mysql dump 二进制_mysqldump是否可以可靠地处理二进制数据？

叁歲伎倆 2023-01-11 13:15 137阅读 0赞

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I have some tables in MySQL 5.6 that contain large binary data in some fields. I want to know if I can trust dumps created by mysqldump and be sure that those binary fields will not be corrupted easily when transferring the dump files trough systems like FTP, SCP and such. Also, should I force such systems to treat the dump files as binary transfers instead of ascii?

Thanks in advance for any comments!

解决方案

No, it is not always reliable when you have binary blobs. In that case you MUST use the "--hex-blob" flag to get correct results.

I have a case where these calls fail (importing on a different server but both running Centos6/MariaDB 10):

mysqldump --single-transaction --routines --databases myalarm -uroot -p"PASSWORD" | gzip > /FILENAME.sql.gz

gunzip < FILENAME.sql.gz | mysql -p"PASSWORD" -uroot --comments

It produces a file that silently fails to import. Adding "--skip-extended-insert" gives me a file that's much easier to debug, and I find that this line is generated but can't be read (but no error is reported either exporting or importing):

INSERT INTO \`panels\` VALUES (1003,1,257126,141,6562,1,88891,'??\\\\\\?ŖeV???,NULL);

Note that the terminating quote on the binary data is missing in the original.

select hex(packet\_key) from panels where id=1003;

\--> DE77CF5C075CE002C596176556AAF9ED

The column is binary data:

CREATE TABLE \`panels\` (

\`id\` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO\_INCREMENT,

\`enabled\` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '1',

\`serial\_number\` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,

\`panel\_types\_id\` int(11) NOT NULL,

\`all\_panels\_id\` int(11) NOT NULL,

\`installers\_id\` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,

\`users\_id\` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,

\`packet\_key\` binary(16) NOT NULL,

\`user\_deleted\` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (\`id\`),

...

So no, not only can you not necessarily trust mysqldump, you can't even rely on it to report an error when one occurs.

An ugly workaround I used was to mysqldump excluding the two afflicted tables by adding options like this to the dump:

\--ignore-table=myalarm.panels

Then this BASH script hack. Basically run a SELECT that produces INSERT values where the NULL columns are handled and the binary column gets turned into an UNHEX() call like so:

(123,45678,UNHEX("AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA"),"2014-03-17 00:00:00",NULL),

Paste it into your editor of choice to play with it if you need to.

echo "SET UNIQUE\_CHECKS=0;SET FOREIGN\_KEY\_CHECKS=0;DELETE FROM panels;INSERT INTO panels VALUES " > all.sql

mysql -uroot -p"PASSWORD" databasename -e "SELECT CONCAT('(',id,',', enabled,',', serial\_number,',', panel\_types\_id,',', all\_panels\_id,',', IFNULL(CONVERT(installers\_id,CHAR(20)),'NULL'),',', IFNULL(CONVERT(users\_id,CHAR(20)),'NULL'), ',UNHEX(\\"',HEX(packet\_key),'\\"),', IF(ISNULL(user\_deleted),'NULL',CONCAT('\\"', user\_deleted,'\\"')),'),') FROM panels" >> all.sql

echo "SET UNIQUE\_CHECKS=1;SET FOREIGN\_KEY\_CHECKS=1;" > all.sql

That gives me a file called "all.sql" that needs the final comma in the INSERT turned into a semicolon, then it can be run as above. I needed the "large import buffer" tweaks set in both the interactive mysql shell and the command line to process that file because it's large.

mysql ... --max\_allowed\_packet=1GB

When I reported the bug I was eventually pointed at the "--hex-blob" flag, which does the same as my workaround but in a trivial from my side way. Add that option, blobs get dumped as hex, the end.

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