片内部FLASH读保护实现防篡改、破解功能（详解）

妖狐艹你老母 2023-01-17 09:27 348阅读 0赞

**目录**

概述

一、使用方法

二、STM32CubeMx配置

三、Examples

四、运行结果

五、总结

--------------------

# 概述 #

本篇文章介绍如何使用STM32HAL库，针对芯片读写保护实现防篡改、破解功能（详解），本案例还包含内部FLASH读写数据，本质就是操作Flash。

硬件：STM32F103CBT6最小系统板  
软件：Keil 5.29 + STM32CubeMX5.6.1

![20210421093912125.png][]

## 一、使用方法 ##

通过参阅《STM32中文参考手册》得知，不同型号的芯片对应FLASH大小不一样，如下所示：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

在《STM32中文参考手册》pdf文档中找到，第2.3.3小节：嵌入式闪存，对应的页数30。  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

这里我使用的是STM32F103CBT6的FLASH是128k，通过手册得知是属于中容量，所以只需看下面FLASH地址分配图与每一页对应的大小（字节）即可。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

想更详细的了解，请阅读《STM32中文参考手册》，自行上网查找资料下载。

## 二、STM32CubeMx配置   ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][] ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

## 三、Examples ##

打开STM32CubeMx生成的keil工程，新建bsp文件夹，同时分别新建bsp\_flash.c与bsp\_flash.h文件，并把这两个文件，添加keil工程中来即可。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

添加头文件路径

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

1、bsp\_flash.h文件

#ifndef __BSP_FLASH_H
    #define __BSP_FLASH_H
    
    #ifdef __cplusplus
    extern "C" {
    #endif
    
    
    
    /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    #include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
    	
    
    
    #define  DATASTOREADDR 	0x0800F800//数据存放地址	
    
    
    /* Error code */ 
    typedef enum 
    {
      FLASHIF_OK = 0,
      FLASHIF_ERASEKO,
      FLASHIF_WRITINGCTRL_ERROR,
      FLASHIF_WRITING_ERROR,
      FLASHIF_PROTECTION_ERRROR
    }Flash_Status_t;
    
    
    typedef enum {
    	APPLICATION_NORMAL = 0,		// APP能正常稳定运行
    	APPLICATION_UPDATED,			// APP刚更新完成，等待测试启动
    	APPLICATION_ERROR,				// APP错误，不能正常工作
    }Application_Status_t;
    
    typedef	__PACKED_STRUCT{
    	uint32_t Device_id;								// 设备号
    	uint32_t Hardware_Version;				// 硬件版本信息
    	uint32_t Application_Version;		  // APP软件版本
    	uint32_t Application_Status;		  // APP的状态. @Application_Status_t
    	uint32_t SystemParamCRC;
    }SystemParamTypeDef;
    
    
    void Flash_Test(void);
    
    
    #ifdef __cplusplus
    }
    #endif
    
    #endif

2、bsp\_flash.c文件

#include "bsp_flash.h"
    #include "stdio.h"
    #include "string.h"
    
    
    HAL_StatusTypeDef FLASH_If_EnableReadProtection(void)
    {
    	FLASH_OBProgramInitTypeDef OptionsBytesStruct = { 0 };
    	HAL_FLASHEx_OBGetConfig(&OptionsBytesStruct);
    	HAL_StatusTypeDef result = HAL_OK;
    	
    	if (OptionsBytesStruct.RDPLevel == OB_RDP_LEVEL_0)
    	{
    		OptionsBytesStruct.OptionType = OPTIONBYTE_RDP;
    		OptionsBytesStruct.RDPLevel = OB_RDP_LEVEL_1;
    
    		HAL_FLASH_Unlock();
    		HAL_FLASH_OB_Unlock();
    
    		if (HAL_FLASHEx_OBProgram(&OptionsBytesStruct) != HAL_OK)
    		{
                /* Launch the option byte loading */
                HAL_FLASH_OB_Launch();
                /* Lock the FLASH Option Control Registers access */
    			HAL_FLASH_OB_Lock();
    			HAL_FLASH_Lock();
    			return result;
    		}
            /* Launch the option byte loading */
            HAL_FLASH_OB_Launch();
            /* Lock the FLASH Option Control Registers access */
    		HAL_FLASH_OB_Lock();
    		HAL_FLASH_Lock();
    		result = HAL_ERROR;
    	}
    	return result;
    }
    
    
    HAL_StatusTypeDef Flash_If_DisableReadProtection(void)
    {
    	FLASH_OBProgramInitTypeDef OptionsBytesStruct = { 0 };
    	HAL_FLASHEx_OBGetConfig(&OptionsBytesStruct);
    	HAL_StatusTypeDef result = HAL_OK;
    	
      if (OptionsBytesStruct.RDPLevel == OB_RDP_LEVEL_1)
    	{
    		OptionsBytesStruct.OptionType = OPTIONBYTE_RDP;
    		OptionsBytesStruct.RDPLevel = OB_RDP_LEVEL_0;
    
    		HAL_FLASH_Unlock();
    		HAL_FLASH_OB_Unlock();
    
    		if (HAL_FLASHEx_OBProgram(&OptionsBytesStruct) != HAL_OK)
    		{
                /* Launch the option byte loading */
                HAL_FLASH_OB_Launch();
                /* Lock the FLASH Option Control Registers access */
    			HAL_FLASH_OB_Lock();
    			HAL_FLASH_Lock();
    			return result;
    		}
            /* Launch the option byte loading */
            HAL_FLASH_OB_Launch();
            /* Lock the FLASH Option Control Registers access */
    		HAL_FLASH_OB_Lock();
    		HAL_FLASH_Lock();
    		result = HAL_ERROR;
    	}
    	return result;
    }
    
    HAL_StatusTypeDef Set_FlashReadProtection(uint8_t mode)
    {
    	HAL_StatusTypeDef result = HAL_ERROR;
    	
    	if (mode == 1)
    	{
    		FLASH_If_EnableReadProtection();
    		printf("EnableReadProtection!!!\r\n");
    		result = HAL_OK;
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		Flash_If_DisableReadProtection();
    		printf("DisableReadProtection!!!\r\n");
    		result = HAL_OK;
    	}
    	return result;
    }
    
    
    void FLASH_If_Init(void)
    {
      /* Unlock the Program memory */
      HAL_FLASH_Unlock();
    
      /* Clear all FLASH flags */
      __HAL_FLASH_CLEAR_FLAG(FLASH_FLAG_EOP | FLASH_FLAG_PGERR | FLASH_FLAG_WRPERR);
    //  /* Unlock the Program memory */
      HAL_FLASH_Lock();
    }
    
    
    uint8_t FLASH_If_Write(uint32_t WriteAddr, uint32_t * pBuffer, uint32_t length)
    {
    	static FLASH_EraseInitTypeDef pEraseInit;
    	uint32_t pageerror = 0;  //定义擦除出错时，返回的Flash地址
    	//uint32_t* pDATA = (uint32_t*)&pBuffer;  
    //	uint8_t page = sizeof(pBuffer) / sizeof(uint32_t);
    	
    	HAL_FLASH_Unlock();
    	pEraseInit.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_PAGES;
    	pEraseInit.PageAddress = WriteAddr;  //定义数据地址
    	pEraseInit.NbPages = 1;  //定义擦除页面数 - 页 = 1024byte
    //	pEraseInit.Banks = FLASH_BANK_1;
    	HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&pEraseInit, &pageerror);  //擦除Flash
    	
    	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < length; i++)
    	{
    		//HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD, WriteAddr + i * 2, *(pDATA + i));	//半字节：FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD
    #if 0		
    		HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_WORD, WriteAddr + i * 4, *(pBuffer + i)); //字节：FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_WORD
    #else		
    		if (HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_WORD, WriteAddr, *(uint32_t*)(pBuffer+i)) == HAL_OK)      
        {
         /* Check the written value */
          if (*(uint32_t*)WriteAddr != *(uint32_t*)(pBuffer+i))
          {
        	  HAL_FLASH_Lock();
            /* Flash content doesn't match SRAM content */
            return(FLASHIF_WRITINGCTRL_ERROR);
          }
          /* Increment FLASH destination address */
          WriteAddr += 4;
        }
        else
        {
          HAL_FLASH_Lock();
          /* Error occurred while writing data in Flash memory */
          return (FLASHIF_WRITING_ERROR);
        }		
    #endif
    	}
    	HAL_FLASH_Lock();
    	return (FLASHIF_OK);
    }
    
    uint8_t FLASH_If_Read(uint32_t ReadAddr, uint32_t *pBuffer, uint32_t DataLength)
    {
    	uint32_t i;
    	
    	for(i = 0; i < DataLength; i++)
    	{
    		pBuffer[i] = *(__IO uint32_t*)(ReadAddr);//读取4个字节.		
    		ReadAddr += 4;//偏移4个字节.	
    	}
    	return (FLASHIF_OK);
    }
    
    
    void Flash_Test(void)
    {
    	
    	SystemParamTypeDef SystemParam_default = {
    	    .Device_id				= 0x00000111,
    		.Hardware_Version 		= 0x10000111,
    		.Application_Version 	= 0x00000111,
    		.Application_Status 	= APPLICATION_NORMAL
      };
    	
    	SystemParamTypeDef SystemParam_update = {
    	    .Device_id				= 0x00000222,
    		.Hardware_Version 		= 0x10000222,
    		.Application_Version 	= 0x10000222,
    		.Application_Status 	= APPLICATION_UPDATED
      };
    
    	SystemParamTypeDef SystemParam_read;
    
    	uint32_t page = sizeof(SystemParam_default) / sizeof(uint32_t);
    	
    	printf("Flash_Test!!!\r\n");
    	Set_FlashReadProtection(0);
    	
    	FLASH_If_Init();
    	
    	//memset(SystemParam_default, 0, sizeof(SystemParam_default));	//清空结构体内容
        memset(&SystemParam_read, 0, sizeof(SystemParam_read));	//清空结构体内容
    	FLASH_If_Write(DATASTOREADDR, (uint32_t*)&SystemParam_default, page);
    	FLASH_If_Read(DATASTOREADDR, (uint32_t*)&SystemParam_read, page);
    	
    	printf("Device_id:0x%08lX, Hardware_Version:0x%08lX, Application_Version:0x%08lX, Application_Status:0x%08lX \r\n",
    						SystemParam_read.Device_id,           SystemParam_read.Hardware_Version,
    						SystemParam_read.Application_Version, SystemParam_read.Application_Status);
    	
    	HAL_Delay(100);
    
    	printf("UPDATA!!! \r\n");
    	//memset(&SystemParam_default, 0, sizeof(SystemParam_default));	//清空结构体内容
        memset(&SystemParam_read, 0, sizeof(SystemParam_read));	//清空结构体内容
    	
    	FLASH_If_Write(DATASTOREADDR, (uint32_t*)&SystemParam_update, page);
    	FLASH_If_Read(DATASTOREADDR, (uint32_t*)&SystemParam_read, page);	
    	printf("Device_id:0x%08lX, Hardware_Version:0x%08lX, Application_Version:0x%08lX, Application_Status:0x%08lX \r\n",
    						SystemParam_read.Device_id, 					 SystemParam_read.Hardware_Version,
    						SystemParam_read.Application_Version, SystemParam_read.Application_Status);					
    }

3、mian.c文件

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
    /**
      ******************************************************************************
      * @file           : main.c
      * @brief          : Main program body
      ******************************************************************************
      * @attention
      *
      * <h2><center>© Copyright (c) 2021 STMicroelectronics.
      * All rights reserved.</center></h2>
      *
      * This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
      * the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
      * License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
      *                        opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
      *
      ******************************************************************************
      */
    /* USER CODE END Header */
    /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    #include "main.h"
    #include "usart.h"
    #include "gpio.h"
    
    /* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
    /* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
    #include "stdio.h"
    #include "bsp_flash.h"
    /* USER CODE END Includes */
    
    /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
    /* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
    
    /* USER CODE END PTD */
    
    /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
    /* USER CODE END PD */
    
    /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
    
    /* USER CODE END PM */
    
    /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
    
    /* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
    
    /* USER CODE END PV */
    
    /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
    void SystemClock_Config(void);
    /* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
    
    /* USER CODE END PFP */
    
    /* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
    /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
    
    /* USER CODE END 0 */
    
    /**
      * @brief  The application entry point.
      * @retval int
      */
    int main(void)
    {
      /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
    
      /* USER CODE END 1 */
    
      /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
    
      /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
      HAL_Init();
    
      /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
    
      /* USER CODE END Init */
    
      /* Configure the system clock */
      SystemClock_Config();
    
      /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
    
      /* USER CODE END SysInit */
    
      /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
      MX_GPIO_Init();
      MX_USART1_UART_Init();
      /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
    	
    	Flash_Test();
      /* USER CODE END 2 */
    
      /* Infinite loop */
      /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
      while (1)
      {
    		HAL_Delay(1000);
    		HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LED_GPIO_Port, LED_Pin);
        /* USER CODE END WHILE */
    
        /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
      }
      /* USER CODE END 3 */
    }
    
    /**
      * @brief System Clock Configuration
      * @retval None
      */
    void SystemClock_Config(void)
    {
      RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
      RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
    
      /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
      * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
      */
      RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
      RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
      RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
      RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
      RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
      RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
      RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
      if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
      {
        Error_Handler();
      }
      /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
      */
      RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                                  |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
      RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
      RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
      RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
      RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
    
      if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
      {
        Error_Handler();
      }
    }
    
    /* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
    
    #ifdef __GNUC__
      /* With GCC/RAISONANCE, small printf (option LD Linker->Libraries->Small printf
         set to 'Yes') calls __io_putchar() */
      #define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int __io_putchar(int ch)
    #else
      #define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
    #endif /* __GNUC__ */
    /**
      * @brief  Retargets the C library printf function to the USART.
      * @param  None
      * @retval None
      */
    PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE
    {
      /* Place your implementation of fputc here */
      /* e.g. write a character to the EVAL_COM1 and Loop until the end of transmission */
      HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0xFFFF);
     
      return ch;
    }
     
    int fgetc(FILE * f)
    {
      uint8_t ch = 0;
      HAL_UART_Receive(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0xffff);
      return ch;
    }
    
    /* USER CODE END 4 */
    
    /**
      * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
      * @retval None
      */
    void Error_Handler(void)
    {
      /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
      /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
    
      /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
    }
    
    #ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
    /**
      * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
      *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
      * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
      * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
      * @retval None
      */
    void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
    {
      /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
      /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
         tex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
      /* USER CODE END 6 */
    }
    #endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
    
    /************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

## 四、运行结果 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]  
打开读保护

只需在bsp\_flash.c文件，修改这语句即可 Set\_FlashReadProtection(1);  
保存，编译，下载程序运行，运行结果：  
![20210428221753183.png][]  
再次下载，就会提示，无法下载  
![20210428221822970.png][] ![20210428222014412.png][]  
使用ST-Link Utility工具，解除无法下载问题  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]  
此时，连接都无法连接，莫慌。

![20210428222136355.png][] ![20210428222215124.png][]

Target-> Option Bytes...  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]  
  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]  
把 Read Out Protection 中的 Enabled，改为 Disabled 即可，点击下面“Apply”按键。  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]  
擦除芯片程序  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]  
擦除成功。  
![20210428222702542.png][]

传送门->[代码][Link 1]  
(注：下载下来的代码需要修改，以博文为准，修改地方是：void Flash\_Test() 函数)

## 五、总结 ##

好了，就介绍到此，防止别人盗版自己所开发的产品，建议加上此功能。这种加密手段能够在一定程度上增加芯片破解难度，对抄板公司设置门槛。

[20210421093912125.png]: /images/20221021/08dc8d70f97f4bffa7e32154d7d979f5.png
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MDc1NjEy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221021/3ee4665f2a4440088fce407290797681.png
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[Link 1]: https://download.csdn.net/download/qq_36075612/18215965